Kimumwe Patrick v Uganda (Criminal Appeal No. 139/2003) [2010] UGCA 11 (3 May 2010)

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)}}{\*\pnseclvl6\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl7\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl8 \pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl9\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\pard\plain \qc \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10490204 \f1\fs28\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid5129082\charrsid10490204 THE REPUBLIC OF UGANDA \par \par IN THE COURT OF APPEAL OF UGANDA \par \par AT KAMPALA. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10490204 {\b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid5129082\charrsid10490204 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10490204 {\b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid5129082\charrsid10490204 CRIMINAL APPEAL N0. 139/2003 \par \par \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10490204 {\b\f0\fs24\insrsid5129082\charrsid10490204 KIMUMWE PATRICK :::::::::::::}{\b\f0\fs24\insrsid14702421\charrsid10490204 :::::::::::::::::::::::: }{\b\f0\fs24\insrsid5129082\charrsid10490204 :APPELLANT \par \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10490204 {\b\f0\fs24\insrsid5129082\charrsid10490204 VS \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10490204 {\b\f0\fs24\insrsid5129082\charrsid10490204 UGANDA ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::}{\b\f0\fs24\insrsid14702421\charrsid10490204 ::::::::}{\b\f0\fs24\insrsid5129082\charrsid10490204 RESPONDENT \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10490204 {\b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid5129082\charrsid10490204 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10490204 {\b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid5129082\charrsid10490204 \par Coram}{\b\f0\fs24\insrsid5129082\charrsid10490204 \tab Hon Justice S. G. Engwau, JA}{\b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid5129082\charrsid10490204 \par }\pard \ql \fi720\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10490204 {\b\f0\fs24\insrsid5129082\charrsid10490204 Hon Justice A. Twinomujuni, JA \par Hon Justice A. S. Nshimye, JA \par }{\f0\fs24\insrsid5129082\charrsid10490204 \par \par }\pard \qc \fi720\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10490204 {\b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid14702421\charrsid10490204 JUDGMENT OF THE COURT}{\b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid5129082\charrsid10490204 \par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10490204 {\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid5129082\charrsid10490204 \par }{\f0\fs24\insrsid5129082\charrsid10490204 The appellant wa}{\f0\fs24\insrsid7799367\charrsid10490204 s originally indicated for aggravated}{\f0\fs24\insrsid5129082\charrsid10490204 robbery c}{\f0\fs24\insrsid12608818\charrsid10490204 /s 272 and 273(2) of the Penal C}{\f0\fs24\insrsid5129082\charrsid10490204 ode}{\f0\fs24\insrsid12608818\charrsid10490204 Act}{\f0\fs24\insrsid5129082\charrsid10490204 . However the trial judge found him guilty of a lesser charge of simple robbery c/s 272 and 273(1) (b) of the Penal}{\f0\fs24\insrsid7799367\charrsid10490204 C}{\f0\fs24\insrsid5129082\charrsid10490204 ode and sentenced him to 14 years imprisonment and ordered him to pay compensation}{ \f0\fs24\insrsid1845017\charrsid10490204 to the complaint}{\f0\fs24\insrsid5129082\charrsid10490204 of shs 500,000/=.}{\f0\fs24\insrsid14702421\charrsid10490204 \par \par }{\b\f0\fs24\insrsid5129082\charrsid10490204 The brief facts as accepted by the trial court were as follows: \par }{\f0\fs24\insrsid5129082\charrsid10490204 The appellant Kimumwe }{\f0\fs24\insrsid7799367\charrsid10490204 Patrick}{\f0\fs24\insrsid5129082\charrsid10490204 also known}{\f0\fs24\insrsid7799367\charrsid10490204 as Kazungu John and other}{ \f0\fs24\insrsid5129082\charrsid10490204 s on 20}{\f0\fs24\super\insrsid5129082\charrsid10490204 th}{\f0\fs24\insrsid5129082\charrsid10490204 November 2000 at Minister village, Martyrs way Ntinda, Nakawa division}{ \f0\fs24\insrsid1845017\charrsid10490204 ,}{\f0\fs24\insrsid5129082\charrsid10490204 robbed Lucy Kenkwanzi, a lady whose premises he was guarding}{\f0\fs24\insrsid2759299\charrsid10490204 ,}{\f0\fs24\insrsid5129082\charrsid10490204 of two motor vehicles Reg. N0}{\f0\fs24\insrsid7799367\charrsid10490204 . 