Ochiti Lagol Patrick v Uganda (Criminal Appeal 15 of 1998) [1998] UGSC 2 (3 December 1998)

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\jexpand\viewkind1\viewscale100\pgbrdrhead\pgbrdrfoot\splytwnine\ftnlytwnine\htmautsp\nolnhtadjtbl\useltbaln\alntblind\lytcalctblwd\lyttblrtgr\lnbrkrule\nobrkwrptbl\snaptogridincell\allowfieldendsel\wrppunct \asianbrkrule\rsidroot9176335\newtblstyruls\nogrowautofit \fet0{\*\wgrffmtfilter 2450}\ilfomacatclnup0\ltrpar \sectd \ltrsect\linex0\endnhere\sectlinegrid360\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid15220598\sftnbj {\*\pnseclvl1\pnucrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl2\pnucltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl3\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl4\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl5\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (} {\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl6\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl7\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl8\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl9 \pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\qc \li0\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\ipgp1\pararsid5991057 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\ul\insrsid9176335\charrsid5991057 The Republic of Uganda \line In the S}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\ul\insrsid5991057 upreme Court of Uganda. \line At Meng}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\ul\insrsid9176335\charrsid5991057 o }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid5991057 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9176335\charrsid5991057 (Coram: Tsekooko JSC, Karokora JSC, Mulenga JSC, Kanyeiha}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5991057 mba JSC, and Kikonyogo, JSC,). \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9176335\charrsid618938 Criminal Appeal No 15/1998 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5991057\charrsid618938 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9176335\charrsid5991057 Ochitti Lagol Patrick }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5991057 \'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85....}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9176335\charrsid5991057 Appellant. \line Vs. \line Uganda }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5991057 \'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85}{ \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9176335\charrsid5991057 Respondent. \line \'93(Appeal from the decision of the Court of Appeal \line at Kampala. Okello JA, Engwau JA, and Twinomujuni JA) dated 16/7/1998 in the Court of Appeal C}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5991057 riminal Appeal \line No.21 of 1997. \par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li0\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\ipgp1\pararsid5991057 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\ul\insrsid9176335\charrsid5991057 REASONS }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\ul\insrsid9176335\charrsid5991057 FOR THE JUDGMENT}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid5991057 \par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li0\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\ipgp1\pararsid5991057 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid8856585 This is an Appeal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9176335\charrsid5991057 against the decision of the Court of Appeal in its appellate jurisdiction. \line It came up for}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5991057 hearing before this court on 2nd}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9176335\charrsid5991057 November 1998. After hearing the counsel for both parties we dismissed the appeal and promised to give reasons l}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5991057 ater. We now give our reasons. \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9176335\charrsid5991057 Ochitti Lagol Patrick hereinafter to be called the appellant was arrested with one Okello, who escaped whilst on remand, for committing robbery and rape contrary to Sections 272 & 273 and 117 of The Penal Code Act respectively. The appellant was subsequently tried by the High Court sitting at Gulu and was convicted on three counts of capital robbery and t wo on rape. He was sentenced to death on all the five counts but sentences on the four counts were deferred. \par The brief facts of the case as found by the High Court and accepted by the Court of Appeal were that on 2}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5991057 4.4.1992 at II p.m. Sarafina Are}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9176335\charrsid5991057 ta, PWI an d her children hereinafter to be referred to as the victims were in their house at Baromol village in Gulu District when two men armed with a gun attacked them. During the incident which lasted for some two hours the victims recognized the appellant as on e of the assailants. They identified the second attacker as Okello. Both men were related to the victims and hence well known to them. The appellant pulled grass from the house and lit fire in two places in the compound and inside the house. He also carrie d lit grass to various places in the home apparently searching for money. There was also a tadooba light in the house already burning. The grass torch light enabled the victims to recognize assailants. The appellant tortured the victims. He shot at each on e of them many times but missed each time. He also beat them but fortunately none of them was seriously injured. Four of the victims who were cal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5991057 led as P. WI, P. W.2, (J. B. Komake}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9176335\charrsid5991057 ch), P. W.4, (Joyce Arach) and P. W.6, (Betty Auma) were definite that they correctly identified the appellant as one of th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5991057 e assailants who attacked them \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9176335\charrsid5991057 When the attackers eventually left they took some properties from the home which included cash, a T-Shirt, waragi, a bar of soap and an identit}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5991057 y card belonging to Akot, P. W 