Clovis Karatunga v Edrisa Nyakairu (Civil Suit No. DR. MFP 16/90) [1991] UGHC 18 (1 January 1991)
Full Case Text
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DR. MFP 16/90 \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4349184 {\b\insrsid4349184\charrsid11416855 CLOVIS KARATUNGA:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::}{ \b\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 PLAINTIFF }{\b\insrsid4349184\charrsid11416855 \par }\pard \s15\qc \li0\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4349184 {\b\insrsid4349184\charrsid11416855 VERSUS \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4349184 {\b\insrsid4349184\charrsid11416855 EDRISA NYAKAIRU:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::}{ \b\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 DEFENDANT }{\b\insrsid4349184\charrsid11416855 \par BEFORE}{\b\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 : }{\b\ul\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 THE }{\b\ul\insrsid4349184\charrsid11416855 HONOURABLE MR. JUSTICE I.}{\b\ul\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 MUKANZA }{\b\insrsid4349184\charrsid11416855 \par }\pard \s15\qc \li0\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4349184 {\b\insrsid4349184\charrsid11416855 RULING \par }\pard \s15\qj \li0\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4349184 {\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 This is an }{\insrsid4349184\charrsid11416855 application}{ \insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 by notice of}{\insrsid4349184\charrsid11416855 motion filed by the applicant/}{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 defendant under order }{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 33}{\i\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 }{ \insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 r }{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 3}{\i\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 }{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 and Order 48 }{\insrsid4349184\charrsid11416855 rule 1 of the Civil procedure }{ \insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 rules seeking }{\insrsid4349184\charrsid11416855 for leave}{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 }{\insrsid4349184\charrsid11416855 to}{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 }{\insrsid4349184\charrsid11416855 app}{ \insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 ear a}{\insrsid4349184\charrsid11416855 nd }{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 def}{\insrsid4349184\charrsid11416855 end}{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 }{\insrsid4349184\charrsid11416855 the s}{ \insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 ui}{\insrsid4349184\charrsid11416855 t}{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 .}{\insrsid4349184\charrsid11416855 The grounds f}{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 or the application are found in the notice of motion. And there was an affidavit in support of the application deponed to by Edirisa Nyakairu the said applicant/}{\insrsid4349184\charrsid11416855 defendant. \par }{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 According to the plaint under an }{\insrsid4349184\charrsid11416855 agreement}{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 }{\insrsid4349184\charrsid11416855 made}{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 on }{ \insrsid4349184\charrsid11416855 9}{\super\insrsid4349184\charrsid11416855 th}{\insrsid4349184\charrsid11416855 }{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 January 1990 the applicant undertook to sell to }{\insrsid4349184\charrsid11416855 the respondent/plaintiff motor vehicle }{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 registration No. UWQ 890 whose registration book was }{\insrsid4349184\charrsid11416855 in the names of one Tom Rwom}{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 ushana. The agreed price was Shs. 1,150,00O/}{\insrsid4349184\charrsid11416855 =. \par }{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 On }{\insrsid4349184\charrsid11416855 the date of }{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 the agreement the p}{\insrsid4349184\charrsid11416855 laintiff/respondent paid Shs. 610}{\insrsid11416855 ,000/= }{ \insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 CASH to the}{\insrsid4349184\charrsid11416855 Defendant/Applicant and on 2}{\super\insrsid4349184\charrsid11416855 nd}{\insrsid4349184\charrsid11416855 }{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 February 1990 the former respondent paid to the}{\insrsid4349184\charrsid11416855 defendant/applicant Shillings 1}{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 00,000/= on a }{\insrsid4349184\charrsid11416855 subsequent}{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 }{ \insrsid4349184\charrsid11416855 occasion on 22th }{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 March 1990 the plaintiff/Respondent paid the applicant Shillings 100,000/=. The total sum pa}{\insrsid4349184\charrsid11416855 id was Shillings 81}{ \insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 0,000/=. After the respondent had paid over one half of the purchase price to the Applicant/Defendant he refused to pay any further money until the applicant showed evide}{\insrsid4349184\charrsid11416855 nce of ownership of the vehicle}{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 the }{\insrsid4349184\charrsid11416855 subject of the agreement. W}{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 hen the applicant failed to show such evidence the Respondent wrote to the applicant demanding for }{\insrsid4349184\charrsid11416855 