303 UEC RAV}{\f0\fs24\insrsid5129082\charrsid10490204 4 green in }{\f0\fs24\insrsid7799367\charrsid10490204 colour}{\f0\fs24\insrsid5129082\charrsid10490204 , UAB 424 }{ \f0\fs24\insrsid7799367\charrsid10490204 R Toyota corolla FX Black in co}{\f0\fs24\insrsid2759299\charrsid10490204 lour. They }{\f0\fs24\insrsid5129082\charrsid10490204 al}{\f0\fs24\insrsid7799367\charrsid10490204 so stole one Sony Television 21inches,}{ \f0\fs24\insrsid5129082\charrsid10490204 a sharp video Deck, one multi choice Decoder, one compact}{\f0\fs24\insrsid7799367\charrsid10490204 computer, t}{\f0\fs24\insrsid5129082\charrsid10490204 w}{\f0\fs24\insrsid7799367\charrsid10490204 o}{ \f0\fs24\insrsid5129082\charrsid10490204 AIWA music systems}{\f0\fs24\insrsid7799367\charrsid10490204 , one S}{\f0\fs24\insrsid5129082\charrsid10490204 harp }{\f0\fs24\insrsid7799367\charrsid10490204 M}{\f0\fs24\insrsid5129082\charrsid10490204 usic }{ \f0\fs24\insrsid7799367\charrsid10490204 S}{\f0\fs24\insrsid5129082\charrsid10490204 ystem, one grey lady bag, several pairs of ladies shoes, one carpet, cash shs 20,000/= plus jewelry worth 4,000,000/=}{\f0\fs24\insrsid16655791\charrsid10490204 and at/} {\f0\fs24\insrsid11546305\charrsid10490204 or immediately before or immediately after the said robbery used a}{\f0\fs24\insrsid16655791\charrsid10490204 deadly}{\f0\fs24\insrsid11546305\charrsid10490204 weapon }{\f0\fs24\insrsid2321523\charrsid10490204 to wit}{\f0\fs24\insrsid11546305\charrsid10490204 a gun on the said Lucy Kenkwanzi. The appellant disappeared f}{\f0\fs24\insrsid16655791\charrsid10490204 ro}{\f0\fs24\insrsid11546305\charrsid10490204 m }{\f0\fs24\insrsid2759299\charrsid10490204 his }{ \f0\fs24\insrsid11546305\charrsid10490204 guard }{\f0\fs24\insrsid2759299\charrsid10490204 place }{\f0\fs24\insrsid11546305\charrsid10490204 with the robbers and shifted from his known place of residence at Kinawataka.}{ \f0\fs24\insrsid5129082\charrsid10490204 \par }{\f0\fs24\insrsid11546305\charrsid10490204 \par The police found him in Kawempe Division and arrested him. He made a charge and caution statement in which he confessed to the commission of the crime and implicated others. I n his defence he stated that he was attacked by robbers who rendered him senseless}{\f0\fs24\insrsid2759299\charrsid10490204 .}{\f0\fs24\insrsid11546305\charrsid10490204 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid2759299\charrsid10490204 T}{ \f0\fs24\insrsid11546305\charrsid10490204 he following day, he found himself tied to an electric pole in Bugolobi, implying that he did not participate in the robbery. For reasons given by the trial }{\f0\fs24\insrsid2759299\charrsid10490204 judge, his defence was rejected, hence his appeal to this Court }{\f0\fs24\insrsid11546305\charrsid10490204 against both conviction and sentence. \par \par Through his }{\f0\fs24\insrsid16655791\charrsid10490204 counsel,}{\f0\fs24\insrsid11546305\charrsid10490204 he raised three grounds of appeal. \par \par {\listtext\pard\plain\b\i\insrsid11546305\charrsid10490204 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 1.\tab}}\pard \qj \fi-360\li1440\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx1440\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10490204 { \b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid11546305\charrsid10490204 The learned trial judge erred in law and fact in finding that the offence of simple robbery had }{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid2321523\charrsid10490204 been proved}{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid11546305\charrsid10490204 be yond reasonable doubt against }{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid14712398\charrsid10490204 t}{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid11546305\charrsid10490204 he appellant. \par }\pard \qj \li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10490204 {\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid16018733\charrsid10490204 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\b\i\insrsid11546305\charrsid10490204 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 2.\tab}}\pard \qj \fi-360\li1440\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx1440\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10490204 { \b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid11546305\charrsid10490204 The learned }{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid16018733\charrsid10490204 trial}{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid11546305\charrsid10490204 judge e}{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid14712398\charrsid10490204 rred in law and fact in rejecting}{ \b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid11546305\charrsid10490204 the appellant\rquote s defence}{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid16018733\charrsid10490204 and convicted}{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid11546305\charrsid10490204 the appellant on }{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid16018733\charrsid10490204 unreliable}{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid11546305\charrsid10490204 , }{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid16018733\charrsid10490204 