Murungi Francis v Uganda (Criminal Appeal No. 5 of 2003) [2010] UGCA 16 (23 April 2010)

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)}}{\*\pnseclvl9\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\pard\plain \qc \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9113036 \f1\fs28\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid6757708\charrsid9113036 THE REPUBLIC OF UGANDA \par \par IN THE COURT OF APPEAL OF UGANDA \par \par AT KAMPALA. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9113036 {\b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid6757708\charrsid9113036 \par Coram}{\b\f0\fs24\insrsid6757708\charrsid9113036 \tab }{\f0\fs24\insrsid6757708\charrsid9113036 Hon Justice A. E. N Mpagi- Bahigeine, JA}{\b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid6757708\charrsid9113036 \par }\pard \ql \fi720\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid9113036 {\f0\fs24\insrsid6757708\charrsid9113036 Hon Justice S. B. K Kavuma, JA \par Hon Justice A. S. Nshimye, JA \par \par }\pard \qc \fi720\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid9113036 {\b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid6757708\charrsid9113036 CRIMINAL APPEAL N0.5 OF 2003 \par }\pard \ql \fi720\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid9113036 {\b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid6757708\charrsid9113036 \par }\pard \qc \fi720\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid9113036 {\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid6757708\charrsid9113036 BETWEEN \par }\pard \ql \fi720\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid9113036 {\b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid6757708\charrsid9113036 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9113036 {\b\f0\fs24\insrsid6757708\charrsid9113036 MURUNGI FRANCIS :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::APPELLANT \par \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9113036 {\b\f0\fs24\insrsid6757708\charrsid9113036 VS \par \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9113036 {\b\f0\fs24\insrsid6757708\charrsid9113036 UGANDA :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::RESPONDENT \par \par \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9113036 {\b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid15087899\charrsid9113036 JUDGMENT OF THE COURT}{\b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid13437380\charrsid9113036 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9113036 {\f0\fs24\insrsid3110780\charrsid9113036 \par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9113036 {\f0\fs24\insrsid9647355\charrsid9113036 This is an appeal against both conviction and sentence.}{\f0\fs24\insrsid15087899\charrsid9113036 The appellant was indicted for}{\f0\fs24\insrsid9647355\charrsid9113036 murder contrary to section}{\f0\fs24\insrsid15087899\charrsid9113036 s }{\f0\fs24\insrsid9647355\charrsid9113036 183 and 184 of the}{\f0\fs24\insrsid15087899\charrsid9113036 Penal Code by the }{\f0\fs24\insrsid4932056\charrsid9113036 High Court at Mbarara}{\f0\fs24\insrsid15087899\charrsid9113036 .}{\f0\fs24\insrsid15818967\charrsid9113036 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid15087899\charrsid9113036 He was }{ \f0\fs24\insrsid593648\charrsid9113036 convicted}{\f0\fs24\insrsid5256888\charrsid9113036 , and}{\f0\fs24\insrsid15087899\charrsid9113036 sentenced}{\f0\fs24\insrsid15818967\charrsid9113036 to death on 3.1.2003.}{\f0\fs24\insrsid9647355\charrsid9113036

