Uganda v Polly Senanda (Criminal Case No.24 of 1995) [1995] UGHC 23 (15 August 1995)

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)}}{\*\pnseclvl9\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\qc \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5454632 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp2057 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid5454632\charrsid5454632 THE REPUBLIC OF UGANDA \par IN THE HIGH COURT OF UGANDA AT JINJA \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid5454632 CRIMINAL SESSION CASE NO. 24/95}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid5454632\charrsid5454632 \par \par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5454632 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid5454632\charrsid5454632 UGANDA ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12611563 ::::::::::::}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid5454632\charrsid5454632 ::::::::: PROSECUTION \par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qc \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5454632 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid5454632\charrsid5454632 VERSUS \par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5454632 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid5454632 POLLY SENANDA::::::::::::::::::::}{ \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid5454632\charrsid5454632 ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid12611563 ::::::::::}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid5454632\charrsid5454632 :::::::::::::::::::ACCUSED \par BEFORE}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid5454632\charrsid5454632 : THE HONOURABLE JUSTICE C. M. KATO \par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5454632 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid5454632\charrsid5454632 \par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qc \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5454632 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid5454632\charrsid5454632 JUDGMENT \par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li0\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5454632 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid5454632 The accused person Polly Sem}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 anda (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid5454632 Al) is indicted for robbery c/ss}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 272 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 and 273(2) of the Penal Code Act. He }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid5454632\charrsid5454632 was}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 originally indicte}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid9576220 d with another man called Sula S}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 endagire (A2) who was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid9576220\charrsid5454632 acquitted}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 u}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid9576220 nder section 71(1) of the T. I. D as no case had been m}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid9576220\charrsid5454632 ade}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 out for }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid9576220\charrsid5454632 him}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 to answer after the close of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid9576220\charrsid5454632 c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid9576220 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid9576220\charrsid5454632 se}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 for the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid9576220\charrsid5454632 prosecution}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid9576220 This judgment is in respect of S}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 emanda alone. Th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid9576220 e indictment states that on 1-5-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 94 the accused r}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid9576220 obbed one Jalia Bawaye of 1,800,000}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 /= and that at the material time threat was made to use a deadly weapon in form of a knife. The accused}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid9576220 pleaded not guilty to the indict}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid9576220\charrsid5454632 ment}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid9576220 . \par Prosecution called a total}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 of 6 witnesses of whom only 2 were relevant in respect of this pa}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid9576220 rticular accused. The first witt}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid9576220\charrsid5454632 iness}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid9576220 was Seruwagi James (PW1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 ) whose evidence was to the e}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid9576220 ffect that on the evening of 1-5-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 94 he was sitting }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid9576220\charrsid5454632 outside}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 the shop of Jalia Bawaye and 2 men came there, they entered into the shop but after about a mi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid9576220 nute or two he heard Ja}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 l}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid9576220 ia raising an alarm an}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 d he saw the two men coming out of the shop. He chased one of them up to the taxi park where he caught him and brought him back to the shop. When he asked why he}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid9576220 had run he explained that he ru}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 n because he had s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid9576220 een somebody drawing out a gun}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 . }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid9576220 When}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 the accused\rquote s }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid9576220\charrsid5454632 bag}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 was opened there was a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 knife }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 and a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 cap. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 Jalia remarked that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid9576220 that was the ma}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 n who had wanted to stab her with }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid9576220 knife.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 The other evidence relied upon }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 b}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8070100 y the prosecution was from Mulis}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 o }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8070100 S}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 hafi (PW4) whose evidence is that on that evening he was in the shop }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 with }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 hi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8070100 s mother (Jalia) and 4 people came}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 in the shop, two remained on}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8070100 each side of the door and two went to the counter. Among}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 two }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8070100 w}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 ho went to the counter was the accused who asked }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8070100 for a bag}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 sugar. When his mother }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 going outside }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 get somebody who could assist in takin}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8070100 g out the sugar the accused gra}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8070100\charrsid5454632 bbed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8070100 her by the head a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 nd a scuffle ensued. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8070100\charrsid5454632 This}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8070100 particular witness join}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 ed the struggle and kicked the accused who run out. In }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 his }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 testimony he tol d the court that during the scuffle one of the men grabbed money from behind the counter }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8070100\charrsid5454632 and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 run }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 out with }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8070100 the money, he did not recognise}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 person }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 and according to him the accused had no knife. When the accused managed to }{ \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8070100 disentangle himself }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 he (accused) run out.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8070100 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 On his part the accused person who testified on oath told the court t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8070100 hat on that particular day (1-5-94) he went to the shop with a view of buying a b}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 ag of sugar which }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8070100 he}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 intended to use fo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8070100 r his marriage introduction on 20-5-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 94. He paid for the sugar }{ \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8070100 at 48,000}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 /= }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8070100\charrsid5454632 but}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8070100 as th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 e shop keeper was going to bring }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 somebody }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 who could }{ \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 take out }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 the bag to a place w}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8070100 here he could get transport 2 me}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 n entered the shop and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 one of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 them started assaulting him, there was a scuffle and the shop keeper started shouting for help. He then managed to escape and went out }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 side; }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 while }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 he }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8070100\charrsid5454632 outside}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 some }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 the people who had }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8070100 come}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8070100 answer the alarm asked him w}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8070100\charrsid5454632 hat}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8070100 had happened and he explain}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8070100\charrsid5454632 ed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8070100 to them how he had been a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8070100\charrsid5454632 ttacked}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 in the shop but they did not believe his story and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8070100\charrsid5454632 they}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8070100\charrsid5454632 alleged}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8070100 that he m}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 ay be one }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 the thieves. He was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8070100 mishandled }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 despite the shop }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 keeper\rquote s }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 pleading for him that he was an innocent customer. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 He was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8070100 eventually taken to police. \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 Judging from the above account of what happened it seems }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 there }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8070100 are}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 two }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 questions }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 which }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8070100\charrsid5454632 require}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 the determination }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8070100\charrsid5454632 this}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 court. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 The first question }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 whether }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 or not the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 offence of aggravated }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 robbery }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 was committed }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 the p}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8070100 rejudice of Jalia Bawaye on 1-5-94. The second ques}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 tion is whether or not the accused was a party to that robbery. I will deal wi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8070100 th the 2 questions in the 2 questions}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 in which they }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8070100\charrsid5454632 are}{ \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 placed above.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8070100 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 The offence of aggravated rob}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8070100 bery is committed when there has been theft a}{ \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 nd violence accompanied by actual use }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8070100 of a thre}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 at to use a deadly weapon. Concerning the first element of this offence there is the evidence of PW4 which shows that certain amount of money was in fact removed from his }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8070100\charrsid5454632 mother\rquote s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8070100 shop without her consen}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 t.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8070100 I believe him on that point and I hold that some}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 money was actually stolen}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid8070100 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11018777 although }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11018777\charrsid5454632 the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 exact }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11018777 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11018777\charrsid5454632 mount}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11018777 is unknown. (Amo}{ \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 ng the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11018777 w}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11018777\charrsid5454632 itnesses}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11018777\charrsid5454632 who}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 testified in court none was in a position to tell ho}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11018777 w}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 much money was actually }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11018777 taken). As for violence both PW4 an}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 d the accused do agree that there a scuffle at that time. In my opinion that scuffle }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11018777\charrsid5454632 amounted}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 to violence envi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11018777 saged in section 272 of the Penal}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 Code Act. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 Regarding }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 the issue }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 of deadly weapon being }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 used, the indictment }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 alleges }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 that one of the robbers was armed with a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 knife but }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 the ev}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11018777 idence on record which is rather}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 conflicting does }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 not }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 clearly show }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 as to whether or not }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 any }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 deadly weapon }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 was }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 involved. Ac}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11018777 cording to the evidence of Seru}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 w}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11018777 ag}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 i (PW1) he did not }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 see }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11018777\charrsid5454632 any}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11018777 weapon}{ \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11018777\charrsid5454632 until}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11018777 he opened the bag of the acc}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 used when he }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 saw }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 the knife after he had }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11018777 llegedly caught the accused. He }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11018777\charrsid5454632 however}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 says when he brought the accused to the s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11018777 hop the shop keeper Jalia Bawaye who unfortunately died of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 mening}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11018777 itis before she testified in the case, said: this}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 is the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11018777 man who wanted to stab me with a knife. PW}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 4\rquote }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11018777 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 a}{ \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11018777 statement is that he did not se}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 e any knife during }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 scuffle. Even if the story of PW1 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 true that Jalia said somebody want}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11018777 ed to stab her with a knife th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 at piece of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11018777 evidence in the absence of Jali}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 a\rquote s own statement is worthless as it }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 hearsay. It is true that the knife was found in accused\rquote s bag but that alone is not enough since at no time was it used or threatened to be used against anybody. PW4 who was in the shop would certainly have seen it if }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11018777\charrsid5454632 an}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11018777 ybody had tried to make use of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 it. In these ci}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11018777 rcumstances I find that prosecu}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 tion has }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11018777 not satisfactorily proved the existence of a deadly weapon }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 having been used in this ca}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11018777 se. In agreement with the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 opinion of the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11018777 gentlemen }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11018777\charrsid5454632 assessors}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 I hold that the of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11018777 fence of aggravated robbery was}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 never committed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11018777 but that of simple robbery was never}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 committed. In coming to this conclusion }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 I have }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 found a great deal }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 of comfort in the decision of this court in the case of: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11018777 Uganda v Kamusini s/o Seku and Another }{ \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11018777 (1976) HC}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 B 159}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11018777 .}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11018777 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 I now }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 turn }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 to t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11018777 he issue of whether or not the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 accused ever participated in the commission of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 this crime }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 of simple robbery. In deciding this issue one has to consider the evidence as adduced by each side, it is also }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 important to state from the very }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid3700791\charrsid5454632 beginning}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 the accused }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 does not d}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid3700791 eny having been at the scene of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 the crime when the crime was being committed what is in issue}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid3700791 is only whether or not he was a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 n innocent customer. As far as the accused is }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 concerned }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 he was an innocent }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid3700791 custom}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid3700791\charrsid5454632 er}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 in the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 shop, but prosecution has }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid3700791 been a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid3700791\charrsid5454632 dama}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid3700791 nt}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 that he was part }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid3700791 the thu}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 gs who invaded the shop. Considering the evidence as given by PW1 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid3700791 a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 nd }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid3700791 PW4 I am}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 inclined to state that the story as told by }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid3700791\charrsid5454632 the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 accused is more } {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid3700791\charrsid5454632 believable}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 than that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 as }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 told }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 by }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 the two prosecution wi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid3700791 tn}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 esses (PWI and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 PW4) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 for }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid3700791 the following reasons: \par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3700791 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 (1) }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 The }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 two }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid3700791\charrsid5454632 prosecution}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 witnesses conflicted themselves materially on three v}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid3700791 ital matters. \par (a) While PW1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 says that at the time this incident took place there was only Jalia and another woman in the shop, PW4 