contradicting,}{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid11546305\charrsid10490204 }{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid16018733\charrsid10490204 inadequate}{ \b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid11546305\charrsid10490204 }{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid16018733\charrsid10490204 uncorroborated}{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid11546305\charrsid10490204 }{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid16018733\charrsid10490204 prosecution}{ \b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid11546305\charrsid10490204 evidence. \par }\pard \qj \li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10490204 {\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid16018733\charrsid10490204 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\b\i\insrsid11546305\charrsid10490204 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 3.\tab}}\pard \qj \fi-360\li1440\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx1440\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10490204 { \b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid11546305\charrsid10490204 The learned trial judge erred in law and fact when he passed an excessive}{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid16018733\charrsid10490204 sentence}{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid11546305\charrsid10490204 and harsh order}{ \b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid14712398\charrsid10490204 s}{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid11546305\charrsid10490204 in the circumstances against the appellant}{\f0\fs24\insrsid11546305\charrsid10490204 . \par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10490204 {\f0\fs24\insrsid16018733\charrsid10490204 \par During the hearing of the appeal, Mrs Kasande- Mulangira appeared for the appella}{\f0\fs24\insrsid15169632\charrsid10490204 nt on state brief while Mr. Alul}{\f0\fs24\insrsid16018733\charrsid10490204 e}{\f0\fs24\insrsid15169632\charrsid10490204 Gilbert, Principal State Attorney }{\f0\fs24\insrsid16018733\charrsid10490204 appeared for the respondent. \par \par Counsel for the appell}{\f0\fs24\insrsid14712398\charrsid10490204 an}{\f0\fs24\insrsid2759299\charrsid10490204 t preferred to argue grounds 1 and 2 together and ground 3}{\f0\fs24\insrsid16018733\charrsid10490204 separately. \par \par }{\f0\fs24\insrsid2321523\charrsid10490204 Sh}{\f0\fs24\insrsid16018733\charrsid10490204 e submitted that the learned judge erred,}{\f0\fs24\insrsid14712398\charrsid10490204 because there was no sufficient}{\f0\fs24\insrsid16018733\charrsid10490204 evidence to sustain a conviction on simple robbery. It was }{\f0\fs24\insrsid14712398\charrsid10490204 not}{\f0\fs24\insrsid16018733\charrsid10490204 disputed that property }{\f0\fs24\insrsid14712398\charrsid10490204 was stolen and violence was use}{ \f0\fs24\insrsid16018733\charrsid10490204 d}{\f0\fs24\insrsid14712398\charrsid10490204 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid16018733\charrsid10490204 but his client who was on }{\f0\fs24\insrsid14712398\charrsid10490204 guard}{\f0\fs24\insrsid16018733\charrsid10490204 duty was disabled by robbers. It was therefore wrong for the trial judge to }{\f0\fs24\insrsid14712398\charrsid10490204 ignore}{\f0\fs24\insrsid16018733\charrsid10490204 the}{\f0\fs24\insrsid14712398\charrsid10490204 }{ \f0\fs24\insrsid16018733\charrsid10490204 defence of the appellant }{\f0\fs24\insrsid4150699\charrsid10490204 that}{\f0\fs24\insrsid16018733\charrsid10490204 he did not participate }{\f0\fs24\insrsid4150699\charrsid10490204 i}{ \f0\fs24\insrsid16018733\charrsid10490204 n}{\f0\fs24\insrsid4150699\charrsid10490204 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid16018733\charrsid10490204 the robbery. For }{\f0\fs24\insrsid4150699\charrsid10490204 example}{\f0\fs24\insrsid16018733\charrsid10490204 even P. W. 5 and P. W.6 said in}{\f0\fs24\insrsid4150699\charrsid10490204 their testimonies that the}{\f0\fs24\insrsid16018733\charrsid10490204 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid4150699\charrsid10490204 appellant}{\f0\fs24\insrsid16018733\charrsid10490204 was not one of the people who entered. The fact }{\f0\fs24\insrsid4150699\charrsid10490204 that}{\f0\fs24\insrsid16018733\charrsid10490204 he was unco}{\f0\fs24\insrsid4150699\charrsid10490204 nscious would have been resolve}{ \f0\fs24\insrsid16018733\charrsid10490204 d}{\f0\fs24\insrsid4150699\charrsid10490204 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid16018733\charrsid10490204 in his favour. With regard to }{\f0\fs24\insrsid4150699\charrsid10490204 property}{ \f0\fs24\insrsid16018733\charrsid10490204 which was found in the appellant\rquote s house and recognized to be part }{\f0\fs24\insrsid4150699\charrsid10490204 of}{\f0\fs24\insrsid16018733\charrsid10490204 