Uganda v Kizito Mutyaba (Criminal Case No.8 of 2003) [2004] UGHC 64 (22 July 2004)

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THE HIGH COURT OF UGANDA H}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 OLDEN AT KAMPALA \line CRIMINAL SESSION CASE NO. 08 OF 2003 \line }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid3627104 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 UGANDA }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid3627104 \'85\'85\'85..\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85 \'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 PROSECUTOR \line Versus \line KIZITO MUTYABA }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid3627104 \'85\'85 \'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85\'85.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 ACCUSED \line }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid3627104 \par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\ipgp1\pararsid3627104 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\ul\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 BEFORE: HON. MR. V. A. R. RWAMISAZI-KAGABA \line }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid3627104 \par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\ipgp1\pararsid5394472 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\ul\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 JUDGMENT}{ \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 \line }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 Kizito Mutyaba, who }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 I }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 shall refer to as \'93the accused\'94 in the rest of my judgment is indicted for the offence of defilement contrary to section 129(1) o f the Penal Code Act. It is alleged in particulars of the offence that Kizito Mutyaba, on the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid10449203 9th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 day of December 2001 at Lusaana village, in Mubende District, had unlawful sexual intercourse with Nakizula Irene, a girl under the age of 18 years.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid5394472 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 \line The acc used denied the charge and was represented at his trial by Senyonga Kamya, while the prosecution was conducted by Niyonzima Vincent, a State Attorney based at Mubende. The case of the prosecution rested on the evidence of five witnesses. The gist of that evidence is that three girls namely Irene }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8080815 Nakizula, (PW2) Twinomugisha H}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8080815\charrsid3627104 arriet}{ \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 (PW3) and Nabisubi. Pros (PW4) left school at about 1.00 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 p.m. }{ \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 to go and eat or catch grasshoppers at the home of Nabisubi. Nabisubi who was the niece to the accused suggested t hat they branch at the house of the accused. Accused was at home. They entered his house and he received them. As they were leaving the accused\rquote s house, he grabbed Nakizula, dragged her}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid5394472 to his bedroom and had forceful}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 sexual intercourse with her on his b ed. She felt pain and went out crying. She was bleeding from her vagina. She told her companions Twinomugisha and Nabisubi, who were waiting for her outside the accused\rquote s house that the accused had defiled her. The victim went home, reported to her mother that Kizito had defiled her. Her mother reported the sexual assault on their daughter to he}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid5394472 r father, Ronald Mutebi (PW5). \par \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 Mutebi reported the offence to Kasana Police Post }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid5394472 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 next day. The police directed Mutebi to arrest the accused, but when Mutebi went to the accused\rquote s house, at about midday, the accused was not at home. The accused was eventually arrested from the house of Gerald, while hidi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid5394472 ng and covered with a blanket. \par \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 The victim was taken to Dr. Wagaba who examined her on P. F. 3 on the 10/12/2001 and p}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid5394472 ut his findings on exhibit P1. \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 In his defence, the accused denied the charge but he admitted he was at his house and tha}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid5394472 t the three girls visited him. \par \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 In all criminal cases the burden of proving the guilt of the accused and the ingredients of the offenc e with which the accused is charged rests with the prosecution. The accused has no burden to prove his innocence or to disprove the prosecution testimony. The prosecution shall succeed on the strength of its evidence. The weakness of the defence case or l ies told by the accused shall not be a basis for }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid5394472\charrsid3627104 convicting}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 the}{ \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid5394472 accused, where a reasonable }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 doubt is created by the prosecution evidence or the evidence adduced by both sides, that doubt must be reso}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid5394472 lved in favour of the accused. \par \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 I directed the assessors as I also warn myself on what the burden of proof means, the standard of proof required and the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid5394472 meaning of a reasonable doubt. \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid4540776 See:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid4540776\charrsid4540776 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid4540776\charrsid4540776 (1) Woolim}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid4540776 ingt}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid5394472\charrsid4540776 on vs. D. P. P. (1935) A. C 462. \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid4540776\charrsid4540776 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid4540776 (2) Sekitole}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid5394472\charrsid4540776 ko vs. Uganda (1967) E. A. 531. \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid4540776\charrsid4540776 \tab (3) Ojepan}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid4540776 Ignatius vs. Uganda }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid4540776\charrsid4540776 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid4540776 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid4540776 Crimi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid5394472\charrsid4540776 nal Appeal No. 25/1995 (S. C.) \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid4540776\charrsid4540776 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid4540776 (4) Leonard Aniseth }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid4540776 vs. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid4540776\charrsid4540776 Republic (1963) E. A. 206}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid5394472\charrsid4540776 \par \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 This is}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid4540776 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 sexual offence where the courts have insisted on the victim\rquote s evidence being corroborated before a conviction of the accused is founded on it. This evidenc e may be direct or circumstantial. It may be in the form of expert opinion, such as a doctor. But the court can still convict, if after warning itself of the danger of convicting basing on uncorroborated evidence, it finds the testimony of the prosecutrix }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid4540776 truthful and reliable. \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 See: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid4540776 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid4540776 (1) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid4540776 Charles }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid4540776 Katen}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid4540776\charrsid4540776 de vs. Uganda (19 71) 2 ULR 10 \par \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid4540776 (2)Safa}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid4540776 ri Innocent vs. Uganda Criminal Appeal No. 20/1995 (S. C) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid4540776 \par \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 Both Nakizula (PW2) and Nabisubi (PW4) were witnesses of tender age who gave evidence on oath. It is not, ther efore, necessary as a matter of law to have their testimony corroborated under section 40(3) of the Trial on Indictments Act. But because of their tender age, and as a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid4540776 matter of caution, I}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 will look for some other evidence to corroborate theirs. I must bea r in mind that evidence which requires to be corroborated cannot corroborate other evidence which also requires to be co}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid4540776 rroborated as a matter of law. \par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\ipgp1\pararsid4540776 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid4540776 See: }{ \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid4540776\charrsid4540776 \tab (1)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid4540776\charrsid4540776 Lwanga}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid4540776 Yusuf vs. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid4540776 Uganda (1977,) HC}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid4540776 B 280 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid4540776\charrsid4540776 \par \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid4540776\charrsid4540776 (2)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid4540776 Uganda }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid4540776 vs. Benedicto }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid4540776 Kibwami }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid4540776 (1972) 2 ULR 29}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid4540776 \par \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid4540776\charrsid4540776 (3)}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid4540776 Kibangeny Arap Kolil}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid4540776 vs. R (1959) E. A. 92 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid4540776 \par \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 The accused is indicted for defilement which }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid4540776 consists of three ingredients: \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 a) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid4540776\charrsid3627104 That}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 the victim (Nakizula) was a girl below eighteen y}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid4540776 ears of age on the \line 9/12/2001. \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 b) She (Nakizula) was subjected to penetrative}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid4540776 sexual intercourse. \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 c) It was the accused, Kizito who ha}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid4540776 d sexual intercourse with her. \par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi-720\li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\ipgp1\pararsid4540776 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid4540776 See: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid4540776\charrsid4540776 \tab (1) Uganda vs. Ahim}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid4540776 bi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid4540776\charrsid4540776 sibwe Leonard alias Kanyampaka }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid4540776 H. C. Cr}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid4540776\charrsid4540776 iminal Session Case No. 161/99 \par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \fi720\li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\ipgp1\pararsid4540776 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid4540776 (2) Bassita Hussein vs. Uganda }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid4540776\charrsid4540776 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid4540776 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid4540776 Cr. Appeal }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid4540776\charrsid4540776 3}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid4540776\charrsid4540776 5/1995 (S.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid4540776 C.) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid4540776\charrsid4540776 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid4540776 \line }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 On the issue of age Nakizula stated she was now 13 years old attending P.7. She was brilliant and spoke good }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid4540776\charrsid3627104 English}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 . Her father, Ronald Mutebi told court that Nakizula was born on the 29/7/1990. Dr. Wagaba Francis examined the victim on P. F. 3 on the 10/12/2001 and found her }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid4540776 to be ten (10) years old then. \par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\ipgp1\pararsid4540776 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid4540776 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 Both the prosecution and the defence agreed that the victim was below 1 8 years and treated the age of the victim as an admitted fact. The court also finds after observing the victim in court that she wa s and still is a person below the age of eighteen years. The iss}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid15552640 ue of age is therefore proved. \par \par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\ipgp1\pararsid15552640 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 Sexual intercourse means the slightest penetration of a male penis into the female\rquote s vagina. A female is any person who is born a female from the minute she eme rges from the vagina of her mother. Sexual intercourse may be proved by direct or circumstantial evidence. It may be proved by expert evidence such as that of the doctor. That is why it always desirable that the \line victim in cases of defilement should be examined by a doctor whose opinion is relevant to prove the fact of sexual i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid15552640 ntercourse having taken place. \par \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 Whereas such accompanying features as ejaculation, presence of semen in the vagina, rapture of the hymen, hollow cavity of the vagina, injuries in o r around the vaginal area may be useful indicators of sexual intercourse having taken place, their absence do not exclude sexual i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid15552640 ntercourse having taken place. \par \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 As already stated, the prosecutrix was a young intelligent girl who narrated how the accused d ragged her to his bedroom thereby separating her from her colleagues \emdash PW3 and PW4. He pushed his penis into her vagina on his bed and the sex act lasted for a long time. \line }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid15552640 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 I find useful corroboration of her story in her bleeding from her vagina, feeling pain and reporting to both Twinomugisha and Nabisubi that Kiz}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid15552640 ito had defiled her. Both PW3 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 Twinomugisha and Nabisubi (PW4) saw her being dragged into the room by the accused and emerging }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid15552640\charrsid3627104 there from}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid15552640 while crying. \par \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 I also find the victim\rquote s story corroborated }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid15552640 by the findings of Dr. Wagaba - }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 on Exhibit P.1. He found Nakizula with injuries on her private parts, her hymen had been }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid15552640\charrsid3627104 ruptured}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 three days back and there were signs of her vagina having been penetrated about the same time. Finally the conduct of the accused lends substantial corroboration to the victim\rquote s story. The accused gave money to the girls, Nakizula being offered the highest amount to seduce his victim to surrender her sex to him,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid15552640 and if, the money was given }{ \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 after the act, to stop the victim and the other girls publishing the st}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid15552640 ory of Nakizula\rquote s defilement. \par \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 The accused did not stop at giving money, he raised the sound of his radio so that the cries of Nakizula could not be heard by people outside his house. Lastly, after the sex act on Nakizula, he escapes from his house to the house of Gerald }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid15552640 which is a mile from his house. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 While there, he covers himself with a blanket at a strange hour of midday. \line }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid15552640 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 The conduct of the accused as described above can only indicate a sense of guilt on his part after defiling Nakizula and c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid15552640 orroboration to her testimony. \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 See:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid15552640 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid1584627 (l) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1584627 Muhamed M}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid1584627 ukasa & anor }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid1584627 vs. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid1584627 Ugan}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1584627 da- Cr}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid15552640\charrsid1584627 iminal Appeal 27/95 (S. C.) \par \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid1584627 (2) Telesfora Alex & }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid1584627 anor }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid15552640\charrsid1584627 vs. Republic (I963) EA 140. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid15552640\charrsid1584627 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid1584627 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 Whereas lies told by an accused person may not form the basis of his con viction, such lies can provide useful corroboration of the prosecution case. The obvious lies told by the accused in this case are three. He}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid4866692 told a lie when he said Twinom}{ \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 ugisha had come to seduce him to be her husband. This story never surfaced when all three girls (PW2, 3 and 4) were testifying. The second lie was denying knowledge of Nakizula but later admitting he knew her and her father who he refused to give a commission after Mutebi (PW5) secured h}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid4866692 im a motor-cycle for purchase. \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 The third lie was about the motor-cycle deal with Mutebi which he did }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 not }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 raise when M}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid4866692 utebi was testifying in court. \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 All these lies tend to corroborate the prosecution story that the accused was the defiler of Nakizula. His lies and strange behaviour point to one conclusion of K}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid4866692 izito having defiled Nakizula. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 \par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li0\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\ipgp1\pararsid5394472 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 On the third ingredient, the accused was well known to the three girls \emdash his visitors at 4.00 p.m. The offence was committed in broad daylight. The accused in his testimony admitted being at his home when the victim and her friends came to his }{ \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid4866692\charrsid3627104 house}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 . All the three witnesses stated how they went to his house, how he dished money to them and how he took his victim to his room for sexual intercourse while T}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid4866692 wi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 nomugisha and Nabisubi cursed and protested that they were goin g to accuse him. The accused has therefore placed himself at the scene of crime when Nakizula was defiled. His subsequent conduct}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid4866692 of running away from home and h}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid4866692\charrsid3627104 id}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid4866692 i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid4866692\charrsid3627104 ng}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 at Gerald\rquote s house under cover of a blanket together with the lies he told at different s tages of the case, are evidence of his guilty knowledge and participation in the crime. All the factor}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid4866692 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 for proper identification were available to prosecution }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid4866692\charrsid3627104 witnesses}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 and I have no reason to doubt the prosecution story that it was Kizito who defiled Naki}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid4866692 zula. \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 In his defence, the accused said he was at his house when the three girls came there. He denied ever having sexual intercourse with Nakizula. He told court that the case was manufactured by the three girls because he refused to accept the marriage p roposal of Twinomugisha (PW4) and by Mutebi (PW5) who he refused to give a commission after Mutebi secured h}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid4866692 im a motor-cycle for purchase. \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 Where an accused alleges that a prosecution witness has told lies against him for a certain motive or grudge, that a llegation must be investigated, and if found to have any merit, the evidence of the witness must be considered and applied with caution. Short of rejecting the evidence of a prosecution witness which is tainted with a motive, and applying the necessary caution, the court may look for some other evidence to corroborate that evidence. \line }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid5455758 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid5455758 See: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid5455758\charrsid5455758 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid5455758 (1) R. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid5455758 vs. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid5455758 Beck }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid5455758 74 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid5455758 Criminal Appeal }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid4866692\charrsid5455758 Reports 74 \par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\ipgp1\pararsid4866692 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid4866692\charrsid5455758 \tab }{ \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid5455758 (2) Archbold\emdash l997Edition }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid4866692\charrsid5455758 par 16-17page 1498.

