Joesph Masaiti Chilanda and Anor v People (Appeal Nos. 107 & 106 of 1987) [1989] ZMSC 141 (12 October 1989)

0v O· , __ r . ;.,n·:·-·.• ~ .~vlrln.~·: .... ?a w.-_i!~·-f1fYt ·~tFl~·.r:ri ts ·'to h!i· :. ,,.::· .. :, t}1 ... ~f: ~.-~., , ' ' NJpe!Jants ' ··. JOSEPH MASAITI CHILANDA ' , ' ,' CHRISTOPHER :MWANSA'' OLDFIELD" (','fl. rtEill(;k. n:,,,r•i'.'&."' '' ,.,:,, t', .. :J s;•;:,l,,·ncily::,s,Uested !t:~rilf in thaf&.i:t:~ff ,,· . ,. ,, ' ~' •lhl-:/'''''•· ::" '' ' •i' 1,1,n. ·,:,,;;;1,:Jc,,, ,HTH£i'PEOPLEJ0 _i.c;e 0,1,C"11 rc~))!lfResp(ltldent··. ·. Ngulube, D. C~J./'i'Gardn~r; 1\j.s~';' a'ri<J11:Bw~upe';''Ag-:'J:s:n,hc.:l l'' ~ .. ,. ,. ' ' ,, CORAM: · • ·· ', ... , ... ,,, ·12ih 0ctobfir:"19aa' 0 ''•: ,.,, N. S. Simango, ·Legal· Aid Counsel; for''the1 appellants111'· t,i th F . N.· Mwifnga. · Director of Public Prosecutions, for the arespondent '".·. ;1 !•_.'.• 1'!-i ~;\.'(.t,,'.~,<1\I.,.".,;; ;:,J J,c·«U,1,::! lh•u,;G~;:i"tM.,~i;ilhar N~spite Mr~ fihr,c,,rigois' · ! t· ,,,, i.,,lAW J"""'~"'""'"' H . .,.,.- . .,-,~1-·•"'~.,, i;tnft,r;iry.. : · . . : ,..,,.y (ll.~ · ,· , .. ;.• · · .: , .. ·:' ,· -: ,~ Gardner, J. S. delivered the jud~t of the court. ~,,,, :,. --,·,Nf IJH'l'r.tor of f'voHr. ·Pt'l,~cutlons has ,Wll'Y · ', · :•"rh.~ .. aP,~.1~,r~f,.~er~,.~oA~15f,~~ ~t1-a~~/)9~g~a~e~!~,:r9~Rery;. th~ _par~icuiars. of-~~~- ~ff~~~ef~~i~p~,tnaFo~H~f :, R~tSn!vS~n9fl~ day __ of_ ~ct~ber, .1.9~~,at, t~s~,~~ ~~iist,ifSt!,~qpii~e1oe~;1~9di.,~~!,ng ' arnted ~it~. a f!rea~m ,~id ~te,.h~ \~9~Hr,:~-~~t9i~,{~9/n:N~,d~~~ 0. L. Yn.11,u, and at the time of such stealing did use actual vfolenc,e. ' . ' ' ' ' . ·. '•. ··:,,. Thf!!,. f ac.~s :?t lt~-~ ,,ci~~ l~~, ,,t~}~l,iJtq, iPqTP,At!n,,Q,~ i~ll.~ ~,rlrt~}ld ,, were _held up In t,h7:i.r,,mo~qf,,P~r ~Y. ... tl'{ql~~nf~~Pl~~lnta~~'~ed them ' with'~' ff rear~J~~-r~t9J~. {l,9~,;t~,t~Jn,. iot9Friv,l't.1cn for r<J.::eh•ing • Th~' prq~~S~1HP?, ,,~,V ~1,nn~, \~, \~l~H1~1rPiot'l~1:P~nr,~ c~J. OIJ,1!f~~. ' ', ' to , t~~" e~f~qt ,th~\ ~.fl~n !~~~ 1',<Ib~err t\~,~ ~~cqr.<t ~R~E!},l~,nt.;!!f,1;~~!!h · on~ ~~u~ t~ok th~ '~~ol.~[1 x~Jii<;}~1 \R,.l~r},,WR,1q_l~~~ jh.im ~9wtin1,J<!il1 a ,~~e~. f~r),t_.,,,,,P~i 3r ,~fd,:~(J.~ ... ~JWi'n8lt'im~'b·iid~r,. K~fJA~1:f::PP and · pa~a,de, -~~s, ,~?,~di f~,t. ~~l,c~l r(~f ,p[~~?fUJifJ>Jl:~-~ll~~~;)tfW.