the stolen property, counsel }{ \f0\fs24\insrsid4150699\charrsid10490204 argued}{\f0\fs24\insrsid16018733\charrsid10490204 that the }{\f0\fs24\insrsid4150699\charrsid10490204 appellant}{\f0\fs24\insrsid16018733\charrsid10490204 was not present when it was recovered. \par \par Secondly one Mbabazi said to have been the }{\f0\fs24\insrsid4150699\charrsid10490204 wife and present}{\f0\fs24\insrsid16018733\charrsid10490204 when the }{\f0\fs24\insrsid4150699\charrsid10490204 property}{\f0\fs24\insrsid16018733\charrsid10490204 was recovered was not }{\f0\fs24\insrsid4150699\charrsid10490204 called}{\f0\fs24\insrsid16018733\charrsid10490204 . It was }{\f0\fs24\insrsid4150699\charrsid10490204 also}{\f0\fs24\insrsid16018733\charrsid10490204 not proved }{ \f0\fs24\insrsid4150699\charrsid10490204 that}{\f0\fs24\insrsid16018733\charrsid10490204 the ho}{\f0\fs24\insrsid4150699\charrsid10490204 use where the property was fo}{\f0\fs24\insrsid16018733\charrsid10490204 und }{ \f0\fs24\insrsid4150699\charrsid10490204 belonged or}{\f0\fs24\insrsid16018733\charrsid10490204 was hired by the appellant. \par \par In evaluating the evidence}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3635112\charrsid10490204 of a confession, counsel urge}{\f0\fs24\insrsid291336\charrsid10490204 d}{\f0\fs24\insrsid16018733\charrsid10490204 us to consciously bear in mind that it was watered down by his unconsciousness}{\f0\fs24\insrsid291336\charrsid10490204 .}{\f0\fs24\insrsid16018733\charrsid10490204 \par \par }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3635112\charrsid10490204 On the third ground, c}{\f0\fs24\insrsid16018733\charrsid10490204 ounsel submitted that the sentence }{\f0\fs24\insrsid2759299\charrsid10490204 of 14 years was harsh though }{ \f0\fs24\insrsid7815982\charrsid10490204 legal. The judge}{\f0\fs24\insrsid4150699\charrsid10490204 made othe}{\f0\fs24\insrsid7815982\charrsid10490204 r}{\f0\fs24\insrsid4150699\charrsid10490204 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid7815982\charrsid10490204 order}{ \f0\fs24\insrsid4150699\charrsid10490204 s wi}{\f0\fs24\insrsid7815982\charrsid10490204 thout giving supporting reasons.}{\f0\fs24\insrsid291336\charrsid10490204 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid7815982\charrsid10490204 She prayed that the appeal }{ \f0\fs24\insrsid4150699\charrsid10490204 of }{\f0\fs24\insrsid7815982\charrsid10490204 her client be allowed, conviction quashed and sentence and other order}{\f0\fs24\insrsid4150699\charrsid10490204 s}{\f0\fs24\insrsid7815982\charrsid10490204 be set asi de. \par \par }{\b\f0\fs24\insrsid7815982\charrsid10490204 In reply}{\f0\fs24\insrsid15169632\charrsid10490204 Mr. Alul}{\f0\fs24\insrsid7815982\charrsid10490204 e opposed the appeal and supported the conviction}{\f0\fs24\insrsid4150699\charrsid10490204 and sentence} {\f0\fs24\insrsid7815982\charrsid10490204 . He referred us to the page 6-7 of }{\f0\fs24\insrsid291336\charrsid10490204 the judgment}{\f0\fs24\insrsid7815982\charrsid10490204 in }{\f0\fs24\insrsid4150699\charrsid10490204 which}{ \f0\fs24\insrsid291336\charrsid10490204 the trial judge addressed }{\f0\fs24\insrsid7815982\charrsid10490204 the issues}{\f0\fs24\insrsid4150699\charrsid10490204 of}{\f0\fs24\insrsid7815982\charrsid10490204 participation and identification. The judge also dealt with the issue of a single identifying witness. The appellant was a guard in that }{\f0\fs24\insrsid4150699\charrsid10490204 place and}{\f0\fs24\insrsid7815982\charrsid10490204 }{ \f0\fs24\insrsid291336\charrsid10490204 was }{\f0\fs24\insrsid7815982\charrsid10490204 known }{\f0\fs24\insrsid291336\charrsid10490204 by the witnesses }{\f0\fs24\insrsid7815982\charrsid10490204 very well. \par \par The trial judge }{\f0\fs24\insrsid4150699\charrsid10490204 also}{\f0\fs24\insrsid7815982\charrsid10490204 conside}{\f0\fs24\insrsid291336\charrsid10490204 red and looked for corroborating}{\f0\fs24\insrsid7815982\charrsid10490204 evidence to that of a single witness. The appellant disappeared f}{\f0\fs24\insrsid4150699\charrsid10490204 ro}{\f0\fs24\insrsid7815982\charrsid10490204 m his work place }{\f0\fs24\insrsid4150699\charrsid10490204 and also}{ \f0\fs24\insrsid7815982\charrsid10490204 changed location of his residence. }{\f0\fs24\insrsid4150699\charrsid10490204 Counsel}{\f0\fs24\insrsid7815982\charrsid10490204 submitted that the }{\f0\fs24\insrsid4150699\charrsid10490204 trial}{ \f0\fs24\insrsid7815982\charrsid10490204 judge was justified in }{\f0\fs24\insrsid4150699\charrsid10490204 concluding}{\f0\fs24\insrsid7815982\charrsid10490204 that the }{\f0\fs24\insrsid4150699\charrsid10490204 conduct}{ \f0\fs24\insrsid7815982\charrsid10490204 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid4150699\charrsid10490204 of}{\f0\fs24\insrsid7815982\charrsid10490204 the }{\f0\fs24\insrsid4150699\charrsid10490204 