Sheikh Mohammed Lubowa v Kitara Enterprises Ltd (Civil Appeal 4 of 1987) [1987] UGSC 3 (3 July 1987)

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{\insrsid2716239 \chftnsepc \par }}\sectd \linex0\headery708\footery708\colsx708\endnhere\sectlinegrid360\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid8324683\sftnbj {\footer \pard\plain \s16\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar \tqc\tx4153\tqr\tx8306\pvpara\phmrg\posxr\posy0\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid2054681 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp2057 {\field{\*\fldinst {\cs17\insrsid2716239 PAGE }}{\fldrslt { \cs17\lang1024\langfe1024\noproof\insrsid10639029 1}}}{\cs17\insrsid2716239 \par }\pard \s16\ql \li0\ri360\widctlpar\tqc\tx4153\tqr\tx8306\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin360\lin0\itap0\pararsid2716239 {\insrsid2716239 \par }}{\*\pnseclvl1\pnucrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl2\pnucltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl3\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl4\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta )}} {\*\pnseclvl5\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl6\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl7\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl8 \pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl9\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\pard\plain \s15\qc \li0\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1 \widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\ipgp1\pararsid601090 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp2057 {\ul\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid601090 IN TH COURT OF APPEAL \line AT M}{ \ul\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 ENGO }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid601090 \line (CORAM: MANYINDO, V-}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 P, LUBOGO, }{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid601090 AG. J. A. & ODOKI J. A.) }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 \line }{\ul\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 CIVIL APP}{ \ul\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid601090 EA}{\ul\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 L NO. 4 OF 1987 }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid601090 \line BETWEEN \line SHEIKH MOHAMMED LUBOW}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 A}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid601090 :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: APPELLANT \line AND}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 \line KITARA ENTERPRISES LTD}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid601090 ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 RESPONDENT}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid601090 \line (Appeal from the judgment of }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 the High Court (Kato J.) dated \line 19}{\lang1033\langfe2057\super\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid601090 th}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 day of June, 1986. \line in \line High Court Civil Suit No. 129 of 1986) \line }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid601090 \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\ipgp1\pararsid601090 {\ul\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 JUDGMENT OF MANYINDO, V-P }{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid601090 \line This is an appeal against the judgment of Kato, J. }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 delivered on 12.6.86 in respect}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid601090 of a land dispute between the }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 parties. The case has a somewhat chequered history and its facts are a litt}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid601090 le}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 involv}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid601090 ed. The respondent company filed the suit in}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 the High Court against the appellant and one NaKIBULE for an Injunction restraining the appellant and Nakibule from evicting the respondent from the land comprised in Block }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid601090 245}{ \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 Plot 212 situate ate Kisugu, Kampala which land was the subject matter of tne suit. \line }{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid2054681 \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\ipgp1\pararsid16347410 {\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 The respondent\rquote s case was that they had purchased the disputed land from Nakibule (who was then second defendant) }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid2054681\charrsid16347410 while}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 the appellant}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid2054681 \rquote }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 s defence was that he was the registered proprietor of the same and that the respond ent was a trespasser as he was putting up houses on that land without the consent of the appellant. In his defence the appellant counterclaimed the eviction of the respondent as well as general damages for the alleged }{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid2054681\charrsid16347410 trespass}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 . \line }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid2054681 \par The ca}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 se was put before Karokora, J. for hear}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid2054681 ing. It is not clear when that w}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 as as the record}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid2054681 of the proceedings before Karo}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid2054681\charrsid16347410 kora; J}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 . was not made part}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid2054681 of the record of this appeal. We}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 were informed by counsel for the appellant at the nearing that the record of the proceedings before Karokor}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid2054681 a}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 , J. disappeared after he had delivered his decision on 28.3.83 hence appellant\rquote s inability to file same in this appeal. \line }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid2054681 \par }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 That decision was entitled \'93Ruling\'94. I must say I find that title not only }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid2054681\charrsid16347410 this leading}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 but quite improper. }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid2054681\charrsid16347410 What}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 actually happened was that }{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid2054681\charrsid16347410 Karokora;}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 J. heard the suit on its merits. It is stated in his \'93Ruling\'94 that when th}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid2054681 e case came up for hearing both }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 counsel for plaintiff and }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid2054681\charrsid16347410 the}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 defendants \'93consented to }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid2054681\charrsid16347410 calling}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 no evidence.\'94 The } {\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid2054681\charrsid16347410 only}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 evidence relied on was the appellant\rquote s certificate of Title for the disputed land which certificate was put in } {\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid2054681\charrsid16347410 evidence}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 by coun}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid2054681 sel for the appellant with consent}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 of the counsel for the respondent. \line }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid2054681 \par }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 Thereafter the counsel made their submissions which were based almost entirely on law. It seems cl}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid2054681 ear to me therefore that Karoko}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 ra, J. should have delivered a judgment and not a Ruling. \line }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid2054681 \par }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 To make matters worse, inste}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid2054681 ad of deciding the issues that }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 had been framed for }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid2054681\charrsid16347410 determination}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 , the learned judge, at his own behest, merely allowed the respondent to file a reply to the appellant\rquote s counterclaim, adding}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid2054681 \'93at this juncture, there is no }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 remedy available. \'94 \line }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid2054681 \par W}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 e were informed by counsel for the }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid2054681\charrsid16347410 appellant}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 from the bar that although }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid2054681\charrsid16347410 some}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 steps were taken by his client to }{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid2054681\charrsid16347410 appeal}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 against that Ruling, the appeal was abandone}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid2054681 d when the case file disappeare}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 d from the High C}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid2054681 ourt so that it became impossible}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 to prosecute the appeal. \line }{\i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid16073239 \par }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 As }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid16073239 tha}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16073239 t}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16073239 }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid16073239 Ruling}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid16073239\charrsid16347410 had}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 not decided the suit on its }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid16073239 merit, }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 the appellant, after }{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid16073239\charrsid16347410 abandoning}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 the}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid16073239 intended appeal, proceeded }{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 to defend the suit as filed by the }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid16073239\charrsid16347410 respondent}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 }{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid16073239\charrsid16347410 company}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 . \line As already pointed out it was heard by Kato,}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid16073239 }{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 J. }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid16073239 A}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 t the hearing before Karokora,J the }{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid16073239\charrsid16347410 respondent}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 had withdrawn the suit against the second}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid16073239 defendant - Na}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 kibule so that at the trial before Kato,}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid16073239 }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 J the suit }{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid16073239\charrsid16347410 was}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 between the parties to this appeal only. \line }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid16073239 \par }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 At the }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid16073239\charrsid16347410 hearing}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 , the respondent }{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid16073239\charrsid16347410 company}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid16073239 was not represented }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 although its counsel as well as its }{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid16073239\charrsid16347410 Managing}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 Director had been duly served with the hearing notice. Kato,}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid16073239 }{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 J therefore granted the appellant\rquote s request and dismisse}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid16073239 d the respondent\rquote s suit for non- prosecution}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 under Order }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16073239 9}{\i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 }{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 rule 19 of the }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid16073239\charrsid16347410 Civil}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 Procedure Rules. The trial thus proceeded on the }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid16073239\charrsid16347410 counterclaim}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 only. \line }{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid16073239 \par A}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 t the end of the trial Kato, J held that there was a valid agreement by the appellant to sell the disputed land to the res}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid16073239 po}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 ndent}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid16073239 and that, therefore, the respondent company was on t}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 he disputed land }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid16073239\charrsid16347410 lawfully (}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 with appellant\rquote s consent) and not as a trespasser. He accordingly }{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid16073239\charrsid16347410 dismissed}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 the appellant\rquote s }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid16073239\charrsid16347410 counterclaim}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid16073239 but without costs, as th}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 e respondent had not appeared at the trial. \line }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid16073239 \par }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 Four grounds of appeal w}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid16073239 ere filed and argued on behalf }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 of the appellant by his counsel, Dr. S}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11097031 empebwa. \line They are stated thus:-}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 \line }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11097031 \par }\pard \s15\ql \li720\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\ipgp1\pararsid11097031 {\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 \'931. The learned trial judge erred i}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11097031 n law when he held}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 that the Respondent }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11097031\charrsid16347410 was}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11097031 not a }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 trespasser}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11097031 on the disputed land contrary }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 to the weight of }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11097031\charrsid16347410 evidence}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 . \line }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11097031 \par }\pard \s15\ql \fi-720\li1440\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin1440\itap0\ipgp1\pararsid11097031 {\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 2. }{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11097031 \tab }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 The lea}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11097031 rned trial judge erred both in }{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid11097031 law}{\i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 and fact when he held that the \line }{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11097031 responde}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 nt wa}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11097031 s on the disputed land with }{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 th}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11097031 e}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 consent of the Appellant. \line }{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11097031 \par 3}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 . }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11097031 \tab }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 The learned trial judge }{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid11097031 erred}{\i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11097031 in both }{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 law and }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11097031 fact in holding that there was }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 a valid }{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11097031\charrsid16347410 and}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11097031 executed agreement by the }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11097031\charrsid16347410 appellant}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11097031 to sell the disputed land to }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 the Respondent. \line }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11097031 \par }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 4. }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11097031 \tab T}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 he lear}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11097031 ned trial judge\rquote s decision was }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 very much against}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11097031 the weight of evidence }{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 available on record.