John Gachui Samwel v Republic [2009] KECA 165 (KLR)

REPUBLIC OF KENYA

IN THE COURT OF APPEAL OF KENYA AT NAKURU Criminal Appeal 295 of 2006

JOHN GACHUI SAMWEL ........................ APPELLANT

AND

REPUBLIC .......................................... RESPONDENT

(Appeal from a sentence  of the High Court of Kenya at Nakuru (Kimaru, J)

dated 17th October, 2006

In

H.C. Cr. C. No. 45 of 2005)

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JUDGMENT OF THE COURT

John Gachuhi Samwel, the appellant herein, was originally charged with the offence of murder contrary to section 203 as read with section 204 of the Penal Code.  The appellant pleaded not guilty to the charge of murder.  Subsequently that charge was reduced to one of manslaughter contrary to section 202 as read with  section 205 of the Penal Code.  The appellant pleaded guilty to the lesser charge the particulars of which were that on the 7th day  of May, 2005 at Kayole Estate  in Nyandarua District within Central Province unlawfully “killed” James Nyagah Mwangi.  The correct terminology used in section 202 of the Penal Code which defines “manslaughter” is the unlawful causing of death by an act or omission but nothing turns on the use of the word “kill” as set out in the charge sheet and in this appeal we shall  not  concern ourselves with the use of the expression “unlawfully killed” rather than “unlawfully causing death.”  In this case the expression occasioned no injustice to the appellant.

The  facts in support of the charge were that on the material day the appellant went to the house of his estranged wife, Regina Wanjiru Macharia (Regina).  She lived alone.  On reaching the house he saw the deceased standing outside.  He  had suspected the deceased of having an affair with his separated wife.  Apparently, the deceased had gone there to request Regina to convey a message to his (the deceased’s) girlfriend.  However, without any  inquiry or provocation, he attacked the deceased viciously with a panga.  He died on the spot, and his mutilated body was taken away by the police.  The post mortem conducted on 13th May,2005 by Dr. Jim Mburu, showed the cause of death to be multiple injuries.

Meanwhile, on the day following the vicious attack of the deceased,  the police arrested the appellant at his house and recovered the  murder weapon – a newly acquired and sharpened panga which had blood stains on it, together with a trouser and a jacket, also with blood stains.

The appellant unequivocally admitted these facts and even before us he did not seek to challenge any of them.  Upon admission of the facts, Kimaru, J convicted him on the charge of manslaughter and in passing the sentence of twelve years imprisonment, the learned Judge took into account the mitigating factors set out on behalf of the appellant  by his counsel, Mr. Ombati.  Those mitigating circumstances were that the appellant was remorseful; that he had been in custody for over a year as  at that time; and that he was married with three children.  As against these factors, the Judge considered the fact that the appellant had killed the deceased in a  fit of jealousy; that the assault was  deliberate; and that the injuries  inflicted upon the deceased were meant to either maim him or cause his death.  The learned Judge went on to observe that the appellant was lucky that the State had accepted his plea for the lesser charge of  manslaughter.  The learned Judge then imposed a sentence of twelve years imprisonment.

Now, the appellant is before us in this first and last appeal to ask us to reduce the sentence, which he says is harsh and excessive.

The appropriate sentence to  be meted out in any particular case is generally an exercise in  discretion by a trial court.  An appellate court would interfere with the exercise of such discretion only where it is shown that in deciding on the  sentence, the trial Judge took into account an irrelevant factor or failed to take into account a relevant factor or failed to appreciate the nature of the evidence or that the sentence is harsh and excessive, as the appellant says in this appeal.

For  our part, we are satisfied that the learned Judge took into account all the relevant factors; that he understood the nature and hearing of the evidence, and  given the fact that this was a totally unprovoked, and vicious attack over a completely defenceless person, we are wholly unable to say that the sentence of twelve years is harsh and excessive.

In our view  the sentence  imposed by the Judge is  neither harsh nor excessive, taking into account all the circumstances.  This appeal against sentence accordingly fails and we order that it be and is hereby dismissed.

Dated at Nakuru this 2nd day of October, 2009

P.K. TUNOI

…………………………

JUDGE OF APPEAL

P.N. WAKI

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JUDGE OF APPEAL

ALNASHIR VISRAM

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JUDGE  OF APPEAL

I certify that this is a true copy of the original.

DEPUTY REGISTRAR.