his shillings 810,000/= already}{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 paid. Th}{\insrsid4349184\charrsid11416855 e respondent then filed an action}{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 under summary procedure order }{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 33}{\i\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 }{\insrsid4349184\charrsid11416855 of the CP}{ \insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 R suing for a liquidated sum of Shillings }{\insrsid4349184\charrsid11416855 810,000/=. \par The applicant applied for an}{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 unconditional leave to appear and defend the suit and filed an af}{\insrsid4349184\charrsid11416855 fidavit in support. He averred \par }{\i\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 \'93Th}{\i\insrsid4349184\charrsid11416855 at by the agreement the respondent}{\i\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 was to pay up the balance of the purchase price }{\i\insrsid4349184\charrsid11416855 by 20}{ \i\super\insrsid4349184\charrsid11416855 th}{\i\insrsid4349184\charrsid11416855 }{\i\insrsid157672\charrsid11416855 February 1990. \par }{\i\insrsid4349184\charrsid11416855 That despite several warnings}{\i\insrsid157672\charrsid11416855 the respondent had only paid Shillings 81}{\i\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 0,000/}{\i\insrsid157672\charrsid11416855 =}{ \i\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 }{\i\insrsid157672\charrsid11416855 by July, 1990. \par }{\i\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 That because of his persistent failure or refusal to }{\i\insrsid157672\charrsid11416855 pay the balance,}{\i\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 He seized the car from him on t}{\i\insrsid157672\charrsid11416855 he 14} {\i\super\insrsid157672\charrsid11416855 th}{\i\insrsid157672\charrsid11416855 }{\i\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 June 1990 and on }{\i\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 5}{\i\super\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 th}{ \i\insrsid157672\charrsid11416855 }{\i\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 July 1990 he resold the car to one Paulo Asaba to recover his balance as was agreed between the applicant and the respondent in clause 4(b) of the agreement. The sale was done with the consent, of }{\i\insrsid157672\charrsid11416855 the respondent.
\par }{\i\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 That he had never failed to have the registration book transferred in his names and that that was to be done after full }{\i\insrsid157672\charrsid11416855 payment of the purchase price.\'94 \par }{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 Mr Nyakabwa who appeared for the appli}{\insrsid157672\charrsid11416855 cant submitted that once a }{\insrsid12266291\charrsid11416855 triable}{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 issue was raised }{ \insrsid157672\charrsid11416855 under}{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 an application of }{\insrsid157672\charrsid11416855 that}{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 nature then the defendant/applicant was automatically allowed by the }{ \insrsid157672\charrsid11416855 court}{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 t}{\insrsid157672\charrsid11416855 o defend. He referred me to Spr}{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 y }{\insrsid157672\charrsid11416855 on Civil Procedure East Africa under order} {\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 }{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 33}{\i\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 }{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 of the Civil Procedures unfortunately the said text book was never availed to me for perusal. It was not even }{\insrsid157672\charrsid11416855 available in the library here. }{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 M}{\insrsid157672\charrsid11416855 r}{ \insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 . Mugamba for the respondent submitted that on }{\insrsid157672\charrsid11416855 the question raised in both grounds 1}{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 and 2 of the application that}{\insrsid157672\charrsid11416855 the plaintiff/}{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 respondent, did not pay fully }{\insrsid157672\charrsid11416855 because}{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 after he had paid part of the price it became clear to him that the defendant}{ \insrsid157672\charrsid11416855 was not in a position to have }{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 the registration book of the }{\insrsid157672\charrsid11416855 motor}{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 vehicle transferred into his names despite several} {\insrsid157672\charrsid11416855 requests}{\i\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 }{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 for him to do}{\insrsid157672\charrsid11416855 so and despite payment by the }{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 respondent over half of the agreed co}{\insrsid157672\charrsid11416855 st price of the motor vehicle; a}{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 nd having }{\insrsid157672\charrsid11416855 realized}{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 that the appli}{ \insrsid157672\charrsid11416855 cant/defendant had no title even}{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 at that late stage, lacked title to the motor vehicle. He could not envisage how the defendant could pass the same vehicle to him when he had no title }{ \insrsid157672\charrsid11416855 to pass nemodat quod non habet. It was then that the respondent}{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 /plaintiff elected to sue }{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 for}{\i\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 }{ \insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 the money that the de}{\insrsid157672\charrsid11416855 fendant had received on no consideration at all}{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 . Th}{\insrsid157672\charrsid11416855 e co}{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 ntract failed when it lacked consideration and it was on that standing that the, plaint was brought }{\insrsid157672\charrsid11416855 under}{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 order 33 of the Civil }{\insrsid157672\charrsid11416855 Procedure R}{ \insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 ules. He concluded that the }{\insrsid12266291\charrsid11416855 applicant had no defence to the instant suit. \par }{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 In reply Mr. Nyakabwa submitted that the affidavit in }{\insrsid12266291\charrsid11416855 support}{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 of the }{\insrsid12266291\charrsid11416855 application}{ \insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 was good and it raised issues that were of }{\insrsid12266291\charrsid11416855 considerable conflict}{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 }{\insrsid12266291\charrsid11416855 between}{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 the, two parties. The }{\insrsid12266291\charrsid11416855 agreement}{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 was already on the records of the court. It contained other issues paragraph }{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 7}{ \i\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 }{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 suffice to say that the issue of the registration book was a non issue. He submitted }{\insrsid12266291\charrsid11416855 that there were triable issues.}{ \insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 The court had to determine whether there was no subjec t matter or whether the plaintiff/respondent failed to pay. That the learned counsel for the respondent/plaintiff raised some points of law and equity. Does it mean the defendant/applicant did not have title over the }{\insrsid12266291\charrsid11416855 vehicle?}{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 That issue could be determined when evidence }{\insrsid12266291\charrsid11416855 was led. \par }\pard \s15\qj \li0\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid12266291 {\insrsid12266291\charrsid11416855 I}{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 have considered carefully the submissions by the learned counsels representing the parties as to whether the }{\insrsid12266291\charrsid11416855 applicant}{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 could be granted leave to defend the suit or not. The general rule is that leave to defend should be given unconditionally unless there is good ground for thinking that the }{\insrsid12266291\charrsid11416855 defenses}{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 put forward are no more than a sham and it must be more than mere suspicion }{\b\ul\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 See Kundanlal Restuarant v Devish & Co }{\b\ul\insrsid12266291\charrsid11416855 [}{\b\ul\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 1952}{ \b\ul\insrsid12266291\charrsid11416855 ]}{\b\ul\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 19EACA 77. Souza Figuerido &Co. Ltd v Moorings Hotel Ltd }{\b\ul\insrsid12266291\charrsid11416855 (1}{\b\ul\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 959}{ \b\ul\insrsid12266291\charrsid11416855 )}{\b\ul\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 EA }{\b\ul\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 425}{\b\i\ul\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 }{\b\ul\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 (CA). }{ \b\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 And in }{\b\ul\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 Camille vs Merali and another EA }{\b\ul\insrsid12266291\charrsid11416855 (}{\b\ul\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 1966}{\b\ul\insrsid12266291\charrsid11416855 )}{ \b\ul\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 at P. 414 }{\b\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 CE).}{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 Sir Charles Newbold P}{\insrsid12266291\charrsid11416855 . }{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 as he then was said, }{ \insrsid12266291\charrsid11416855 \par }\pard \s15\qj \li0\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4349184 {\i\insrsid12266291\charrsid11416855 \'93Before a defendant is entitled (as opposed to the exercise }{ \i\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 of the discretion of judge in any particular case to give }{\i\insrsid12266291\charrsid11416855 leave}{\i\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 to defend) }{\i\insrsid12266291\charrsid11416855 to uncon}{ \i\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 ditional leave to defend a plaint, the defendant must show}{\i\insrsid12266291\charrsid11416855 a}{\i\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 triable issue which would or might result in the judgment on }{ \i\insrsid12266291\charrsid11416855 the plaintiff being affected.