John Mary Kisembo v Kampala City Council (Misc.Cause No.80 Of 2009) (Misc.Cause No.80 of 2009) [2010] UGHC 61 (2 November 2010)
Full Case Text
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\fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid350024\charrsid3284557 THE REPUBLIC OF UGANDA}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid7089444\charrsid3284557 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid350024\charrsid3284557 IN THE HIGH COURT OF UGANDA \par AT KAMPLA \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid9834151\charrsid3284557 (CIVIL DIVISION) \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid350024\charrsid3284557 MISCELLANEOUS CAUSE NO. 80 OF 2009 \par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3284557 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid350024\charrsid3284557 \par JOHN MARY KISEMBO=============================APPLICANT \par }\pard \ltrpar\qc \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3284557 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid350024\charrsid3284557 VERSUS \par }\pard \ltrpar\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3284557 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid350024\charrsid3284557 KAMPALA CITY COUNCIL==========================RESPONDENT
\par \par \par BEFORE:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid350024\charrsid3284557 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid9834151\charrsid3284557 THE}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9834151\charrsid3284557 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid350024\charrsid3284557 HONOURABLE MR. JUSTICE YOROKAMU BAMWINE \par \par \par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3284557 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid350024\charrsid3284557 RULING: \par \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid350024\charrsid3284557 This application for Judicial Review was brought under }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9834151\charrsid3284557 Section 36 of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid350024\charrsid3284557 the Judicature }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3151577\charrsid3284557 A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid350024\charrsid3284557 ct, Cap.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9834151\charrsid3284557 1}{ \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid350024\charrsid3284557 3 and the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7537181\charrsid3284557 Judicature (Judicial Review Rules)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6947877\charrsid3284557 ,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7537181\charrsid3284557 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6947877\charrsid3284557 S.1 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7537181\charrsid3284557 2009 No. 11. The applicant seeks the following orders:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid350024\charrsid3284557 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7537181\charrsid3284557 \par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3284557 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7537181\charrsid3284557 (a)\tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid7537181\charrsid3284557 A declaration that the applicant is entitled to be paid pension by the respondent. \par (b)\tab Mandamus directing the Secretary District Service Commission, an organ of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid3151577\charrsid3284557 the respondent}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid7537181\charrsid3284557 , to rescind the dismissal of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid1061709\charrsid3284557 applicant and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid7537181\charrsid3284557 to substitute therefore (sic) an order of retirement. \par ( c)\tab Mandamus directing the respondent to include the applicant on the list of pensioners and to pay the applicant the pension due to him including all arrears from the time of the effective date of his retirement. \par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3284557 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid7537181\charrsid3284557 (d)\tab General damages. \par (e)\tab Costs}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7537181\charrsid3284557 . \par \par At the conferencing the parties agreed that: \par 1.\tab The applicant was an employee of the respondent. \par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3284557 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7537181\charrsid3284557 2.\tab The District Service Commission directed the respondent to dismiss }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1054814\charrsid3284557 him which was done}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16716563\charrsid3284557 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1054814\charrsid3284557 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid350024\charrsid3284557 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1054814\charrsid3284557 3.\tab The applicant felt aggrieved by that decision and filed }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid1054814\charrsid3284557 HCCS No.2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid3151577\charrsid3284557 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid1054814\charrsid3284557 6 of 2002}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1054814\charrsid3284557 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid350024\charrsid3284557 \par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3284557 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1054814\charrsid3284557 4.\tab The claim was for, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid1054814\charrsid3284557 inter alia}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1054814\charrsid3284557 , pension. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid350024\charrsid3284557 \par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3284557 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1054814\charrsid3284557 5.\tab Consent judgment in terms of annexture JMK 5 was filed by the parties in court.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid350024\charrsid3284557 \par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3284557 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1054814\charrsid3284557 6.