\par }{\f0\fs24\insrsid15818967\charrsid9113036 \par }{\b\f0\fs24\insrsid15818967\charrsid9113036 The following were the brief facts of the case. \par }{\f0\fs24\insrsid15818967\charrsid9113036 On 7/2/2000, armed with a panga, the appellant }{\f0\fs24\insrsid15087899\charrsid9113036 hack}{\f0\fs24\insrsid5256888\charrsid9113036 ed his own mother, the}{\f0\fs24\insrsid15818967\charrsid9113036 late }{ \b\f0\fs24\insrsid15818967\charrsid9113036 Kenyegamo Edrayi}{\b\f0\fs24\insrsid5256888\charrsid9113036 , }{\f0\fs24\insrsid5256888\charrsid9113036 to death}{\f0\fs24\insrsid15818967\charrsid9113036 . The deceased, her daughter who had kids and the appellant shared a common homestead. \par \par On the above fateful day, the deceased was lying near the kitchen feeling unwell. The sister of the }{\f0\fs24\insrsid5256888\charrsid9113036 appellant }{\f0\fs24\insrsid15818967\charrsid9113036 was in the house she shared with the mother, iro ning her clothes. There}{\f0\fs24\insrsid5256888\charrsid9113036 were other people in the court}{\f0\fs24\insrsid15818967\charrsid9113036 yard including the kids of the sister. \par \par The appellant entered the}{\f0\fs24\insrsid5256888\charrsid9113036 compound of the homestead}{\f0\fs24\insrsid15818967\charrsid9113036 holding a panga. He came asking for his music compacts and was directed to his }{ \f0\fs24\insrsid593648\charrsid9113036 sister}{\f0\fs24\insrsid15818967\charrsid9113036 in the house of the deceased. There, he started quarrelling with his }{\f0\fs24\insrsid593648\charrsid9113036 sister}{\f0\fs24\insrsid15818967\charrsid9113036 asking her why she had cut his }{\f0\fs24\insrsid593648\charrsid9113036 bananas}{\f0\fs24\insrsid15818967\charrsid9113036 . O}{\f0\fs24\insrsid593648\charrsid9113036 n hearing, the dispute, the mot}{\f0\fs24\insrsid15818967\charrsid9113036 her stood up and went to find out what was happening. When she }{\f0\fs24\insrsid15087899\charrsid9113036 entered, the appellant cut her three}{\f0\fs24\insrsid15818967\charrsid9113036 times on the head and once on the neck resulting into her death.}{ \f0\fs24\insrsid14033926\charrsid9113036 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid15818967\charrsid9113036 The sist}{\f0\fs24\insrsid15087899\charrsid9113036 er ran out for her dear life raising}{\f0\fs24\insrsid15818967\charrsid9113036 an alarm. The appellant emerged out of the house and started chasing those around }{\f0\fs24\insrsid8726941\charrsid9113036 including the kids of the sister. He caught up with one of the kids and cut her on the chest. He went and reported himself to Misoma Police Post. }{\f0\fs24\insrsid14033926\charrsid9113036 \par \par }{\f0\fs24\insrsid8726941\charrsid9113036 His defence at the trial was that it was an accident. He stated that his sister picked a quarrel with him in the ho}{\f0\fs24\insrsid593648\charrsid9113036 u}{\f0\fs24\insrsid8726941\charrsid9113036 se and hit him with a hoe at the back of his head. In self defence he picked a panga and }{\f0\fs24\insrsid2915057\charrsid9113036 swung}{\f0\fs24\insrsid8726941\charrsid9113036 it in the door way in an attempt to escape. In the process of }{ \f0\fs24\insrsid593648\charrsid9113036 swinging}{\f0\fs24\insrsid15087899\charrsid9113036 the panga}{\f0\fs24\insrsid8726941\charrsid9113036 , he accidentally cut his mother who had come to see what was happening. His defence was rejected by the trial court }{\f0\fs24\insrsid15087899\charrsid9113036 which convicted him and sentenced him as aforementioned, hence this appeal.}{ \f0\fs24\insrsid15818967\charrsid9113036 \par }{\f0\fs24\insrsid8726941\charrsid9113036 \par Samuel Seguya appeared for the appellant on state brief}{\f0\fs24\insrsid593648\charrsid9113036 ,}{\f0\fs24\insrsid8726941\charrsid9113036 While learned State Attorney Josephine Namatovu appeared for the }{\f0\fs24\insrsid7749464\charrsid9113036 respondent. }{\f0\fs24\insrsid8726941\charrsid9113036 The appella}{\f0\fs24\insrsid7749464\charrsid9113036 nt through his counsel raised t}{\f0\fs24\insrsid8726941\charrsid9113036 w}{\f0\fs24\insrsid7749464\charrsid9113036 o}{ \f0\fs24\insrsid8726941\charrsid9113036 