\par \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid5455758 (3) Stephen}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid5455758 Opo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid4866692\charrsid5455758 rocha vs. Uganda (1991) HCB 8. \par \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid5455758 (4) Odwong Deni}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid5455758\charrsid5455758 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid5455758 vs. Uganda (1992-93) HCB 70 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid5455758 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12145332 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 Applying the principles stated above to the present case, I find the allegations }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12145332\charrsid3627104 labeled}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 against the prosecution witnesses lacking any merit. All the witnesses accused of engineering the case against him gave evidence as PW2 to PW5. The accused did not raise any allegation against any of them.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12145332 The story sounds incredibly fal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 se against the three school children, who at their tender age, would not go out of their way to solicit the accused\rquote s love or marriage to one of them. I saw Muteb i in the witness box. He appeared a composed and serious man, who I think, would be the last person to engage in such dubious dealings as the acc}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12145332 used was imputing against him.

\par \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 I reject the accusations of the accused as mere lies coined by him to tarnish t he image and evidence of the prosecution witnesses. I found the witnesses the accused imputed a grudge or motive straight and un wavering in the way they prese}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12145332 nted their testimony in court. \par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\ipgp1\pararsid12145332 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 I observed one contradiction in the prosecution testimony and tha t was whether the accused gave money to the visiting girls before or after he defiled Nakizula. Does this contradiction render the evidence of the three girls unreliable? The general principle regarding the inconsistency in the evidence of witness or witn esses is that not every inconsistency will result in the witness\rquote s testimony being rejected. It is only grave inconsistency unless satisfactorily explained, which will usually, but}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12145332 not necessarily result in the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 evidence of a witness being rejected. Mino r inconsistency will not usually have that effect unless the court thinks they point}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12145332 to deliberate untruthfulness. \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 See }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12145332 \tab }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 (1) Serapio Tinkamalirwe vs. Uganda }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 - }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12145332 Criminal Appeal 27/1989(S. C) \par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\ipgp1\pararsid12145332 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 (2) Constantino}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12145332 Okwel alias Magendo vs. Uganda-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 Criminal Appeal No.}{ \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12145332 12/1990 (SC) \par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\ipgp1\pararsid12145332 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12145332 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 I find the timing and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12145332\charrsid3627104 sequence}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 when money was given a minor contradiction which can be explained in terms of the period that had elapsed since the event took place and their testifying about it. The inconsistency can also be explained in the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12145332 context of the a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 ge of Nakizula and the trauma to which she was being subjected by the accused. In light of the evidence given by the prosecution witnesses, who I found truthful and reliable, I find the defence given by th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12145332 e accused as nothing but lies. \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 After considering all the prosecution and defence evidence together, I find }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12145332\charrsid3627104 the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 prosecution has proved all the ingredients of the offence of defilement against the accused beyond reasonable doubt. In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12145332\charrsid3627104 agreement}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 with the opinion of both assessors, I find the accused guilty and convict him for the offence of defilement under section 129(1) of the Penal Code Act. \line }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12145332 \par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\ipgp1\pararsid12145332 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 V. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 A. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid3627104 R. Rwamisazi-Kagaba \line Judge \line 22/7/2004 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8804572\charrsid12145332 \par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5394472 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp2057 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid14830933\charrsid3627104 \par }{\*\themedata 504b030414000600080000002100828abc13fa0000001c020000130000005b436f6e74656e745f54797065735d2e786d6cac91cb6ac3301045f785fe83d0b6d8 72ba28a5d8cea249777d2cd20f18e4b12d6a8f843409c9df77ecb850ba082d74231062ce997b55ae8fe3a00e1893f354e9555e6885647de3a8abf4fbee29bbd7 2a3150038327acf409935ed7d757e5ee14302999a654e99e393c18936c8f23a4dc072479697d1c81e51a3b13c07e4087e6b628ee8cf5c4489cf1c4d075f92a0b 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