\tab All the benefits stated in the consent judgment were paid.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7537181\charrsid3284557 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1054814\charrsid3284557 \par In this application court is to decide: \par 1.\tab Whether pension was covered by the consent judgment. \par 2.\tab Whether the procedure adopted by the applicant is proper. \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3431986\charrsid3284557 3.\tab Whether the cause is res judicata. \par 4.\tab Whether the claim is barred by law. \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1054814\charrsid3284557 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid3431986\charrsid3284557 Counsel: \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3431986\charrsid3284557 Mr. Sebastian Angeret for the applicant \par Mr. J}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9834151\charrsid3284557 oash}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3431986\charrsid3284557 Sendege for the respondent. \par \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3431986\charrsid3284557 Issue No. 1: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid3431986\charrsid3284557 Whether the pension was covered by the consent judgment. \par \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3431986\charrsid3284557 From the pleadings, the applicant was the plaintiff in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid3431986\charrsid3284557 HCCS No. 216 of 2002.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3431986\charrsid3284557 In that suit one of the claims was payment of pension. The respondent herein was the defendant in that suit. It de}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9834151\charrsid3284557 ni}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3431986\charrsid3284557 ed all the claims of the applicant/plaintiff in the said suit. As the suit was pending hearing and determination, the parties struck a compromise. In that compromise}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10232849\charrsid3284557 , the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3431986\charrsid3284557 applicant/plaintiff accepted to receive terminal benefits in accordance with Clause 4 of the Supplement Bargaining Agreement on terminal and Voluntary Retirement Benefits Agreement of 28}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \super\insrsid3431986\charrsid3284557 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3431986\charrsid3284557 June, 2000 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14119411\charrsid3284557 between the respondent/defendant and the Uganda Public Employees Union. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3431986\charrsid3284557 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14119411\charrsid3284557 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10232849\charrsid3284557 The im}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14119411\charrsid3284557 plication, in m y view, was that this was in substitution for any other rights the applicant/plaintiff and the respondent/defendant }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10232849\charrsid3284557 m}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14119411\charrsid3284557 ay have had under }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid14119411\charrsid3284557 HCCS No. 26 of 2002.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14119411\charrsid3284557 \par Clause 4 of said agreement states as follows: \par \par 4. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid14119411\charrsid3284557 TERMINAL BENEFITS \par Council employees who have been laid off or have voluntarily retired under this agreement shall be paid terminal benefits as agreed hereunder. \par (i)\tab Notice:- Three (03) months Gross pay in lieu of notice. \par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3284557 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid14119411\charrsid3284557 (ii)\tab Annual leave:- One (01) month\rquote s Gross pay in lieu of leave not taken. \par (iii)\tab Severance pay:-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid1013201\charrsid3284557 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid14119411\charrsid3284557 Two (02) months\rquote current Gross pay obtaining on the pay roll multiplied by the number of years worked to the maximum of twenty (20) years of service. \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid5137888\charrsid3284557 (iv)\tab Transport:- \par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3284557 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid5137888\charrsid3284557 (a) \tab Shs.3500= per kilometer from employment station to \par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi720\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid3284557 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid5137888\charrsid3284557 Employee\rquote s home District Headquarters. Then; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid14119411\charrsid3284557 \par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3284557 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid5137888\charrsid3284557 \tab (b)\tab A flat rate of shs.200,000= from the employees home }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid3431986\charrsid3284557 \par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li1440\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid3284557 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid5137888\charrsid3284557 District Headquarters to the rural home village (final destination).