grounds of appeal}{\f0\fs24\insrsid15087899\charrsid9113036 ,}{\f0\fs24\insrsid8726941\charrsid9113036 namely}{\f0\fs24\insrsid7749464\charrsid9113036 :-}{\f0\fs24\insrsid8726941\charrsid9113036 \par }{\f0\fs24\insrsid7749464\charrsid9113036 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\b\i\insrsid7749464\charrsid9113036 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (1)\tab}}\pard \qj \fi-450\li1170\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx1170\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin1170\itap0\pararsid9113036 { \b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid7749464\charrsid9113036 That the trial judge erred in law and fact not to have found that the killing was without malice aforethought. \par }\pard \qj \li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid9113036 {\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid593648\charrsid9113036 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\b\i\insrsid7749464\charrsid9113036 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (2)\tab}}\pard \qj \fi-450\li1170\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx1170\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin1170\itap0\pararsid9113036 { \b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid7749464\charrsid9113036 That the trial judge ought to have convicted the appellant of manslaughter and to have sentenced him accordingly. \par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9113036 {\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid7749464\charrsid9113036 \par }{\f0\fs24\insrsid7749464\charrsid9113036 Counsel preferred to argue both grounds together. }{\f0\fs24\insrsid15087899\charrsid9113036 He }{\f0\fs24\insrsid7749464\charrsid9113036 argued that judging from the evidence of P. W. I, it was clear that the appellant had not targeted the deceased. If his intention was to kill her, he would have }{\f0\fs24\insrsid2897265\charrsid9113036 attacked}{\f0\fs24\insrsid7749464\charrsid9113036 her when she was still }{ \f0\fs24\insrsid15087899\charrsid9113036 lying out}{\f0\fs24\insrsid2897265\charrsid9113036 side in the compound, counsel concluded.}{\f0\fs24\insrsid7749464\charrsid9113036 \par }{\f0\fs24\insrsid2897265\charrsid9113036 \par He contended that the deceased go}{\f0\fs24\insrsid4154497\charrsid9113036 t}{\f0\fs24\insrsid4932056\charrsid9113036 injured}{\f0\fs24\insrsid2897265\charrsid9113036 accidentally }{\f0\fs24\insrsid4154497\charrsid9113036 when she }{ \f0\fs24\insrsid2897265\charrsid9113036 intervened in the quarrel between the appellant and P. W. I. To him, the fatal injuries were accidental and without malice aforethought. He argued further that if he was guilty, he would have run away from the village. He instead surrendered to the authority. \par \par Counsel strongly attacked the evidence of P. W. I against }{\f0\fs24\insrsid15087899\charrsid9113036 the appellant }{\f0\fs24\insrsid2897265\charrsid9113036 to the effect that }{\f0\fs24\insrsid15087899\charrsid9113036 the appellant warned }{ \f0\fs24\insrsid2897265\charrsid9113036 the deceased all along }{\f0\fs24\insrsid1205464\charrsid9113036 that }{\f0\fs24\insrsid2897265\charrsid9113036 he }{\f0\fs24\insrsid1205464\charrsid9113036 would kill}{\f0\fs24\insrsid2897265\charrsid9113036 her. He concluded that those}{\f0\fs24\insrsid4154497\charrsid9113036 were her}{\f0\fs24\insrsid2897265\charrsid9113036 additions because she did not tell the police so in her }{\f0\fs24\insrsid4154497\charrsid9113036 statement.}{ \f0\fs24\insrsid2897265\charrsid9113036 \par \par He also }{\f0\fs24\insrsid3822241\charrsid9113036 challenged the evidence of P. W.