·Je.,W~~,U,l\~~Jp,, to ~ e,ntt,f.r,_ a~.y of. t~~ f~,sP:f,\t,in 1P,1ar,~~e 0~4t,;;!lt l~iYl t9,;;.1~,~.r:i,H,fY • .. a_ 1~!'1,~~r . J~C.k~_t.,i:tni,9~ P,e. [!:~9~Af ~~~i'<,sr n,~Mgt)~,~qi!f~r11rbti,9"~;r:;(4- of the assailants. PW.2 was able to identify, the second appellant. When the first appelalnt was arrested he was found to be wearing a pair of., shoes which were'lident1fied;by,;PW!2tas'ihaving1been\vnli stolen frgm him at·theo.time•of;;tha•1robbery.convictions quashed •. , n,,, sr,ni0nc,f, s~it "~ld"', , •••• ~r,~,-~f~~ngo\ or1 ~~~aJt0Bf 1t~! ,!PP,,~. U4.~~fona~,a~rg!;f~8i f~~t ,toiNI ln th~fr- placa., we subst,H:ute in the,., ,1 d,E1f!ti f,1 c.a~i on,' o.f, -~.he,.~on(J'. eRP9.,1: If!;!! --~afo u9~~}!,;t,~~1:orrti; in that at the time of the robbery PW.2 did not have an adequate -.,' , ' , •; C • < I ' ••• /J2-oppi>rturitty • - . i ' ' ·; .. ,.,, • , ·l 11 " ' 'I ,_ . •, ,-. " . " V•a.l . • ~ ~ "' .; .. • • ~ ·a -. I> -, ,, ,, ., ,. .• _., r•>:1C•ll'f'' ~) .. ,,.. ' 'I! l'j!<>'!: ·)"~•r,,•,: ... l.11 ~~ In any event, if his evidence ne!lded opportunity to observe ,th11t app_eUa1:rt;. hsln.,f,ac:t,.,t~at '. Pl19~~~,4t1on .. '. witness was cross-examined in some. detiii.l::an<! Jt tis, qui t.e tC.l~Af from the record, and this was accepte~_,bY. Jhe)~.a.rni4-,~1'..il!l,)riitit1•• •· commissioner, .that his evidence_J'I/S!i 111~.t ,.shak_en.1~t1..t,P.,:h.l.s \!J,35. · · ,, opportunity to observe. corroboration, that evidence manifested itself in the fact that- • · at the identification parade the police officer responsible for conducting the parade said that the lumber jacket recognl.sed . by PW.1 was seen to have been given by the second Appellant · · to his younger brother who was standlng.tontthe line in the. ': . .. . ,. ·. ' , ' .•,.· ;,:,,C'•· ~.-l•i .... · : : ;X_\ :\\i'":tf.l1~1/tirw:i~~/i}:: same parade• . - . · . ,.): ·.· .. ;·:\~-\::,'.{_:):;;/\1~(?}1:iI~fl.fI{\f. . In our view the evidence as to this )acket was properlt'.t1'.t}(;::\)._i,>, . , .; :"j;"'.\;:/;,f( •·· · ?lWtit:f1tii· ~tiunr_ ~1uo:~~ ,: _1'.• __ ·,:)/1·.:·::'/'.,!J.\~j;}'.:}~f:t}ii~~:':;li' The learned Diuector of Publ le Prosecutions· h_as rerr;<'j;j:'. J~:}N:i\{;i/',· properly indicated that h.e does not support a convictio,:i c':/::';i(IY. , ·· of either of the appellants for armed robbery because ther!!..'.,:,).\ · · . " :··.:, --~/~. '.. was no evidence that the gun they were ,alleged ·.to .have Used>.;,;· > . '··. ' was a firearm within the defini}l~qif?~~-'fn~a t~iu!~e.tJr.