appellant}{\f0\fs24\insrsid7815982\charrsid10490204 was not conduct of an innocent person. Secondly}{\f0\fs24\insrsid11230874\charrsid10490204 ,}{\f0\fs24\insrsid7815982\charrsid10490204 he observed that the confession was so detailed that it must have been of an insider. \par \par In his view the appellant was properly and positively identified}{\f0\fs24\insrsid4150699\charrsid10490204 therefore grounds one and two ought}{\f0\fs24\insrsid7815982\charrsid10490204 to fail. \par \par On sentence, he submitted that the maximum sentence is 20 years. The judge in exercise of his discretion gave him 14 years and other consequential orders. }{\f0\fs24\insrsid14702421\charrsid10490204 The sentence}{\f0\fs24\insrsid291336\charrsid10490204 was }{\f0\fs24\insrsid7815982\charrsid10490204 legal and not harsh in the circumstances. He prayed that we also disallow}{\f0\fs24\insrsid4150699\charrsid10490204 ground three}{\f0\fs24\insrsid7815982\charrsid10490204 and }{ \f0\fs24\insrsid291336\charrsid10490204 dismiss the appeal.}{\f0\fs24\insrsid7815982\charrsid10490204 \par }{\f0\fs24\insrsid291336\charrsid10490204 \par }{\f0\fs24\insrsid7815982\charrsid10490204 We have }{\f0\fs24\insrsid291336\charrsid10490204 read }{\f0\fs24\insrsid7815982\charrsid10490204 the record of proceedings}{\f0\fs24\insrsid291336\charrsid10490204 ,}{\f0\fs24\insrsid7815982\charrsid10490204 }{ \f0\fs24\insrsid4150699\charrsid10490204 heard}{\f0\fs24\insrsid291336\charrsid10490204 and considered}{\f0\fs24\insrsid4150699\charrsid10490204 the}{\f0\fs24\insrsid7815982\charrsid10490204 submissions f}{\f0\fs24\insrsid14493900\charrsid10490204 ro}{ \f0\fs24\insrsid7815982\charrsid10490204 m both}{\f0\fs24\insrsid4150699\charrsid10490204 counsel. As a first appellate C}{\f0\fs24\insrsid7815982\charrsid10490204 ourt}{\f0\fs24\insrsid291336\charrsid10490204 ,}{\f0\fs24\insrsid7815982\charrsid10490204 Rule 30 of the Ju}{\f0\fs24\insrsid2321523\charrsid10490204 dicature (Court of appeal Rules}{\f0\fs24\insrsid7815982\charrsid10490204 ) Direction requires us to appraise all the evidence which was adduced in the lower court and come }{ \f0\fs24\insrsid14493900\charrsid10490204 to}{\f0\fs24\insrsid7815982\charrsid10490204 ou}{\f0\fs24\insrsid14493900\charrsid10490204 r}{\f0\fs24\insrsid7815982\charrsid10490204 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid14493900\charrsid10490204 ow}{ \f0\fs24\insrsid7815982\charrsid10490204 n conclusion whether the decision}{\f0\fs24\insrsid14493900\charrsid10490204 of the l}{\f0\fs24\insrsid4150699\charrsid10490204 ower court should be supported }{\f0\fs24\insrsid14493900\charrsid10490204 or not. However we are bearing }{\f0\fs24\insrsid4150699\charrsid10490204 in mind }{\f0\fs24\insrsid14493900\charrsid10490204 that we have not had the same opportunity as the trial court did of watching the witness testify to access their demeanor. See } {\f0\fs24\insrsid2321523\charrsid10490204 also }{\b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid14493900\charrsid10490204 Pandya VR [1957] EA 336, Bogere Moses V Uganda}{\b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid4150699\charrsid10490204 Supreme Court C}{\b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid14493900\charrsid10490204 r appeal N0. 1 /1999.}{\b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid7815982\charrsid10490204 \par }{\b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid14493900\charrsid10490204 \par }{\f0\fs24\insrsid4150699\charrsid10490204 Grounds one and two}{\f0\fs24\insrsid14706916\charrsid10490204 having been urg}{\f0\fs24\insrsid12608818\charrsid10490204 u}{\f0\fs24\insrsid14706916\charrsid10490204 ed together, in}{ \f0\fs24\insrsid14493900\charrsid10490204 our view}{\f0\fs24\insrsid14706916\charrsid10490204 ,}{\f0\fs24\insrsid14493900\charrsid10490204 the gist of the complaint is that the appellant did not participate in the robbery. His counsel}{ \f0\fs24\insrsid14706916\charrsid10490204 argued that as a guard}{\f0\fs24\insrsid14493900\charrsid10490204 , he was incapacitated and rendered unconscious by the real robbers. \par \par In dealing with participation of the appellant, the learned trial judge stated on }{\f0\fs24\insrsid14706916\charrsid10490204 page 8- 9 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid14493900\charrsid10490204 of his judgment \par \par }\pard \qj \li1440\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\tx6660\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10490204 {\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid14702421\charrsid10490204 \'93The}{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid14493900\charrsid10490204 accused was on 20/11/2000 deployed for guard duties at plot 40 Martyr\rquote s Way Ntinda, a fact admitted by the accused himself in his defence. He }{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid14706916\charrsid10490204 was