\'94 \line }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11097031 \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\ipgp1\pararsid11097031 {\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 I must }{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11097031\charrsid16347410 confess}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11097031 my inability to appre}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 ciate the impact of the fourth ground of }{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11097031\charrsid16347410 appeal. It}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11097031 is a \'93light-}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 weight\'94 ground that should normally be used as a \'93}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11097031\charrsid16347410 holding}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 \'94 ground of appeal to be filed in a provisional Memo randum of appeal whore an appellant or his counsel is unable for one reason or another, to prepare specific }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11097031\charrsid11097031 g}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid11097031 r}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11097031\charrsid11097031 o}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid11097031 unds}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 of appeal in time. They would then be filed l}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11097031 ater in the form of an amended memo}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 randum of }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11097031 appea}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 l. \line }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11097031 \par As}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 far as the first ground is concerned it seems clear to me that in order to prove the alleged trespass, it was }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11097031\charrsid16347410 incumbent }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11097031 o}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 n the appellant t}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11097031 o prove that the disputed land }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11097031\charrsid16347410 indeed}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 belonged to him, that the respondent had entered upon that land and that that entry was unlawful in that it was made wi}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11097031 thout his perm}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 issio }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11097031 n or that the respondent had no}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 claim or right or interest in the land. In his }{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11097031\charrsid16347410 judgment}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 the learned trial }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11097031\charrsid16347410 judge}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 easily found that e the appellant was the registered owner of the land. I should here per}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11097031 ha}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 ps point out that under section }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid11097031 56}{\i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 }{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 of the Registration of Titles }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11097031 A}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 ct (Cap 205) a Certificate of registration is to be reared as conclusive evidence of title. That finding }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11097031\charrsid16347410 was}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11097031 therefo}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 re, in favour of the appellant. \line }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11097031 \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\ipgp1\pararsid16347410 {\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 Entry to the disputed land was not dis}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11097031 puted by respondent. It was aver}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 red in their plaint that they had }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11097031\charrsid16347410 entered} {\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11097031 the disputed land, put up}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 a fen}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11097031 ce thereon and proceeded to cons}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 truct two houses on that land. The appellant led evidence, i}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11097031 ncluding that of Mr. Katende and Dr. Sem}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 peb}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11097031 wa whose firm was representing }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 him, wh ich clearly proved the entry. So the appellant also won on this point. \line }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11097031 \par }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 The real question }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11097031\charrsid16347410 was}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 , }{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11097031\charrsid16347410 therefore}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 , whether the appellant had consented to his land being used by the respondent. There was of course also the question whether the respondent had acquired mo right or interest in that land. }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11097031 A}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid11097031 s}{\i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11097031\charrsid11097031 f}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid11097031 ar}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 as trespass was concerned, the learned trial judge stated in his judgment that that issue would have been \line }{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11097031 \par }\pard \s15\ql \fi720\li0\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\ipgp1\pararsid11097031 {\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11097031 \'93probably simpler to resolve }{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 if }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11097031\charrsid16347410 both}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 parties had been heard\'94 \line }{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11097031 \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\ipgp1\pararsid11097031 {\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 He then went on to consider the testimony of Dr. Sempebwa which showed that }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11097031\charrsid16347410 acting}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 on the }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11097031 instructions of the appellant, }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 his firm h}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid9307738 ad}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 }{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid9307738\charrsid16347410 written}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid9307738 and sent a notice to the respo}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 n}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid9307738 dent}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid9307738\charrsid16347410 asking}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 them to quit the land. The latter had then offered to buy the land from the appellant }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid9307738 b}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid9307738 ut}{\i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 had failed to pay the }{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid9307738\charrsid16347410 agreed}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 price or part thereo}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid9307738 f. The learned judge held that: -}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 \line }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid9307738 \par }\pard \s15\ql \li720\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\ipgp1\pararsid9307738 {\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 \'93The plaintiff\rquote s (re}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid9307738 spondent) presence on the land }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 cannot therefore be said to ha}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid9307738 ve been wrongly or unlawful at } {\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 after that agreement had been reached. The \line plaintiff }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid9307738\charrsid16347410 having}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 been permitted to stay on }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid9307738 the }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 land under }{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid9307738 the contract of sale, he (sic) }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 cannot be referred to as a trespasser\'94. \line }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid9307738 \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\ipgp1\pararsid9307738 {\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 He was of }{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid9307738\charrsid16347410 the}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 view that the only remedy open to the }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid9307738\charrsid16347410 appellant}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 would have been for him to sue the respondent for an order for specif}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid9307738 ic performance of the contract -}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 the paymen}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid9307738 t of the contract sum. He said:-}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 \line }{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid9307738 \par }\pard \s15\ql \li720\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\ipgp1\pararsid9307738 {\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 \'93So}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid9307738 long as the contract is still }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 subs}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid9307738 is}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 tin}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid9307738 g}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 the }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid9307738 pla}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 intiff }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid9307738\charrsid16347410 cannot}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 be }{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid9307738\charrsid16347410 properly}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 \line called a trespasser.\'94 \line }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid9307738 \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\ipgp1\pararsid9307738 {\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 With respect, I think the learned trial judge misdirected himself both on the facts and the law on this point. }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid9307738 A}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 s far as consent was concerned the appellant had certainly not given it }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid9307738 when the respondent m}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid9307738\charrsid16347410 oved}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 on to t}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid9307738 he land and started to develop }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 it. Even in their plaint }{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid9307738\charrsid16347410 the}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid9307738 respondent company did}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 not claim that they had e}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid9307738 ntered the land pursuant to any}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 Agreement they had entered into }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid9307738\charrsid16347410 with}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 the appellant. \line }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid9307738 \par }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 The appellant testified that he never allowed the respondent to enter the land. In}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid9307738 deed in paragraph 4 of their plaint the respo}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 ndent company claimed that they filed }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid9307738\charrsid16347410 the}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 suit because the appellant had threatened to \'93forcibly evict\'94 there from the disputed land. In my opinion had the learned trial judge directed himself properly on this evidence he would have c}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12013960 ome to the conclusion that the ent}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 ry was }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12013960\charrsid16347410 unlawful}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 }{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12013960\charrsid12013960 as}{\b\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 it was not done w}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12013960 it}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 h the consent of }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12013960\charrsid16347410 the}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 appellant. \line It is remarkable that }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12013960\charrsid16347410 although}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 the respondent }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12013960\charrsid16347410 had}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 entered the disputed }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12013960\charrsid16347410 land}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12013960 on the streng}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 th of a purported sale and transfer of same to thorn by Na}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12013960 kibule, they withdrew the case }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 a}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12013960 gains}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 t him and then did not even bother to call him as a witness. It }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12013960\charrsid16347410 follows}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 , therefore, that the respondent did not }{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12013960 wish}{\b\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 to rely on that purported transfer. \line }{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12013960 \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\ipgp1\pararsid16347410 {\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 It is also significant that by the time the respondent approached counsel for the appellant for the purpose of negotiating a gale and purchase agreement of the disputed land, the }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12013960\charrsid16347410 respondent\rquote s}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 suit was already in court. It is not reasonable then to assume that the respondent company entered the negotiations after realising that they had no claim of interest in the land}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12013960 .}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 \line \line }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12013960 As }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 far as the law is concerned, the first question is whether }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12013960\charrsid16347410 the}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12013960 alleged ag}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 reement of sale and }{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12013960\charrsid16347410 purchase}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 would have validated }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12013960\charrsid16347410 the}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 original entry }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12013960 which was clearly unlawful. In }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 my opinion it could not. Assuming that there was a valid Agreement then the illegal }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12013960\charrsid16347410 occupation}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 and, therefore, trespass would have ceased only at the }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12013960\charrsid16347410 signing}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 of that }{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12013960\charrsid16347410 agreement}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 . The }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12013960\charrsid16347410 learned}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 trial