\'94}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid16592079\charrsid3284557 \par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3284557 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid16592079\charrsid3284557 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16592079\charrsid3284557 It is instructive to note that the applicant was not a Council employee who had been laid of. He had been dismissed and hence the challenge under }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid16592079\charrsid3284557 HCCS No. 216 of 2002}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16592079\charrsid3284557 . He was also not an employee who had voluntarily retired under that agreement. Nevertheless the parties agreed as they did and the matter ended the way it did. It is obviou s from the reading of Clause 4 above that the agreement did not provide for payment of pension. Likewise, the consent judgment made no provision for payment of pension to the applicant/plaintiff. Needless to say, what is in issue herein is payment of pe nsion. \par \par It is submitted by learned counsel }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13393017\charrsid3284557 for the respondent that a consent judgment is a compromise }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9503078\charrsid3284557 between the parties to settle the issues in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4066176\charrsid3284557 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9503078\charrsid3284557 n action; that this compromise supercedes the original claims of the parties; that a consent judgment is also a final, binding judgment in a case in which both parties agree, by stipulation, to a particular outcome. \par \par I agree with the above submission. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16592079\charrsid3284557 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9503078\charrsid3284557 It represents the law. The position could not have been expressed better tha}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4066176\charrsid3284557 n }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9503078\charrsid3284557 in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid9503078\charrsid3284557 Odgers\rquote Pleadings and Practice in Civil Actions (Edited by Giles F. Harwood) Universal Publishing 2000 at page 326 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid4066176\charrsid3284557 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9503078\charrsid3284557 which states: \par \'93 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid9503078\charrsid3284557 In}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9503078\charrsid3284557 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid9503078\charrsid3284557 all cases it should be appreciated that a compromise at trials involves two elements: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid5137888\charrsid3284557 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid3431986\charrsid3284557 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid9503078\charrsid3284557 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (i)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li1080\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar \jclisttab\tx1080\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls4\adjustright\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid3284557 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid9503078\charrsid3284557 it is a contract whereby new rights or immunities are created between the parties in substitution for and in consideration }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid1013201\charrsid3284557 of the abandonment of, former claims or contentions of either or both of the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid4066176\charrsid3284557 m}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid1013201\charrsid3284557 ;}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid9503078\charrsid3284557 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid1013201\charrsid3284557 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (ii)\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid1013201\charrsid3284557 it will ordinarily be necessary for the court to take some action agreed upon by the parties e.g. to give a judgment, make an order of discontinuance, etc.\'94 \par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3284557 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1013201\charrsid3284557 \par Clearly a consent judgment between the parties does present a resolution of dispute as between them. In the instant case it did and a decree was accordingly extracted by the parties in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid1013201\charrsid3284557 HCCS No.216 of 2002}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1013201\charrsid3284557 and signed by the Deputy Registrar on behalf of Trial Judge on 19}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \super\insrsid1013201\charrsid3284557 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1013201\charrsid3284557 May, 2003. Since pension was one of the claims in that suit and the parties decided that the matter ends as it did by virtue of the consent judgment and Decree extracted therefrom, the applicant abandoned that claim in preference to the terms in the consent judgment. \par In all these circumstances I am inclined to the view that though not expressly stated pension was covered by consent judgment. \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5732820\charrsid3284557 \par Issue No.2: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid5732820\charrsid3284557 Whether the procedure adopted by the applicant is proper. \par \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8735690\charrsid3284557 The applicant\rquote s grievance relates to alleged non-payment of pension to him. The compromise between the parties in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid8735690\charrsid3284557 HCCS NO. 216 of 2002}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8735690\charrsid3284557 did not expressly provide for payment of pension. It cannot, therefore, be said that in this action the applicant seeks to enforce the terms of the compromise. }{ \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5732820\charrsid3284557 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8735690\charrsid3284557 As learned counsel for the respondent has submitted, quite correctly in my view, judicial review presupposes a decision to be examined for possible quashing. By its very nature, the remedy of judicial review involves examination of a case second time by a higher court because the lower court (by whatever name called) or an administrative or public body }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4066176\charrsid3284557 has}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8735690\charrsid3284557 in the opinion of the aggrieved person acted wrongly. The applicant has not in the instant case placed before the court material that amounts to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15948009\charrsid3284557 a decision of a body that was mandated to determine a dispute which decision court can examine with a view to granting an appropriate relief. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12391202\charrsid3284557 In other words }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4066176\charrsid3284557 , there}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12391202\charrsid3284557 is no definite decision of an y inferior court, tribunal or other body or person carrying out quasi-judicial functions, engaged in the performance of public acts and/or duties which this court can sustain or quash. In these circumstances, the applicant cannot be said to have adopted a proper procedure.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8735690\charrsid3284557 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12391202\charrsid3284557 \par In the event that my above conclusion is wrong, which I doubt, I would note that the applicant p}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9834151\charrsid3284557 r}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12391202\charrsid3284557 ays for two orders of }{ \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid12391202\charrsid3284557 Mandamus: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12391202\charrsid3284557 first one, directing the Secretary District Service Commission, an organ of the respondent, to rescind the dismissal of the applicant and substitute therefor an order of retirement, and, second one, mandamus directing the respondent to include the applicant on the list of pensioners and to pay the applicant the pension due to him including all arrears from t he time of the effective date of his retirement. \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid12391202\charrsid3284557 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid5391657\charrsid3284557 Mandamus }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5391657\charrsid3284557 is a prerogative order for compelling performance of public duties. From the authorities, before the remedy can be granted, the applicant must show a clear legal right to have the thing sought by it done. It is a discretionary power, like all other prerogative powers, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4129465\charrsid3284557 which the courts will exercise only in suitable cases and withhold in others. It cannot be granted as a matter of course. A demand for performance must precede an application for mandamus and the demand must have been unequivocally refused. Se}{ \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4066176\charrsid3284557 e}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4129465\charrsid3284557 : }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid16612\charrsid3284557 The District Commissioner, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4129465\charrsid3284557 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid16612\charrsid3284557 Kiambu Vs R Ex parte Njau [1960] EA 109}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16612\charrsid3284557 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid12391202\charrsid3284557 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16612\charrsid3284557 \par From the above legal position, mandamus can only issue where the applicant has a legally enforceable right against the party to whom he seeks to have writ issued. In the instant case, whereas he seeks an order of mandamus against the Secretary, District Service Commission, he wants the order issued against the respondent. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8788408\charrsid3284557 I think this is superfluous. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16612\charrsid3284557 In any case he wants the Secretary to rescind the dismissal and substitute there}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2758938\charrsid3284557 for}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16612\charrsid3284557 an order of retirement. No such order of retirement exists anywhere. Likewise there is no order directing the respondent to include applicant on the list of pensioners and to pay the applicant pension dues }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15468868\charrsid3284557 which}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16612\charrsid3284557 the respondent has refused to obey to warrant }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15468868\charrsid3284557 issuance against them an order of mandamus. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16612\charrsid3284557 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15468868\charrsid3284557 It is plain to me that the applicant\rquote s pleadings do not demonstrate existence of a clear legally enforceable right against the respondent to whom he seeks to have the writ issued and when that right accrued to him for purposes of the limitation under Rules 5 (1) of the Judicature (Judicial Review) Rules, 2009. Under this rule an application for judicial review must be made promptly and in
any event within three (3) months from the date when the grounds in the application arose. In the instant case, the grounds in the application arose either in 2000 when the contract of employment was terminated or 2003 when the consent judgment was ente red. He would have to plead disability under the limitation Act or seek extension of time within which to file the application under the Judicature (Judicial Review) Rules, 2009. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10965529\charrsid3284557 In all these circumstances, it is plain to me that not only is the procedure adopted by the applicant improper but his cause of action, if any, appears from the pleadings to be barred by law. I would answer the 2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \super\insrsid10965529\charrsid3284557 nd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10965529\charrsid3284557 issue in the negative and the 4}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \super\insrsid10965529\charrsid3284557 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10965529\charrsid3284557 one in the affirmative and I do so. \par \par Issue No. 3: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid10965529\charrsid3284557 Whether applicant\rquote s cause is res judicata}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10965529\charrsid3284557 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15468868\charrsid3284557 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16612\charrsid3284557 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10965529\charrsid3284557 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid10965529\charrsid3284557 Res judicata }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10965529\charrsid3284557 [ Latin: a matter that has been decided] is a principle of law that when a matter has been finally adjudicated upon by a court of competent jurisdiction, it may not be re-opened or challenged by the original parties or their successors in interest. It is also known as }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid10965529\charrsid3284557 action estoppel. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10965529\charrsid3284557 It do}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2758938\charrsid3284557 e}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10965529\charrsid3284557 s not preclude an appeal or a challenge as t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2758938\charrsid3284557 o}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10965529\charrsid3284557 the jurisdiction of the court. Its justification is the need for finality in litigation. \par Section 7 of the Civil Procedure Act }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13388603\charrsid3284557 (Cap 71) provides, inter alia, that no court shall try any suit in which a matter directly and substantially }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2758938\charrsid3284557 was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13388603\charrsid3284557 in issue in a former suit between the same parties.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10965529\charrsid3284557 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4394676\charrsid3284557 In determining whether or not a suit is barred by res judicata, the test is whether the plaintiff in th e second suit is trying to bring in court in another way in form of a new cause of action a transaction which has already been presented before court of competent jurisdiction in earlier proceedings and which has been adjudicated upon. If this is }{ \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2758938\charrsid3284557 answered }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4394676\charrsid3284557 affirmatively, the plea of res judicata will apply. See: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid4394676\charrsid3284557 Semakula Vs Mugala & Others [1979] HCB 90. \par \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4394676\charrsid3284557 Applying the above principle to the instant suit, the applicant instituted }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid4394676\charrsid3284557 HCCS No. 216 of 2002}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4394676\charrsid3284557 claiming, inter alia, payment of terminal benefits and pension. The respondent denied the applicant\rquote s claim. As already explained above, the case did not go for full hearing. A consent judgment was entered by the parties finally disposing of the matter. Seven years later, the applicant has come up with th is application in which he seeks, inter alia, a declaration that h}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2758938\charrsid3284557 e}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4394676\charrsid3284557 is entitled to be paid pension by the respondent. }{ \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid13388603\charrsid3284557 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4394676\charrsid3284557 \par Learned counsel for the respondent has submitted that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2758938\charrsid3284557 t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4394676\charrsid3284557 he matters herein are the same ma}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2758938\charrsid3284557 t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4394676\charrsid3284557 ters that were presented to court and on which judgment has been pronounced}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7690422\charrsid3284557 ; that the}{ \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4394676\charrsid3284557 matter is therefore res judicata. \par I have accepted this submission. The law }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7690422\charrsid3284557 is clearly on the respondent\rquote s side. In my view the evidence adduced by the applicant in the affidavit in support of the application an d the circumstances surrounding the consent judgment do not support the prayers herein. What the applicant is indirectly praying for in the instant application is an order to set aside the consent judgment or else vary its terms. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4394676\charrsid3284557 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7690422\charrsid3284557 \par Setting aside a consent judgment is not a simple task. The reason is not difficult to discern. It is to be found in the rule of Sanctity of contracts. Courts }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2758938\charrsid3284557 are very reluctant to interfere }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7690422\charrsid3284557 with agreements or contracts freely entered into by the parties. There are several authorities on this point and if any is required, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid7690422\charrsid3284557 Brooke Bond Liebig (T) Ltd Vs Mallya [1975] EA 2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid2758938\charrsid3284557 6}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid7690422\charrsid3284557 6 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7690422\charrsid3284557 is a good example. The court held in that case that consent judgment may only be set aside for fraud, collusion or for any reason which would enable court to set aside an agreement. \par And in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid7690422\charrsid3284557 Hirani Vs Kassam (1952) EACA 133 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7690422\charrsid3284557 The Court of Appeal for Eastern Africa held: \par \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid7690422\charrsid3284557 Prima facie, any order made in the presence and with consent of counsel is binding on all parties to the proceedings or action\'85\'85..and cannot b}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid2758938\charrsid3284557 e}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid7690422\charrsid3284557 varied or discharged unless obtained by fraud or collusion, or by agreement contrary to the policy of the court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid9730959\charrsid3284557 \'85\'85or if consent was given }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid7690422\charrsid3284557 without sufficient mat}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid9730959\charrsid3284557 e}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid7690422\charrsid3284557 rial }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid9730959\charrsid3284557 facts or in misapprehension or in ignorance of material facts, or in general, for a rea son which would enable the court to set aside an agreement\'94.