~,arm!.; ;, > :: r;/11.i/\{[i\l'tI/;;;il Mr. Mwllnga has also very properly indicated that·t,e.goef::.::•:. ;' · · · · · , ,:, . , accepted by the learned trial conmlssloner despite Mr. Slmango_•sc:}: arguments to the contrary. · · · · not support the conviction of the first appellant for. aggravated robbery but would support a conviction for receJyjng.. \/ -.... .'.-- --,-.,·_: :--:(>:·~\t:~r/:/)_\,'._( Mr. Simango has argued in relation to the pail''of shoes:·•'J;'·;,,>:'i., B .. L Zlrt1n1.w . . . . . . fl.,,.,"~ K.*.'?."1\1/jl.,'l:,j', • <•1 . . '. ; . ... . · Act. . . . . .. -_: :·._::j'.'· :'>.- V _ 1•,,.-1.,...~•':'l~ :,-.;-::;' -::··,! '•'', . ··. . . ' >- ":• •t 1t .. ,0 .. -, ~ . . . . . . • - -·:-:. \ . . . . , . . ; · ." . .' ••;•: : , · . ,-:, • • '. • . . · ' ' , /, found on the 1st appell_~t at the time_cif his arrest; tttat.ttt,\;::: · id_ent1flcat1on thereof by PW.2 was unsatisfactory~ ·· Here ~g~{n'.< , we have considered the cross-examination of that witness· and '7,!z .... ·. it is clear that alth_ough he was cross-examined very skilfully: ·. :: an.d in depth he was not shaken in his evidence that the shoes'-' .. : · · did in fact belong to him and were stolen from him at the time··. · '.',' ... ,'·•,','\'"/;') ,c,;,,:- ,' -~- ;,', ... )_ • _·, • ! • I . ', . , ' - - • i • • for aggravated robbery are allowed, the convictions quashed~ The sentences set aside. respect of the first appellant a conviction for receiving 's1:olen : property and sentence him to three years in prisonment wi,th · .... In their place we substitute in ••• /J3hard,. ' O,u - J3 •·.;t ·:., ,,,.,- .,.,,, .• " " --,;,?Jr, ,f;··.:. J.~-r't _)-·if(! ,.,. ·•••••-•w;.. ,- ••••·,-.-r,,. ,, .,. , ,,,, hard labour COflsecutive to any sentence he may now be serving.· In respect of.,the secoryd appellant we subsit!tute a conviction' for aggravated robbery and sentence him to fifteen years'iilprison ment with hard labour with, eff,ect fromrthe 11th August, :,19ss;rt,;1t1: . Uf>, \ 1-:~,\lLk $.''.~~ht!:~:1 (ti p.::rf~ iE ,· -·· ,., -:,1/,:~-,. , · · ,,,v,-.,,.,,,1,, ;,.,.,,. tt11·ff•.a,t'·r· ---•M·• f~+' ''l.i.:-;.;;,.,..,.':'(....,,,.j. ~,•.,•-'='"'••• ........ ,...,_ • ._. __ .,,..-. .,. .... . . _ . . , . . ._~~ · ·- _·, -HI\J_O .~-"'"' . ' . t_'-> -.-: _1,,li . . . '··: :. - ., .• .'· F~:~;;t -~~, i~ ;:· h~'l-cyJ1~--ii •. -Fifa .. ~-t-1t-'~~~1;rp:t:; .1-1-,··~~:. "" l~Wl : , ·.~td'\,~1;.; .. :,.-r>.- .•••• }.':·:!~2 !-~t}Y}!:r".· •• i.~\j5t .. '~}}{:\&\)'.'(:\ t·:>:,•_i:,.:_· ) RE~~TX,,,~H,}E~,,JU_S~~9. 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