judge does not seem to have appreciated this point. \line }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12013960 \par This brings me}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 to the question whether there was in fact a legal contract of }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12013960\charrsid16347410 sale}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 . This point is important be}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12013960 cause once it is }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 pro ved that the original entry was unlawful (as was the case here) then trespass is complete and it continues until it can be shown that the }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12013960\charrsid16347410 trespasser}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 has acquired a valid interest in the land which en}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12013960 titles him to continued occupa}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12013960\charrsid16347410 tion}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 or possession of same. \line }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12013960 \par }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 The evidence of Prof. Sempebwa clearly showed that both parties }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12013960\charrsid16347410 were}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 interest in effecting the proposed sale, but that the respondent did not pay the }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12013960\charrsid16347410 consideration}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12013960 the purchas}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 e price. It seems to }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12013960 t}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 rue that the purported }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12013960\charrsid16347410 agreement}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 was merely on attemp}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12013960 t to regulari}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 se the illegal }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12013960\charrsid16347410 occupation}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 on the part of the respondent. It was a case of a trespasser }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12013960 trying to obtain title under an}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12013960 agreem}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 ent which failed for }{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12013960\charrsid16347410 want}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 of consideration. \line }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12013960 \par }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 In my judgment had the }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12013960\charrsid16347410 learned}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 trial judge directed himself properly he wou}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12013960 ld have held that there was no }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12013960\charrsid16347410 valid}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 sale on even a contract of sale. He would thus have held that the respondent were trespassers throughout. \line }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12013960 \par }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 The learned trial judge did not bother to assess damages in view of his finding that there was no trespass. In my view it would have made matters much easier had he }{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12013960\charrsid16347410 addressed}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 the damages lest he was held to be }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12013960\charrsid16347410 wrong}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 on the issue of trespass as it has turned out to be }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12013960\charrsid16347410 the case}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12013960 . As}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 it is, I would allow this appeal, se}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12013960 t}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 aside de judgment of Kato,}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12013960 }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 J substitute a }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12013960\charrsid16347410 finding}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 t}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12013960 hat the }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 respondent were }{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12013960\charrsid16347410 guilty}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 of }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12013960\charrsid16347410 trespass}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12013960 and}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 remit the }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12013960\charrsid16347410 case}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 to the trial judge to assess }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12013960\charrsid16347410 the}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12013960 general damages. As for c}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 osts I would order that the appellant shall have th}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12013960 e costs of the appeal as well as}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 costs incurred in the suit in the }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12013960\charrsid16347410 lower}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 court}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12013960 . \line As both learned Justices of A}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 pea1 agree it is ordered as proposed in this judgment. \line }{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12013960 \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\ipgp1\pararsid12013960 {\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 Dated at Men}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12013960 go this 3}{\lang1033\langfe2057\super\langnp1033\insrsid12013960\charrsid12013960 rd}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12013960 day }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12013960\charrsid16347410 of }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12013960 July }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 1987. \line }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12013960 \par }\pard \s15\qc \li0\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\ipgp1\pararsid12013960 {\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 S. T. MANYINDO \line }{ \ul\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12013960 VICE-PRESIDE}{\ul\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 NT }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 \line }{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12013960 \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\ipgp1\pararsid12013960 {\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 Mr. E. F. Sempebwa counsel for the appellant. \line Counsel for respondent absent, respondent absent. \line }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12013960 \par I certify that this is a }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 true copy of }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12013960\charrsid16347410 the}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12013960 original ) \line (R}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 .}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13332643 I}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 .}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13332643 S. OYO}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 I}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13332643 T}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 ) \line }{ \ul\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 A}{\ul\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13332643 G. REGISTRA}{\ul\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 R}{\ul\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13332643 COUR}{\ul\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 T OF APPEAL.