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid7690422\charrsid3284557 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid9730959\charrsid3284557 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2758938\charrsid3284557 It }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9730959\charrsid3284557 is my considered opinion that since consent judgment in HCCS No. 216 of 2002 is enforceable i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2758938\charrsid3284557 n}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9730959\charrsid3284557 ter partes}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid6947877\charrsid3284557 , until}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9730959\charrsid3284557 court declares it to be illegal or otherwise unenforceable, the applicant cann ot go round it in the manner he has done herein. The consent judgment did not provide for payment of pension. If in the course of time the applicant has realized that all that he wished the consent judgment to include was not included, it was up to him to seek the respondent\rquote s consent to review it or else file a fresh suit for appropriate rel}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid2758938\charrsid3284557 i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9730959\charrsid3284557 efs. I am inclined to the view that the instant application for judicial review}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid11760106\charrsid3284557 is not and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9730959\charrsid3284557 cannot be any such fresh suit. I would also agree with the submission of learned counsel for the respondent that this matter is res judicata. \par \par Finally, learned counsel for the applicant has submitted that the application is grounded on the provision of Article 254 of the Constitution which provides that: \par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9730959\charrsid3284557 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (i)\tab}}\pard \ltrpar\qj \fi-720\li1080\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar \jclisttab\tx1080\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls5\adjustright\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid3284557 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid9730959\charrsid3284557 a public officer sha ll on retirement receive such pension as is commensurate with his/her rank salary and length of service. \par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9730959\charrsid3284557 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (ii)\tab} The pension payable to any person shall be exempt from tax and shall be subject to periodic review to take account of changes in the value of money.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9730959\charrsid3284557 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\ltrpar \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9730959\charrsid3284557 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (iii)\tab}}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid9730959\charrsid3284557 Th e payment of pension shall be prompt and regular and easily accessible. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9730959\charrsid3284557 \par }\pard \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3284557 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8735690\charrsid3284557 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid277108\charrsid3284557 I think it is not in dispute that the Constitution provides so. However, this argument is neither derived from the notice of Motion nor from the applicant\rquote s affidavit in support of his application. As the line up of issues for determination shows, it is not even among the issues for determination. The rule has long been established that a party is expected and is bound to prove the case as alleged by him and as covered in the issues framed. He will not be allowed at the trial to change his case or set up a case inconsistent with what he alleged in his pleadings except by way of amendment of pleadings: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid277108\charrsid3284557 Inter freight Forwarders (U) Ltd Vs EADB [1994 \endash 95) HCB 54.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid277108\charrsid3284557 In my view this argument about the applicant\rquote s claim being grounded on the provisions of the Constitution is, with due respect to the applicant, intended to re-open }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid277108\charrsid3284557 HCCS No. 216 of 2002,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid277108\charrsid3284557 which is not the purpose of judicial review. \par \par In the premises and for the reasons I have endeavoured to give herein above, I have found no valid reasons to allow this application. I would disallow it with costs to the respondent and I so order. \par \par Dated }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9660141\charrsid3284557 at Kampala this}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3284557 3}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \super\insrsid3284557\charrsid3284557 rd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid3284557 day of November}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid277108\charrsid3284557 2010. \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9660141\charrsid3284557 \par \par \par Yorokamu Bamwine \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid9660141\charrsid3284557 JUDGE \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid277108\charrsid3284557 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid277108\charrsid3284557 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8735690\charrsid3284557 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid1013201\charrsid3284557 \par }{\*\themedata 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