Uganda v Simbwa Noah (HCT-00-CR-SC-0029 of 2002) [2002] UGHC 15 (15 November 2002)

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)}}{\*\pnseclvl8 \pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl9\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\pard\plain \s15\qc \li0\ri0\sl480\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \b\fs28\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\insrsid9451544 THE REPUBLIC OF UGANDA \par }\pard\plain \qc \li0\ri0\sl480\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\fs28\insrsid9451544 IN THE HIGH COURT OF UGANDA AT KAMPALA \par CASE NO. HCT-00-CR-SC-0029 OF 2002 \par }\pard\plain \s16\ql \li0\ri0\sl480\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \b\fs28\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\insrsid9451544 UGANDA ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: PROSECUTOR \par }\pard\plain \s1\qc \li0\ri0\sl480\slmult1\keepn\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel0\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \b\fs28\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\insrsid9451544 VERSUS \par }\pard\plain \s2\ql \li0\ri0\sl480\slmult1\keepn\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel1\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \b\fs28\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\insrsid9451544 SIMBWA NOAH ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: ACCUSED \par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\sl480\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\b\fs28\ul\insrsid9451544 \par }{\b\fs28\ul\insrsid9451544 BEFORE: HON. MR. JUSTICE J. B. A. KATUTSI: \par \par JUDGMENT: \par \par }\pard\plain \s17\ql \li0\ri0\sl480\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs28\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\insrsid9451544 The accused at the bar stand indicted for defilement an offence contrary to section 123 (1) of the Penal Code Act. \par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\sl480\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\fs28\insrsid9451544 \par It is alleged that the accused during the month of February 2001 at Lusaze Zone B in Kampala District did have unlawful carnal knowledge of Nansubuga Saddah, a girl under the age of 18. Prosecution called 4 witnesses. PW1 Dr. Nsereko Mukasa is a police surgeon. He examined prosecutrix on 15/3/2001 and found that she was aged about 16 years. She had no injuries

on her body and clinical assessment showed that she was 12 weeks pregnant. The second witness was prosecutrix herself. She testified that accused was a neighbour of her brother-in-law where she was staying during school holidays. On 30/1/2001 she was a t the home of her brother. Her elder sister was not at home. Accused took the opportunity to take her to his house where he proceeded to play sex with her on a sofa set. Though she made an alarm it was not answered. When he sister returned home she tol d her of what had be fallen her. Her sister and her husband reported the matter to the area Lc Chairman. Later she was medically examined. In cross-examination she said she could not actually recall the date on which she was allegedly sexually abused bu t said the month was February. Namutebi Hensifa is the elder sister of the prosecutrix. She testified that prosecutrix was staying with her during the month of February 2001. Accused was their neighbour. One day in February when she returned home from w ork prosecutrix told her that accused had sexually abused her. She reported the matter to the area Lc Chairman. Accused disappeared from the place and came back after 2 weeks. When asked about the allegation made by her sister he admitted and wrote a d ocument admitting the offence. \par \par The last witness was the father of the prosecutrix. He testified that his daughter was born in 1986. When he learnt that she had been sexually abused he reported the matter to police. Accused made an unsworn \par statement denying the offence. The offence of defilement has three ingredients which prosecution must prove in order to secure a conviction. There are:- \par \par {\listtext\pard\plain\fs28 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (1)\tab}}\pard \ql \fi-720\li1080\ri0\sl480\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx1080\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin1080\itap0 {\fs28\insrsid9451544 That prosecution at the time of the commission of the offence was under the age of 18 years. \par }\pard \ql \li360\ri0\sl480\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin360\itap0 {\fs28\insrsid9451544 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\fs28 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (2)\tab}}\pard \ql \fi-720\li1080\ri0\sl480\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx1080\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin1080\itap0 {\fs28\insrsid9451544 That there was penetration, and \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\sl480\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\fs28\insrsid9451544 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\fs28 \hich\af0\dbch\af0\loch\f0 (3)\tab}}\pard \ql \fi-720\li1080\ri0\sl480\slmult1\widctlpar\jclisttab\tx1080\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\ls1\adjustright\rin0\lin1080\itap0 {\fs28\insrsid9451544 That penetration of the female organ was by the accused in the dock. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\sl480\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\fs28\insrsid9451544 \par The burden of proof rests entirely on prosecutrix throughout the case and never shifts to the accused. It is discharged on proof beyond any reasonable doubt. \par \par Though learned counsel submitted that the age of prosecutrix was not proved, I am satisfied that prosecution proved the 15}{\fs28\super\insrsid9451544 th}{\fs28\insrsid9451544 ingredient beyond reasonable doubt. \par \par There is evidence of the police surgeon that clinical assessment showed that prosecutrix when examined on 15/8/2001 was found to be 12 weeks pregnant. The question of penetration therefore was put to rest. That not with standing simple arithmetic shows that accused was not responsible for the pregnancy. A period of 12 weeks means 3 months. From the 30/1/ 001 to 15/3/2001 cannot by any stretch of imagination be 12 weeks. At most this was a period of 7 weeks. I very carefully studied the demeanour of the prosecutrix while in the witness box. She appeared to me to be a stranger to truth. Although her eld e r sister claimed that the matter was reported to the area Lc Chairman, the evidence of the Chairman was marked more by its absence than its presence. It is claimed that accused made an admission, which was reduced into writing. The writer of the documen t was not called so the document had no probative value. But if surely prosecutrix was sexually abused, how come that the matter was not reported to police. Why wait for her father to report the matter about 5 weeks later? Although corroboration may not be of essence in law, in a case like his one where the court is doubtful about the varicity of the prosecutrix it becomes a must. It is simply lacking here. \par \par I am in complete agreement with the assessors that prosecution have failed to prove their case to the required degree. I find accused not guilty and acquit him. He is to be set free unless held on other lawful orders. \par \par \par J. B. A. Katutsi \par }\pard\plain \s3\ql \li0\ri0\sl480\slmult1\keepn\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\outlinelevel2\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \b\fs28\ul\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\insrsid9451544 JUDGE \par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\sl480\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\insrsid9451544 \par }\pard\plain \s17\ql \li0\ri0\sl480\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs28\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\insrsid9451544 Judgment delivered in the presence of the accused and counsel. \par \par \par J. B. A. Katutsi \par }{\b\ul\insrsid9451544 JUDGE \par }{\b\insrsid9451544 15/11/2002 \par }\pard \s17\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\insrsid9451544 \par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\fs28\insrsid9451544 \par \par }}