}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\ipgp1\pararsid16347410 {\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13332643 \par \par }\pard \s15\qc \li0\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\ipgp1\pararsid13332643 {\ul\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13332643 IN TH COURT OF APPEAL \line AT M}{ \ul\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13332643\charrsid16347410 ENGO }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13332643 \line (CORAM: MANYINDO, V-}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13332643\charrsid16347410 P, LUBOGO, }{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13332643 AG. J. A. & ODOKI J. A.) }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13332643\charrsid16347410 \line }{\ul\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13332643\charrsid16347410 CIVIL APP}{ \ul\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13332643 EA}{\ul\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13332643\charrsid16347410 L NO. 4 OF 1987 }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13332643 \line BETWEEN \line SHEIKH MOHAMMED LUBOW}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13332643\charrsid16347410 A}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13332643 :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: APPELLANT \line AND}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13332643\charrsid16347410 \line KITARA ENTERPRISES LTD}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13332643 ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13332643\charrsid16347410 RESPONDENT}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13332643 \line (Appeal from the judgment of }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13332643\charrsid16347410 the High Court (Kato J.) dated \line 19}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\super\langnp1033\insrsid13332643\charrsid601090 th}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13332643\charrsid16347410 day of June, 1986. \line in \line High Court Civil Suit No. 129 of 1986) \line }{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13332643 \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\ipgp1\pararsid16347410 {\ul\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13332643 JUDGMENT OF LUBO}{ \ul\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 G}{\ul\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13332643 O. J.}{\ul\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 A }{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 \line I hav}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13332643 e had the opportunity of reading}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 in d}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13332643 rift the judgment of Manyindo V-}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 P. }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13332643 \line I}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 agree with it and I have nothing to add. \line }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13332643 \par }\pard \s15\qc \li0\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\ipgp1\pararsid13332643 {\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13332643 Sgd.}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 \line }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13332643 \par }\pard \s15\qr \li0\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\ipgp1\pararsid13332643 {\ul\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 D. L. K. LUBOGO }{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 \line AG JUSTICE OF APPEAL. \line 3/7/87 \line }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13332643 \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\ipgp1\pararsid13332643 {\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 Mr. E. F. Sempebwa counsel for the appellant. \line Counsel for respondent absent, respondent abs}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13332643 ent. \line I certify that this is a }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 true copy of the }{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13332643\charrsid16347410 original)}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 \line S. }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13332643 OYOIT}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 \line }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13332643 AG.}{\ul\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13332643 REGISTRAR CO}{ \ul\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 URT OF APPEAL.}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\ipgp1\pararsid16347410 {\ul\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13332643 \par }\pard \s15\qc \li0\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\ipgp1\pararsid13332643 {\ul\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13332643 IN TH COURT OF APPEAL \line AT M}{ \ul\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13332643\charrsid16347410 ENGO }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13332643 \line (CORAM: MANYINDO, V-}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13332643\charrsid16347410 P, LUBOGO, }{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13332643 AG. J. A. & ODOKI J. A.) }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13332643\charrsid16347410 \line }{\ul\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13332643\charrsid16347410 CIVIL APP}{ \ul\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13332643 EA}{\ul\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13332643\charrsid16347410 L NO. 4 OF 1987 }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13332643 \line BETWEEN \line SHEIKH MOHAMMED LUBOW}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13332643\charrsid16347410 A}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13332643 :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: APPELLANT \line AND}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13332643\charrsid16347410 \line KITARA ENTERPRISES LTD}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13332643 ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13332643\charrsid16347410 RESPONDENT}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13332643 \line (Appeal from the judgment of }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13332643\charrsid16347410 the High Court (Kato J.) dated \line 19}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\super\langnp1033\insrsid13332643\charrsid601090 th}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13332643\charrsid16347410 day of June, 1986. \line in \line High Court Civil Suit No. 129 of 1986) \line }{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13332643 \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\ipgp1\pararsid16347410 {\ul\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13332643 JUDGMENT OF ODOKI J.}{ \ul\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13332643 \line I had}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid13332643 }{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 the benefit of }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13332643\charrsid16347410 reading}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 in draft the }{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13332643 judgment }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 prepared by the learned Vice Presid}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13332643 ent and I agree with it and }{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 the orders proposed by him. \line Dated at Mengo this 3}{\lang1033\langfe2057\super\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid13332643 rd}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13332643 day of July 1987. \line \par }\pard \s15\qc \li0\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\ipgp1\pararsid13332643 {\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13332643 Sgd}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 : \line }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13332643 \par }\pard \s15\qr \li0\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\ipgp1\pararsid13332643 {\ul\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13332643 B. J.}{ \ul\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 ODOKI }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13332643 \line JUSTICE }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 OF }{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13332643 APPEA}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid10639029 L.}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 \line }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid10639029 \par }\pard \s15\ql \li0\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\ipgp1\pararsid10639029 {\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid10639029 Mr. E. F. Sem}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 pebwa for Appellant \line }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid10639029\charrsid16347410 Counsel}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 for respondent absent, respondent absent. \line }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid10639029 \par I certify that this is a }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 true copy of the }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid10639029\charrsid16347410 original}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid10639029 . \line \line R. I. S. OYOIT}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 , \line }{\ul\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid10639029 AG.}{\ul\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 REGIS}{ \ul\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid10639029 TRAR }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 COU}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid10639029 RT}{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 }{ \ul\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 OF APP}{\ul\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid10639029 EA}{\ul\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 L}{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 \par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid16347410 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp2057 {\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1779860\charrsid16347410 \par }}