seen by }{ \b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid14702421\charrsid10490204 P. W.5 Kenkwanzi}{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid14706916\charrsid10490204 an}{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid14493900\charrsid10490204 d}{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid14706916\charrsid10490204 P. W}{ \b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid14493900\charrsid10490204 .6 Flora Mugisha at their residence before the robbers struck. P. W.7}{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid14486086\charrsid10490204 Bitature knew the accused before the incident. The distance between him and the accused }{ \b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid14706916\charrsid10490204 favored}{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid14486086\charrsid10490204 }{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid14706916\charrsid10490204 correct}{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid14486086\charrsid10490204 }{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid14706916\charrsid10490204 identification}{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid14486086\charrsid10490204 in a }{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid14706916\charrsid10490204 situation where the t}{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid14486086\charrsid10490204 w}{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid14706916\charrsid10490204 o}{ \b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid14486086\charrsid10490204 were not }{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid14706916\charrsid10490204 strangers}{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid14486086\charrsid10490204 to each other. I found P. W.7 a composed credible and truthful witness. }{ \b\i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid14706916\charrsid10490204 However,}{\b\i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid14486086\charrsid10490204 notwithstanding all these positive fact}{\b\i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid14706916\charrsid10490204 or}{\b\i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid14486086\charrsid10490204 s, considering the time of the attack the poo}{\b\i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid14706916\charrsid10490204 r visibility conditions were un}{\b\i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid14486086\charrsid10490204 favorable for unreserved identification.}{ \b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid14486086\charrsid10490204 In}{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid14706916\charrsid10490204 }{\b\i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid14706916\charrsid10490204 Moses Kasana Vs Uganda}{\b\i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid14486086\charrsid10490204 criminal Appeal N0. 12 of 1981 the }{\b\i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid14706916\charrsid10490204 Supreme}{\b\i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid14486086\charrsid10490204 }{\b\i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid14706916\charrsid10490204 Court}{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid14486086\charrsid10490204 underscored the need for supportive evidence where the conditions }{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid14706916\charrsid10490204 favouring}{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid14486086\charrsid10490204 correct identification are difficult. What is needed in such a }{ \b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid14706916\charrsid10490204 situation}{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid14486086\charrsid10490204 is other evidence, direct or }{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid14706916\charrsid10490204 circumstantial}{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid14486086\charrsid10490204 which goes to support the correctness of }{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid14706916\charrsid10490204 identification}{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid14486086\charrsid10490204 and to make the trial court sure that there was no mistaken identification. \par }\pard \qj \li1440\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\pararsid10490204 {\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid14486086\charrsid10490204 \par I have considered the evidence of P. W. 5 Lucy and P. W. 6 Flora that the following robbery, the accused also disappeared. Their testimony finds favour in that of Martin Etanu, P. W. I, the official from Task Force }{ \b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid14706916\charrsid10490204 the }{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid14486086\charrsid10490204 accused\rquote }{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid4934739\charrsid10490204 s }{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid14486086\charrsid10490204 employer. }{ \b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid14706916\charrsid10490204 He visited}{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid4934739\charrsid10490204 the scene of crime that night and noted that accused was missing. The following day, the hunt for the accused }{ \b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid14706916\charrsid10490204 went under way. P. W}{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid4934739\charrsid10490204 . I Etanu went to Kinawataka where the accused was}{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid14706916\charrsid10490204 known}{ \b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid4934739\charrsid10490204 }{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid14706916\charrsid10490204 to}{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid4934739\charrsid10490204 live but he was not there. For }{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid14706916\charrsid10490204 about}{ \b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid4934739\charrsid10490204 2 weeks, the }{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid14706916\charrsid10490204 accused\rquote s}{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid4934739\charrsid10490204 }{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid14706916\charrsid10490204 whereabouts}{ \b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid4934739\charrsid10490204 remained unknown. Thereafter the witness got information that the accused was living in Kawmpe. He went to Kaw}{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid14706916\charrsid10490204 e}{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid4934739\charrsid10490204 mpe and in the presence}{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid14706916\charrsid10490204 of policeme}{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid4934739\charrsid10490204 n,}{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid14706916\charrsid10490204 the}{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid4934739\charrsid10490204 accused\rquote s new residence was searched and property which P. W. 5 Kenkenzi iden}{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid14706916\charrsid10490204 ti}{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid4934739\charrsid10490204 fied to Police as part of her stolen house hold property was recovered. I}{ \b\f0\fs24\insrsid4934739\charrsid10490204 }{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid4934739\charrsid10490204 found P. W. I Etanu a credible and truthful witness. I am }{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid14702421\charrsid10490204 satisfied t}{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid4934739\charrsid10490204 hat he took part in}{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid14702421\charrsid10490204 }{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid4934739\charrsid10490204 looking for the accused soon }{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid14702421\charrsid10490204 after the}{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid4934739\charrsid10490204 }{ \b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid14702421\charrsid10490204 robbery}{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid4934739\charrsid10490204 . In the premises, accused\rquote s testimony that he went back to his employer a day after the robbery at P. W. 5\rquote s place is a lie. His disappearance f}{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid14702421\charrsid10490204 ro}{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid4934739\charrsid10490204 m the place where he had been deployed that night, his abandonment of work and the shifting f}{ \b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid14702421\charrsid10490204 ro}{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid4934739\charrsid10490204 m Mbuya to Kaw}{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid14702421\charrsid10490204 e}{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid4934739\charrsid10490204 mpe immediately after the robbery were all not acts of an innocent man. It was conduct that provided corroboration to the evidence of P. W.7 Bitature that the}{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid14702421\charrsid10490204 accused had also participate}{ \b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid4934739\charrsid10490204 d}{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid14702421\charrsid10490204 }{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid4934739\charrsid10490204 in the robbery}{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid14702421\charrsid10490204 \'94.