1\rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9176335\charrsid5991057 s son. They also abducted three of P. W.1\rquote s daughters. The appellant and Okello forced two of the girls, PW4 and PW6, to have sexual intercourse with them. However, later the girls managed to escape from the two men and returned to their mother. The matter was repo rted to the authority as a result of which the appellant was traced and arrested. He led the soldiers who arrested him to the recovery of the gun allegedly used in the robbery. He was subsequently charged with robbery with aggravation contrary to sections 272}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5991057 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9176335\charrsid5991057 & 273 on three counts and Rape Contrary to S. 117 on t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5991057 wo counts (of the Penal Code). \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9176335\charrsid5991057 During his trial, the appellant denied the charges in his sworn statement. He, however, admitted having led the soldiers to the recovery of the gun but he said it was due to torture. He put up a plea of alibi as his defence. He said that at the material time he was sleeping in his brother\rquote s house whom he call}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5991057 ed as one of his witnesses, D. W1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9176335\charrsid5991057 . The learned trial judge rejected his defence. He convicted and sentenced hi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5991057 m to death on all five counts. \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9176335\charrsid5991057 His appeal to the Court of Appeal was dismissed and the convictions on all five counts were upheld. The sentences of death on the three counts of robbery with aggravation were confirmed. However, the sentences of death on the t wo counts of rape were set aside to be substituted with lesser but appropr}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5991057 iate sentences of imprisonment. \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9176335\charrsid5991057 The appellant being aggrieved by the decision of the Court of Appeal lodged this appeal to this court. It is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5991057 based on three grounds namely:

\par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\ipgp1\pararsid1270361 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9176335\charrsid5991057 1. That t he learned justices of the Court of Appeal erred in law and fact in holding that the appellant had been properly identified when the circumstances that prevailed at the time did not}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5991057 favor correct identification. \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9176335\charrsid5991057 2. That the learned justices of the Court of Appeal erred in law and fact in holding that the offences of rape had been proved against the appellant when there was insufficient evide}{ \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5991057 nce to support such a finding. \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9176335\charrsid5991057 3. That the learned justices of the Court of Appeal erred in law and fact not to find the appellant if he was the culprit, which is denied, was on the prosecution evidence too drunk to be responsible for}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5991057 the acts of robbery and rape. \par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li0\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\ipgp1\pararsid5991057 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9176335\charrsid5991057 In his submissions, }{ \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5991057\charrsid5991057 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9176335\charrsid5991057 Zagyenda, learned counsel for the appellant, argued both the first and second grou nds together. He submitted that the High Court and Court of Appeal wrongly held that the identification was satisfactory. They erred to fin}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5991057 d that the appellant raped PW1\rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9176335\charrsid5991057 s daughters, PW4 and PW6. As far as Mr. Zagyenda was concerned the counsel who represe nted the appellant in the Court of Appeal did not put in all the vigour and effort to show that the conditions at the material time did not fav}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5991057 our correct identification. PW1\rquote s }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9176335\charrsid5991057 evidence fell, far too short of the required standard of proof. She was not sure when she first recognised the assailants. Her evidence must have been guess work. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5991057

\par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9176335\charrsid5991057 Although Mr}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5991057 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9176335\charrsid5991057 Z}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5991057 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9176335\charrsid5991057 gyenda conceded that, there was some light, he submitted that it was insufficient and of poor quality. It was raining too. That light could not have aided c orrect, identification by already frightened victims. The appellant was not properly identified as claimed by the prosecution witnesses. With regard to the rape charges. Counsel argued that as the trial judge found that it was dark when the two girls were raped, they could not have properly identified the appellant as one of their assailants or the rapis}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5991057 ts. \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9176335\charrsid5991057 On the third ground, Mr. Zagyenda submitted that even if not raised both the High Court and Court of Appeal ought to have found that the appellant was too drunk to have been responsible for the acts of robbery and rape}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid4140982 he is alleged he committed. His}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9176335\charrsid5991057 judgment was too impaired to form an intent to rob or rape. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5991057\charrsid5991057 Counsel}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9176335\charrsid5991057 , therefore, prayed the court to allow the appeal, quash the convictions and set aside the sentences of death and imprisonm}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5991057 ent, imposed on the appellant. \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9176335\charrsid5991057 In reply Mr. Bireije, the learned Principal State Attorney opposed the appeal. He supported the decision of the Court of Appeal. He conceded that the appeal depended entirely on correct iden tification by the prosecution witnesses. He submitted that the issue was properly considered by both the High Court and Court of Appeal. Counsel for the appellant did not mention the conditions which did not favour correct identification. Further the evid ence of the prosecution witnesses was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5991057\charrsid5991057 strengthened}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9176335\charrsid5991057 by the recovery of the stolen property belonging to the victims. There was no serious contradiction in PW l\rquote s evidence as claimed by Mr. Zagyenda. Mr. Bireije asked this court to dismiss the appeal and uphold the decision of the Court of Appeal. \line We are satisfied that the learned trial judge was, on the evidence adduced before him, justified in finding that the appellant had been correctly identified. He also came to the right conclusion}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5991057 when he found that two of P. W.1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9176335\charrsid5991057 s daughters, PW4 and PW6, were raped by the appellant. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5991057 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9176335\charrsid5991057 We find that the Court of Appeal properly examined and reevaluated the evidence on the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5991057\charrsid5991057 record. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9176335\charrsid5991057 We cannot fault their decision. We, too, agree that the conditions at the material time favoured correct identification. We do not accept }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5991057\charrsid5991057 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9176335\charrsid5991057 Zagyenda\rquote s submission that the prosecution witnesses could have been mistaken about the identity }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5991057 of the assailants and that PW1\rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9176335\charrsid5991057 s evidence was a guess. Her testimony was corroborated by that of her three children, PW2, PW4 and PW6. They were all definite that they recognised both assailants as Ochitti and Okello. The discrepancy as at what stage she re}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5991057 cognized the appellant, in PWI\rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9176335\charrsid5991057 s evidence }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9176335\charrsid5991057 was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9176335\charrsid5991057 minor and could be easily explained away on scrutiny of the evidence on record. We agreed with both the trial judge and the Court of Appeal that the conditions at the time of the incident satisfied the test laid down in the cases of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\ul\insrsid9176335\charrsid5991057 Roria Vs Republic 1967 E. A 583 and Abdala Bin Wendo & Another Vs R 1953 (20) EACA 166. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid5991057 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9176335\charrsid5991057 Firstly, there was sufficient light from the tadooba and fire from the grass lit by the assailants and put in three places in the home. Further the appellant car ried some of the lit grass to various places as he was searching for money. It is true it was raining but from the evidence on record it was only drizzling. It was not a heavy down fall to put out the bright fire from the grass, as testified by PW1, Areta . Secondly, all the prosecution eye witnesses, PW1, PW2, PW4 and PW6 knew the appellant very well. He and the second assailant, who escaped, were their relatives and lived in the neighbouring villages. Thirdly, these witnesses came very close to the appell a nt during the incident, especially as he was torturing them. Fourthly, the incident lasted for two hours although the appellant did not remain in one place. He was moving within the home. Fifthly, some of the items stolen during the incident like, T-Shirt , soap, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5991057\charrsid5991057 jerry can}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9176335\charrsid5991057 of waragi were recovered in circumstances that implicated the appellant with the commission of the offences for which he was convicted. With regard to identification on the two counts of Rape we are in agreement with the decision of the Co urt of Appeal. The appellant was properly identified at the home of the victims at Bormal Village. The court believed that the assailants abducted the girls, raped them and parted with them when the girls escaped from them. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5991057 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9176335\charrsid5991057 As for his defence, both the trial court and Court of Appeal rightly rejected the appellant\rquote s alibi. We agree that it was false. The defence witnesses did not support his case, whilst the evidence of the prosecution witnesses squarely put him at the scenes of the crimes at the material time. Hence, b}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5991057 oth grounds I and 2 must fail. \par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\ipgp1\pararsid1270361 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9176335\charrsid5991057 With regard to the procedural issue raised during the trial namely whether the appellant was properly charged with and convicted of rape since the victims were below 18 years the answer to this question is not hard to find. The definition of rape extends to girls under 18 years. Section 117 of the Penal Code reads inter alia that; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5991057 - \par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\ipgp1\pararsid1270361 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid9176335\charrsid5991057 Any }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid9176335\charrsid5991057 person who has unlawful carnal knowledge of a woman or a girl without her \line }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid9176335\charrsid5991057 consent }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid5991057 \'85\'85..