}{\f0\fs24\insrsid2897265\charrsid9113036 4 that the appellant had earlier threatened to ki}{\f0\fs24\insrsid4932056\charrsid9113036 ll the deceased. He argued that}{ \f0\fs24\insrsid2897265\charrsid9113036 the evidence contradicted that of P. W. I who said that they lived with no problem. \par \par Learned counsel invited us to find that the trial judge should have }{\f0\fs24\insrsid15956502\charrsid9113036 found his client guilty of a lesser charge of manslaughter and not murder. He prayed that the appeal be allowed by substituting a conviction for manslaughter and sentence him accordingly.}{\f0\fs24\insrsid2897265\charrsid9113036 \par }{\f0\fs24\insrsid15956502\charrsid9113036 \par }{\b\f0\fs24\insrsid15956502\charrsid9113036 In reply}{\f0\fs24\insrsid15956502\charrsid9113036 , learned counsel Namatovu for the }{\f0\fs24\insrsid4154497\charrsid9113036 respondent opposed}{\f0\fs24\insrsid15956502\charrsid9113036 the appeal on }{ \f0\fs24\insrsid1205464\charrsid9113036 the }{\f0\fs24\insrsid15956502\charrsid9113036 ground that it was devoid of }{\f0\fs24\insrsid1205464\charrsid9113036 any }{\f0\fs24\insrsid15956502\charrsid9113036 merit. In the same way, like counsel for the appellant, }{\f0\fs24\insrsid14033926\charrsid9113036 s}{\f0\fs24\insrsid15956502\charrsid9113036 he argued the grounds of appeal together. \par \par She }{\f0\fs24\insrsid1205464\charrsid9113036 argued}{\f0\fs24\insrsid15956502\charrsid9113036 that }{\f0\fs24\insrsid14033926\charrsid9113036 t}{\f0\fs24\insrsid15956502\charrsid9113036 he trial judge prop erly guided himself on the definition of malice aforethought. After considering all the issues before him, he rightly concluded that there was malice aforethought. She gave examples of indicators like the weapon used, the number of injuries}{ \f0\fs24\insrsid4932056\charrsid9113036 inflicted}{\f0\fs24\insrsid15956502\charrsid9113036 , }{\f0\fs24\insrsid4932056\charrsid9113036 and }{\f0\fs24\insrsid15956502\charrsid9113036 the parts of the b}{\f0\fs24\insrsid4932056\charrsid9113036 ody which were hit. In her view, }{\f0\fs24\insrsid15956502\charrsid9113036 the medical evidence in the medical report revealed that the one who inflicted them had intention to kill. Counsel submitted further }{\f0\fs24\insrsid4154497\charrsid9113036 that }{\f0\fs24\insrsid15956502\charrsid9113036 before the appellant killed his m}{\f0\fs24\insrsid4154497\charrsid9113036 other, he had uttered words like}{\f0\fs24\insrsid15956502\charrsid9113036 \'93}{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid15956502\charrsid9113036 all along I have wanted to kill you\'94. }{\f0\fs24\insrsid15956502\charrsid9113036 She dismissed the claim of accident by the appellant. If it was an accident, he should have stopped on the }{\f0\fs24\insrsid4154497\charrsid9113036 first }{ \f0\fs24\insrsid15956502\charrsid9113036 cutting. She concluded that the trial judge properly found malice aforethought and invited us to hold }{\f0\fs24\insrsid4154497\charrsid9113036 s}{\f0\fs24\insrsid15956502\charrsid9113036 o and dismiss the appeal.

\par \par }{\f0\fs24\insrsid4932056\charrsid9113036 This being a}{\f0\fs24\insrsid15956502\charrsid9113036 1}{\f0\fs24\super\insrsid15956502\charrsid9113036 st}{\f0\fs24\insrsid15956502\charrsid9113036 appellate court, we h}{ \f0\fs24\insrsid11616217\charrsid9113036 ave a duty under}{\f0\fs24\insrsid4154497\charrsid9113036 R}{\f0\fs24\insrsid11616217\charrsid9113036 ule 30 of the Judicature}{\f0\fs24\insrsid4154497\charrsid9113036 (Court of Appeal R}{ \f0\fs24\insrsid11616217\charrsid9113036 ules) }{\f0\fs24\insrsid4154497\charrsid9113036 D}{\f0\fs24\insrsid11616217\charrsid9113036 irection and under numerous authorities like }{\b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid4287639\charrsid9113036 PANDYA V R [1957] EA 336 }{ \f0\fs24\insrsid4287639\charrsid9113036 AND }{\b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid4287639\charrsid9113036 BOGERE MOSES V UGANDA SUPREME COURT CR. APPL N0. 