}{ \b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid14493900\charrsid10490204 \par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10490204 {\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid291336\charrsid10490204 \par }{\f0\fs24\insrsid291336\charrsid10490204 \par We entirely agree with the reasoning of the learned trial judge and find no fault in his conclusion that the prosecution proved beyond reasonable doubt that the appellant participated in the robbery. }{\f0\fs24\insrsid5979365\charrsid10490204 He inexplicably}{\f0\fs24\insrsid291336\charrsid10490204 fled from his place of work and}{\f0\fs24\insrsid5979365\charrsid10490204 at the same time shifted}{\f0\fs24\insrsid291336\charrsid10490204 f}{\f0\fs24\insrsid5979365\charrsid10490204 ro}{ \f0\fs24\insrsid291336\charrsid10490204 m his place of residence. Some }{\f0\fs24\insrsid5979365\charrsid10490204 of}{\f0\fs24\insrsid291336\charrsid10490204 the}{\f0\fs24\insrsid5979365\charrsid10490204 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid291336\charrsid10490204 stolen prop}{\f0\fs24\insrsid5979365\charrsid10490204 er}{\f0\fs24\insrsid291336\charrsid10490204 ty was recovered by the investigating officer from his new residence in the }{\f0\fs24\insrsid603984\charrsid10490204 presence of his wife who told the investigating}{\f0\fs24\insrsid291336\charrsid10490204 officer, that they belonged to the appellant. We agree that all this }{\f0\fs24\insrsid603984\charrsid10490204 circumstantial}{ \f0\fs24\insrsid291336\charrsid10490204 evidence together with}{\f0\fs24\insrsid603984\charrsid10490204 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid291336\charrsid10490204 his }{\f0\fs24\insrsid603984\charrsid10490204 confession pro}{\f0\fs24\insrsid2648135\charrsid10490204 vi}{ \f0\fs24\insrsid291336\charrsid10490204 ded adequate corroborating }{\f0\fs24\insrsid2648135\charrsid10490204 evidence to that }{\f0\fs24\insrsid2759299\charrsid10490204 of P. W.7}{\f0\fs24\insrsid2648135\charrsid10490204 see }{ \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid2648135\charrsid10490204 Muzaya}{\b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid291336\charrsid10490204 }{\b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid2648135\charrsid10490204 Thomas and Mukasa }{\b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid291336\charrsid10490204 George }{ \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid2648135\charrsid10490204 Supreme Court C}{\b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid291336\charrsid10490204 r. Application N0. 03/2006}{\f0\fs24\insrsid291336\charrsid10490204 . \par \line }{\f0\fs24\insrsid5979365\charrsid10490204 We}{\f0\fs24\insrsid291336\charrsid10490204 find }{\f0\fs24\insrsid5979365\charrsid10490204 no merit}{\f0\fs24\insrsid291336\charrsid10490204 in grounds}{\f0\fs24\insrsid5979365\charrsid10490204 one and two and they automatically fail. The maximum sentence for the offence of simple robbery is 20 years. In our view}{\f0\fs24\insrsid15169632\charrsid10490204 ,}{\f0\fs24\insrsid5979365\charrsid10490204 a }{\f0\fs24\insrsid2648135\charrsid10490204 senten}{\f0\fs24\insrsid5979365\charrsid10490204 ce of 14 years imprisonment was not harsh and we uphold it.}{\f0\fs24\insrsid291336\charrsid10490204 \par }{\f0\fs24\insrsid5979365\charrsid10490204 \par In the result, the entire appeal is dismissed. \par \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10490204 {\b\f0\fs24\insrsid5979365\charrsid10490204 Dated}{\f0\fs24\insrsid5979365\charrsid10490204 at }{\b\f0\fs24\insrsid5979365\charrsid10490204 Kampala}{\f0\fs24\insrsid5979365\charrsid10490204 this }{\f0\fs24\insrsid11999633\charrsid10490204 3}{\f0\fs24\super\insrsid11999633\charrsid10490204 rd}{\f0\fs24\insrsid11999633\charrsid10490204 o}{\f0\fs24\insrsid5979365\charrsid10490204 f}{ \f0\fs24\insrsid11999633\charrsid10490204 May }{\f0\fs24\insrsid5979365\charrsid10490204 2010. \par }{\f0\fs24\insrsid8006340\charrsid10490204 \par }{\b\f0\fs24\insrsid5979365\charrsid10490204 HON S. G. ENGWAU \par JUSTICE OF APPEAL \par \par }{\b\f0\fs24\insrsid2496968\charrsid10490204 HON A.}{\b\f0\fs24\insrsid5979365\charrsid10490204 TWINOMUJUNI \par JUSTICE OF APPEAL \par \par HON. A. S. NSHIMYE \par JUSTICE OF APPEAL \par }\pard \qj \fi720\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10490204 {\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid5129082\charrsid10490204 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10490204 {\b\i\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid5129082\charrsid10490204 \par }\pard \ql \fi720\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10490204 {\b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid5129082\charrsid10490204 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10490204 {\b\f0\fs24\insrsid5129082\charrsid10490204 \par \par \par }}