}{ \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid9176335\charrsid5991057 is guilty of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid9176335\charrsid5991057 offence of Rape. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid5991057\charrsid5991057 \par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li0\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\ipgp1\pararsid5991057 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9176335\charrsid5991057 The section does not exclude a girl under the age of 18 years although defilement under Section 123 of the Penal Code is confined to girls under 18 years of age. We think that defilement was intended to protect young girls again st sexual abuse and disease by making proof easier since consent of the girl is no defence to the offence of defilement. The failure to indict the appellant with defilement was not detrimental to the prosecution case. It did not make the indictment defect ive, although it would have been more appropriate to charge him with defilement. There was evidence to prove rape so no miscarriage of justice occurred. We do not accept, as submitted by the learned principal state Attorney, }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5991057\charrsid5991057 Mr.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9176335\charrsid5991057 Denis Bireije, that a retria l on the two counts of rape will be necessary since defilement is not a minor cognate offence of rape. The Appellant was properly convicted of rape. In any case in the circumstances of this case a retrial will se}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5991057 rve no practical use. \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9176335\charrsid5991057 As for Mr. Zagyenda\rquote s submission on ground 3 that both the High Court and Court of Appeal should have found that appellant was too drunk to form the intention to rob and rape, intent was not in issue. Besides there was no evidence on which to base such a finding. Again this g round would fail. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid5991057 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9176335\charrsid5991057 It was for the aforesaid reasons that we dismissed the appellant\rquote s appeal, and upheld the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16730703 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9176335\charrsid5991057 de}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16730703 cision of the Court of Appeal. \par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li0\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\ipgp1\pararsid16730703 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid9176335\charrsid5991057 Dated at Mengo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16730703 this 4}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \super\insrsid16730703\charrsid16730703 th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16730703 day December l998. \par J. W. N Tsekooko}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16730703\charrsid12717734 \line }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\ul\insrsid16730703\charrsid7759841 Just}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\ul\insrsid16730703\charrsid7759841 ice of the Supreme Court }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid16730703 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16730703\charrsid12717734 A. N.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16730703 Kar}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16730703\charrsid12717734 okora \line }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\ul\insrsid16730703\charrsid7759841 Just}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\ul\insrsid16730703\charrsid7759841 ice of the Supreme Court }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid16730703\charrsid7759841 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16730703\charrsid12717734 J. N. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16730703 Mu}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16730703\charrsid12717734 lenga \line }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\ul\insrsid16730703\charrsid7759841 Just}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\ul\insrsid16730703\charrsid7759841 ice of the Supreme Court }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\ul\insrsid16730703 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16730703 G. W}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16730703\charrsid12717734 . Kanyeihamba \line }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\ul\insrsid16730703\charrsid7759841 Just}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\ul\insrsid16730703\charrsid7759841 ice of the Supreme Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\ul\insrsid16730703 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16730703\charrsid12717734 L. E. M. Mu}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16730703 kasa}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16730703\charrsid12717734 -Kikonyogo \line }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\ul\insrsid16730703\charrsid7759841 Just}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\ul\insrsid16730703\charrsid7759841 ice of the Supreme Court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\ul\insrsid16730703 \par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\ipgp1\pararsid16730703 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid1270361 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16730703\charrsid16730703 A}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16730703 ppellant absent \par Tayebwa holding brief for Zagyenda for appellant }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid15541084 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16730703 Respondent absent \par Judgement delivered}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid340286\charrsid5991057 \par }{\*\themedata 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