1 [}{\b\f0\fs24\insrsid4287639\charrsid9113036 1999]}{\b\f0\fs24\insrsid11616217\charrsid9113036 (unreported)}{ \f0\fs24\insrsid11616217\charrsid9113036 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid4287639\charrsid9113036 }{\b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid4287639\charrsid9113036 SIRAJE KISEMBO V UGANDA CR APPEAL 13/1998 (SC)}{\f0\fs24\insrsid4287639\charrsid9113036 unreported}{ \f0\fs24\insrsid14033926\charrsid9113036 ,}{\f0\fs24\insrsid4287639\charrsid9113036 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid14033926\charrsid9113036 t}{\f0\fs24\insrsid11616217\charrsid9113036 o reappraise all the evidence which was adduced in the trial court and came to our own conclusion whether the decision of the lower court should be supported or not. We have}{\f0\fs24\insrsid4932056\charrsid9113036 ,}{ \f0\fs24\insrsid11616217\charrsid9113036 of course}{\f0\fs24\insrsid4932056\charrsid9113036 ,}{\f0\fs24\insrsid11616217\charrsid9113036 to bear in mind that we did not have the same opportunity as the trial court had of seeing the witnesses testify and assessing their demeanour.}{\f0\fs24\insrsid15956502\charrsid9113036 \par }{\f0\fs24\insrsid11616217\charrsid9113036 \par After hearing both counsel, }{\f0\fs24\insrsid4287639\charrsid9113036 for }{\f0\fs24\insrsid11616217\charrsid9113036 and}{\f0\fs24\insrsid4287639\charrsid9113036 against the grounds of appeal and reappraising}{\f0\fs24\insrsid11616217\charrsid9113036 }{ \f0\fs24\insrsid4287639\charrsid9113036 the evidence on record, }{\f0\fs24\insrsid11616217\charrsid9113036 we find that there is one important issue}{\f0\fs24\insrsid4287639\charrsid9113036 to be decided.}{\f0\fs24\insrsid14033926\charrsid9113036 }{ \f0\fs24\insrsid11616217\charrsid9113036 That is whether}{\f0\fs24\insrsid4287639\charrsid9113036 the learned trial judge was right in finding }{\f0\fs24\insrsid1985392\charrsid9113036 that malice}{\f0\fs24\insrsid11616217\charrsid9113036 aforethought was proved. The appellant agreed that he cut the deceased and that it is the said cutting }{\f0\fs24\insrsid1985392\charrsid9113036 that caused}{\f0\fs24\insrsid14033926\charrsid9113036 the death of the deceased.}{ \f0\fs24\insrsid11616217\charrsid9113036 However he }{\f0\fs24\insrsid12463141\charrsid9113036 plead}{\f0\fs24\insrsid11616217\charrsid9113036 ed that it was accidental and }{\f0\fs24\insrsid5256888\charrsid9113036 that he }{ \f0\fs24\insrsid11616217\charrsid9113036 did not intend to cause her death. \par }{\f0\fs24\insrsid1985392\charrsid9113036 \par Section 191 of the Penal Code defines malice aforethought as follows:- \par }\pard \qj \fi75\li360\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0\pararsid9113036 {\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid1985392\charrsid9113036 \'93Malice aforethought shall be deemed to be established by evidence provi ding either of the following circumstances:- \par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9113036 {\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid1985392\charrsid9113036 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\b\i\insrsid1985392\charrsid9113036 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (a)\tab}}\pard \qj \fi-480\li840\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx840\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls2\adjustright\rin0\lin840\itap0\pararsid9113036 { \b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid1985392\charrsid9113036 an intention to cause the death of any person, whether such person is the person actually killed or not or \par {\listtext\pard\plain\b\i\insrsid1985392\charrsid9113036 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (b)\tab}knowledge that the act or omission causing death will probably cause death of the same person, whethe r