\'94 \par }{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 In the instant case there was a sale agreement entered in to }{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 between}{\i\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 }{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 the parties in connectio n with the vehicle in question. It was averred by the applicant that it was a term of the agreement that the }{\insrsid12266291\charrsid11416855 respondent}{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 had to pay the balance of the purchase price at a certain date and that because }{\insrsid12266291\charrsid11416855 of the failure to pay the bal}{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 ance as agreed the }{\insrsid12266291\charrsid11416855 vehicle}{ \insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 was seized and sold in order to }{\insrsid12266291\charrsid11416855 realize}{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 the balance as per clause 4 (b) of the agreement and that the sale was done with the consent of the respondent. I am of the view that the affidavit raised a triable issue as to whether the respondent was entitled to recover Shillings }{ \insrsid12266291\charrsid11416855 810}{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 ,000/= as money received by the applicant as part payment for the purchase of the vehicle.}{\insrsid12266291\charrsid11416855 Unl}{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 e}{ \insrsid12266291\charrsid11416855 s}{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 s the matter came to court and tried it was not easy to say whether the plaintiff was entitled to that money or not. The applicant deponed that he sold the vehic}{\insrsid11416855 le according to the provisions }{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 of the agreement entered into by the parties which agreement this court has}{\insrsid12266291\charrsid11416855 not h}{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 ad }{ \insrsid12266291\charrsid11416855 the opportunity to see an}{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 d study and make a finding on the same. \line I am of }{\insrsid12266291\charrsid11416855 the view that the defenses pu}{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 t forward are genuine ones and are no more than a}{\insrsid12266291\charrsid11416855 sham and they are beyond mere suspicion. The car inv}{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 olved is a subject of a contract between the parties and of which the respondent is accused of having breach}{\insrsid12266291\charrsid11416855 ed and it was as a result of the }{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 breach that the applicant seized the}{ \insrsid12266291\charrsid11416855 }{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 vehicle and sold it in order to recover the }{\insrsid12266291\charrsid11416855 balance}{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 of the }{\insrsid12266291\charrsid11416855 purchase}{ \insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 price. I am of the view that those were }{\insrsid12266291\charrsid11416855 issues}{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 which require full hearing of the suit by the court. }{\insrsid2693031\charrsid11416855 \par From}{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 }{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 wha}{\insrsid2693031\charrsid11416855 t has}{\i\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 }{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 been explained above it is }{ \insrsid2693031\charrsid11416855 the considered opinion of this }{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 court that the applicant had sho}{\insrsid2693031\charrsid11416855 wn that there were clearly triable}{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 issues }{ \insrsid2693031\charrsid11416855 raised}{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 in the affidavit and the court }{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 was}{\i\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 }{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 not prepared to }{ \insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 say}{\i\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 }{\insrsid2693031\charrsid11416855 that}{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 all the defence put up by the }{\insrsid2693031\charrsid11416855 applicant}{ \insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 were sham. }{\insrsid2693031\charrsid11416855 Consequently}{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 }{\insrsid2693031\charrsid11416855 the applicant is g}{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 ranted unconditional leave to appear and defend the suit. He must file in his papers W. S. D. within 21 days from the date of the delivery of this rul}{\insrsid2693031\charrsid11416855 ing. The Costs of this application }{\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 is provided for. }{\b\i\insrsid4349184\charrsid11416855 \par }{\insrsid4349184\charrsid11416855 \par }\pard \s15\ql \li6480\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin6480\itap0\pararsid4349184 {\b\insrsid4349184\charrsid11416855 I. MUKANZA}{\b\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 \line }{ \b\ul\insrsid4349184\charrsid11416855 JUDG}{\b\ul\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 E }{\b\insrsid14486826\charrsid11416855 \line 6/1/91 \line \par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\sa200\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid4349184 \fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af36\hich\af36\dbch\af36\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\f0\fs24\insrsid11416855\charrsid11416855
\par }}