says}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid3700791 he was alone with his mother Ja}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 lia }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 another child }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid3700791 about 4 year}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 s old and there was no woman at all apart from his}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid3700791 mother; \par (b) While}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 PW4 says that }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 4 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 people in all entered the shop, 2 of them took }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid3700791\charrsid5454632 positions}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 on each side of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 shop and 2 advanced to the counter, PW1 says only }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 2 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid3700791 people came to the shop; \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 (c) While PW1 says Jalia spoke of having been threaten}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid3700791 ed}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 with a knife, PW4 says }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid3700791\charrsid5454632 he}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 did not see any knife }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid3700791\charrsid5454632 througho}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid3700791\charrsid5454632 ut}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 incident and }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid3700791 he does not speak o}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 f }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 any }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 threat of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid3700791 stabbing his mother ever having }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 been made. In my opinion these were major contradictions which went to the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 root of the case }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 as to what happened in that shop on that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid3700791 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 day. Those contradictions greatly served }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid3700791 weaken the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 prosecution case. There was no satisfactory explanation as to why these 2 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid3700791\charrsid5454632 witnesses}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 contradicted themselves so much, in the absence of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid3700791 such an explanation one is incl}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 ined t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid3700791 o}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 conclude }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid3700791\charrsid5454632 that}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid3700791 the recollection of the two witnesses w}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 as faulty. The situation would pos}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid3700791 sibly have been clarified had Ja}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 lia lived }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid3700791\charrsid5454632 long}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 enough to testify in this }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid3700791\charrsid5454632 court}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid3700791 as to what happened on that evening. \par \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 (2) The accused throughout maintained that he was an innocent customer and even Jalia pleaded for him. The only reason why he wa}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid3700791 s arrested was that he insisted}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 on }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid3700791\charrsid5454632 getting}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 his bag of sugar which he had paid for an}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid3700791 d had not been handed to him when}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 the intruders }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid3700791 cam}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid3700791\charrsid5454632 e}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 in. He told the story to PW1 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid3700791 when he}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 asked him what he w as doing in the shop, he replied that he had gone to buy sugar, when asked by the policema}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid3700791 n PW5, about the matter he told}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 him the same thing, in court he insisted that he was an innocent customer who }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid3700791\charrsid5454632 was}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 caught up in a incident which was not of his making. Ho was not shaken by the long and stiff cross examination by the learned counsel for prosecution }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid3700791 M}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid3700791\charrsid5454632 r.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid3700791 Okwanga.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 He impressed }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 me as a }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid3700791\charrsid5454632 person}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 who tol}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid3700791 d the truth about this matter. \par \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 In all these circumstances I find that prosecution has not proved its }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid3700791 ca}{ \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid3700791\charrsid5454632 se}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 to the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid3700791 standard }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 required to secure a secure conviction and as a result a doubt has risen i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid3700791 n my mind regarding accused\rquote s }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 guilt, I find the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid9067712 accused not guilty and I do acq}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid9067712\charrsid5454632 uit}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 him. I have not followed the advice given to }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 me }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 by the gentlemen assessors to convict the accused of simple robbery because they did not appear to have addressed their minds properly to the evide}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid9067712 nce as produced by both sides. \par \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 The accused is to be released from pris}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid9067712 on forthwith unless he is being}{ \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 held there for some other lawful purposes. The 3 exhibits (a bag Exh. P1, a knife Exh. P2 and a cap }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid9067712 E}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 xh. P3) are to be handed to the accused as }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 it }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 is not }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid13120876\charrsid5454632 dispute that he is the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid9067712\charrsid5454632 lawful}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid9067712 owner of that property. so I order. \par \par C. M. KATO \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid9067712\charrsid9067712 JUDGE \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid9067712 15/8/1995 \par }\pard\plain \ltrpar\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5454632 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp2057 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid14830933\charrsid5454632 \par }{\*\themedata 504b030414000600080000002100828abc13fa0000001c020000130000005b436f6e74656e745f54797065735d2e786d6cac91cb6ac3301045f785fe83d0b6d8 72ba28a5d8cea249777d2cd20f18e4b12d6a8f843409c9df77ecb850ba082d74231062ce997b55ae8fe3a00e1893f354e9555e6885647de3a8abf4fbee29bbd7 2a3150038327acf409935ed7d757e5ee14302999a654e99e393c18936c8f23a4dc072479697d1c81e51a3b13c07e4087e6b628ee8cf5c4489cf1c4d075f92a0b 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