such a person is the person actually killed or not, although such knowledge is accompanied by indifference whether death is caused or not or by a wish that it may be caused\'94 \par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9113036 {\f0\fs24\insrsid11616217\charrsid9113036 \par }{\f0\fs24\insrsid1985392\charrsid9113036 \par Bearing in mind the above definition, the learned trial judge in his judgment on page 4 had this to say. \par \par }\pard \qj \fi-405\li1845\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1845\itap0\pararsid9113036 {\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid9335512\charrsid9113036 \'93\tab The}{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid1985392\charrsid9113036 court}{ \b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid9335512\charrsid9113036 in arriving at a fair conclusion has to look at}{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid8985993\charrsid9113036 :}{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid9335512\charrsid9113036 }{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid1985392\charrsid9113036 \par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9113036 {\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid9335512\charrsid9113036 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\b\i\insrsid9335512\charrsid9113036 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (a)\tab}}\pard \qj \fi-405\li1845\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx1845\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls3\adjustright\rin0\lin1845\itap0\pararsid9113036 { \b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid9335512\charrsid9113036 The number of injuries inflicted. \par {\listtext\pard\plain\b\i\insrsid9335512\charrsid9113036 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (b)\tab}The part of the body where the injury was inflicted \par {\listtext\pard\plain\b\i\insrsid9335512\charrsid9113036 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (c)\tab}The number of the weapons used. \par {\listtext\pard\plain\b\i\insrsid9335512\charrsid9113036 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (d)\tab}The number of times the weapon is used or the manner of usage and \par {\listtext\pard\plain\b\i\insrsid9335512\charrsid9113036 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (e)\tab}The conduct of the killer both before and after the attack. \'93 \par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9113036 {\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid9335512\charrsid9113036 \par }{\f0\fs24\insrsid9335512\charrsid9113036 He }{\f0\fs24\insrsid8985993\charrsid9113036 relied on}{\f0\fs24\insrsid9335512\charrsid9113036 the authorities }{\f0\fs24\insrsid8985993\charrsid9113036 of}{\f0\fs24\insrsid9335512\charrsid9113036 }{ \b\f0\fs24\ul\insrsid8985993\charrsid9113036 UGANDA V JOHN OCHIENG (1992-1993) HCB 80}{\f0\fs24\insrsid8985993\charrsid9113036 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid9335512\charrsid9113036 and }{\b\f0\fs24\insrsid8985993\charrsid9113036 UGANDA V N0. 13026 PC WAKHASA SOLOMON & 2 OTHERS (1984) HCB 29.}{\b\f0\fs24\insrsid9335512\charrsid9113036 \par \par }{\f0\fs24\insrsid9335512\charrsid9113036 After considering the evidence }{\f0\fs24\insrsid8985993\charrsid9113036 of eye}{\f0\fs24\insrsid9335512\charrsid9113036 witnesses like P. W}{\f0\fs24\insrsid2493182\charrsid9113036 .}{ \f0\fs24\insrsid9335512\charrsid9113036 I and IV}{\f0\fs24\insrsid1397084\charrsid9113036 as against the defence he came to the }{\f0\fs24\insrsid1205464\charrsid9113036 following }{\f0\fs24\insrsid1397084\charrsid9113036 conclusion:}{ \f0\fs24\insrsid9335512\charrsid9113036 \par }{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid1397084\charrsid9113036 \par }\pard \qj \li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid9113036 {\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid2493182\charrsid9113036 \'93}{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid1397084\charrsid9113036 A person frantically waving a panga as }{ \b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid2493182\charrsid9113036 described}{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid4932056\charrsid9113036 }{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid1397084\charrsid9113036 could not have inflicted }{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid2493182\charrsid9113036 such well placed injuries o}{ \b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid1397084\charrsid9113036 n the }{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid2493182\charrsid9113036 parts}{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid1397084\charrsid9113036 of the body making them so deep. The accused\rquote s story must be an after }{ \b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid2493182\charrsid9113036 thought}{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid1397084\charrsid9113036 . For if he was frantic in his }{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid2493182\charrsid9113036 actions}{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid1397084\charrsid9113036 , how was he able to }{ \b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid2493182\charrsid9113036 observe}{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid1397084\charrsid9113036 where he was cutting and }{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid2493182\charrsid9113036 how many}{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid1397084\charrsid9113036 times as he has himself described? It leaves no room for doubt as to the accused\rquote s }{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid2493182\charrsid9113036 intention when he inflicted}{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid1397084\charrsid9113036 these injuries}{ \b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid5256888\charrsid9113036 He must have reasonably known that with such injuries the victim had no chance of survival, the malice aforethought has been established}{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid12190322\charrsid9113036 .}{ \b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid5256888\charrsid9113036 \'94 \par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9113036 {\f0\fs24\insrsid5256888\charrsid9113036 \par }\pard \qj \li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid9113036 {\f0\fs24\insrsid1397084\charrsid9113036 \par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9113036 {\f0\fs24\insrsid1397084\charrsid9113036 Basing on the evidence on record, we are unable to fault the conclusion of the trial judge that malice aforethought was proved beyond rea}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3822241\charrsid9113036 sonable doubt. We also find the}{\f0\fs24\insrsid1397084\charrsid9113036 conduct of the appellant}{\f0\fs24\insrsid14033926\charrsid9113036 before and after the incident}{\f0\fs24\insrsid12190322\charrsid9113036 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid4932056\charrsid9113036 inconsistent with}{\f0\fs24\insrsid1397084\charrsid9113036 innocent intentions.}{\f0\fs24\insrsid14033926\charrsid9113036 Both P}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3822241\charrsid9113036 .}{\f0\fs24\insrsid14033926\charrsid9113036 W}{\f0\fs24\insrsid3822241\charrsid9113036 .}{\f0\fs24\insrsid14033926\charrsid9113036 I and P. W.4 were blood relatives of the appellant. Although we did not have the opportunity of observing their respective demeanors, we disbelieve their evidence, like the trial judge did}{\f0\fs24\insrsid4932056\charrsid9113036 ,}{ \f0\fs24\insrsid3822241\charrsid9113036 that the appellant mad}{\f0\fs24\insrsid14033926\charrsid9113036 e utterances of a desire to kill the deceased before the incident. \par \par }{\f0\fs24\insrsid1397084\charrsid9113036 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid14033926\charrsid9113036 Secondly if}{\f0\fs24\insrsid1397084\charrsid9113036 he was to be believed}{\f0\fs24\insrsid12190322\charrsid9113036 that he}{\f0\fs24\insrsid1397084\charrsid9113036 cut his mother }{\f0\fs24\insrsid2493182\charrsid9113036 accidentally}{\f0\fs24\insrsid1397084\charrsid9113036 and in self defence, he }{\f0\fs24\insrsid2493182\charrsid9113036 would}{\f0\fs24\insrsid1397084\charrsid9113036 }{ \f0\fs24\insrsid2493182\charrsid9113036 not}{\f0\fs24\insrsid1397084\charrsid9113036 have }{\f0\fs24\insrsid12190322\charrsid9113036 run}{\f0\fs24\insrsid1397084\charrsid9113036 to report himself to the police. A }{ \f0\fs24\insrsid2493182\charrsid9113036 prudent}{\f0\fs24\insrsid12190322\charrsid9113036 person who knows that}{\f0\fs24\insrsid2493182\charrsid9113036 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid1397084\charrsid9113036 cut wound}{\f0\fs24\insrsid8721326\charrsid9113036 s}{ \f0\fs24\insrsid1397084\charrsid9113036 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid2493182\charrsid9113036 ooze blood, }{\f0\fs24\insrsid1397084\charrsid9113036 should have thought of }{\f0\fs24\insrsid2493182\charrsid9113036 rushing}{\f0\fs24\insrsid1397084\charrsid9113036 her for medical treatment to save her life. Like the trial judge }{\f0\fs24\insrsid8985993\charrsid9113036 found}{\f0\fs24\insrsid1397084\charrsid9113036 , we }{\f0\fs24\insrsid8985993\charrsid9113036 also}{\f0\fs24\insrsid1397084\charrsid9113036 find no }{\f0\fs24\insrsid8985993\charrsid9113036 provocation to }{\f0\fs24\insrsid12190322\charrsid9113036 justify }{\f0\fs24\insrsid4596944\charrsid9113036 reduction of}{\f0\fs24\insrsid8985993\charrsid9113036 the charge to }{ \f0\fs24\insrsid4596944\charrsid9113036 that of }{\f0\fs24\insrsid2493182\charrsid9113036 manslaughter}{\f0\fs24\insrsid8985993\charrsid9113036 as the learned }{\f0\fs24\insrsid2493182\charrsid9113036 defence}{\f0\fs24\insrsid8985993\charrsid9113036 counsel }{\f0\fs24\insrsid2493182\charrsid9113036 was persuading}{\f0\fs24\insrsid8985993\charrsid9113036 us to find.}{\f0\fs24\insrsid2493182\charrsid9113036 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid8985993\charrsid9113036 Both grounds of appeal fail.}{ \f0\fs24\insrsid4596944\charrsid9113036 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid8985993\charrsid9113036 In the result, the }{\f0\fs24\insrsid4596944\charrsid9113036 entire a}{\f0\fs24\insrsid8985993\charrsid9113036 ppeal is dismissed.}{\f0\fs24\insrsid4932056\charrsid9113036 The conviction and sentence are sustained.}{\f0\fs24\insrsid8985993\charrsid9113036 \par \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9113036 {\b\f0\fs24\insrsid8721326\charrsid9113036 Dated}{\f0\fs24\insrsid8721326\charrsid9113036 this}{\f0\fs24\insrsid6101743\charrsid9113036 23}{ \f0\fs24\super\insrsid6101743\charrsid9113036 rd}{\f0\fs24\insrsid6101743\charrsid9113036 }{\f0\fs24\insrsid8985993\charrsid9113036 day of }{\f0\fs24\insrsid6101743\charrsid9113036 April }{\f0\fs24\insrsid8985993\charrsid9113036 2010. \par }{\b\f0\fs24\insrsid6101743\charrsid9113036 \par }{\b\f0\fs24\insrsid8985993\charrsid9113036 A. E. N MPAGI- BAHIGEINE \par JUSTICE OF APPEAL \par }{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid6101743\charrsid9113036 \par }{\b\i\f0\fs24\insrsid8985993\charrsid9113036 S. B. K KAVUMA \par JUSTICE OF APPEAL \par \par A. S. NSHIMYE \par JUSTICE OF APPEAL \par }\pard \qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid9113036 {\b\f0\fs24\insrsid1985392\charrsid9113036 \par }{\b\f0\fs24\insrsid11616217\charrsid9113036 \par }}