Uganda Vs. Walyamboga Kazimini (Crim. Case No. 12 Of 1999) (Crim. Case No. 12 of 1999) [2001] UGHC 111 (9 April 2001)

{\rtf1\adeflang1025\ansi\ansicpg1252\uc1\adeff31507\deff0\stshfdbch31505\stshfloch31506\stshfhich31506\stshfbi0\deflang1033\deflangfe1033\themelang1033\themelangfe0\themelangcs0{\fonttbl{\f0\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman;}{\f34\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02040503050406030204}Cambria Math;} {\flomajor\f31500\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman;}{\fdbmajor\f31501\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman;} {\fhimajor\f31502\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02040503050406030204}Cambria;}{\fbimajor\f31503\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman;} {\flominor\f31504\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman;}{\fdbminor\f31505\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman;} {\fhiminor\f31506\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 020f0502020204030204}Calibri;}{\fbiminor\f31507\fbidi \froman\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 02020603050405020304}Times New Roman;}{\f182\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;} {\f183\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}{\f185\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}{\f186\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}{\f187\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);} {\f188\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}{\f189\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}{\f190\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}{\f522\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Cambria Math CE;} {\f523\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Cambria Math Cyr;}{\f525\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Cambria Math Greek;}{\f526\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Cambria Math Tur;}{\f529\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Cambria Math Baltic;} {\flomajor\f31508\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}{\flomajor\f31509\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}{\flomajor\f31511\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;} {\flomajor\f31512\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}{\flomajor\f31513\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}{\flomajor\f31514\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);} {\flomajor\f31515\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}{\flomajor\f31516\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}{\fdbmajor\f31518\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;} {\fdbmajor\f31519\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}{\fdbmajor\f31521\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}{\fdbmajor\f31522\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;} {\fdbmajor\f31523\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}{\fdbmajor\f31524\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}{\fdbmajor\f31525\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;} {\fdbmajor\f31526\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}{\fhimajor\f31528\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Cambria CE;}{\fhimajor\f31529\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Cambria Cyr;} {\fhimajor\f31531\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Cambria Greek;}{\fhimajor\f31532\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Cambria Tur;}{\fhimajor\f31535\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Cambria Baltic;} {\fbimajor\f31538\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}{\fbimajor\f31539\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}{\fbimajor\f31541\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;} {\fbimajor\f31542\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}{\fbimajor\f31543\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}{\fbimajor\f31544\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);} {\fbimajor\f31545\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}{\fbimajor\f31546\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}{\flominor\f31548\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;} {\flominor\f31549\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;}{\flominor\f31551\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}{\flominor\f31552\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;} {\flominor\f31553\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);}{\flominor\f31554\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}{\flominor\f31555\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;} {\flominor\f31556\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}{\fdbminor\f31558\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}{\fdbminor\f31559\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;} {\fdbminor\f31561\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}{\fdbminor\f31562\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}{\fdbminor\f31563\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);} {\fdbminor\f31564\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}{\fdbminor\f31565\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}{\fdbminor\f31566\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);} {\fhiminor\f31568\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2 Calibri CE;}{\fhiminor\f31569\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset204\fprq2 Calibri Cyr;}{\fhiminor\f31571\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset161\fprq2 Calibri Greek;}{\fhiminor\f31572\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset162\fprq2 Calibri Tur;} {\fhiminor\f31575\fbidi \fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 Calibri Baltic;}{\fbiminor\f31578\fbidi \froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}{\fbiminor\f31579\fbidi \froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr;} {\fbiminor\f31581\fbidi \froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek;}{\fbiminor\f31582\fbidi \froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur;}{\fbiminor\f31583\fbidi \froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew);} {\fbiminor\f31584\fbidi \froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic);}{\fbiminor\f31585\fbidi \froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic;}{\fbiminor\f31586\fbidi \froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese);}} {\colortbl;\red0\green0\blue0;\red0\green0\blue255;\red0\green255\blue255;\red0\green255\blue0;\red255\green0\blue255;\red255\green0\blue0;\red255\green255\blue0;\red255\green255\blue255;\red0\green0\blue128;\red0\green128\blue128;\red0\green128\blue0; \red128\green0\blue128;\red128\green0\blue0;\red128\green128\blue0;\red128\green128\blue128;\red192\green192\blue192;}{\*\defchp \fs22\loch\af31506\hich\af31506\dbch\af31505 }{\*\defpap \ql \li0\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1 \widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 }\noqfpromote {\stylesheet{\ql \li0\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af31507\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\f31506\hich\af31506\dbch\af31505\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \snext0 \sqformat \spriority0 Normal;}{\*\cs10 \additive \ssemihidden \sunhideused \spriority1 Default Paragraph Font;}{\* \ts11\tsrowd\trftsWidthB3\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\trcbpat1\trcfpat1\tblind0\tblindtype3\tscellwidthfts0\tsvertalt\tsbrdrt\tsbrdrl\tsbrdrb\tsbrdrr\tsbrdrdgl\tsbrdrdgr\tsbrdrh\tsbrdrv \ql \li0\ri0\sa200\sl276\slmult1 \widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs22\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs22\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\f31506\hich\af31506\dbch\af31505\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \snext11 \ssemihidden \sunhideused \sqformat Normal Table;}{\s15\ql \li0\ri0\sb100\sa100\sbauto1\saauto1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\f0\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 \sbasedon0 \snext15 \styrsid16466674 Normal (Web);}}{\*\rsidtbl \rsid7868199\rsid10902712\rsid11800608\rsid16466674}{\mmathPr\mmathFont34\mbrkBin0\mbrkBinSub0 \msmallFrac0\mdispDef1\mlMargin0\mrMargin0\mdefJc1\mwrapIndent1440\mintLim0\mnaryLim1}{\info{\author rakello}{\operator rakello}{\creatim\yr2010\mo12\dy2\hr12\min41}{\revtim\yr2010\mo12\dy6\hr10\min29}{\version3}{\edmins20}{\nofpages8}{\nofwords2480} {\nofchars11720}{\nofcharsws14172}{\vern32859}}{\*\xmlnstbl {\xmlns1 http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/word/2003/wordml}}\paperw12240\paperh15840\margl1440\margr1440\margt1440\margb1440\gutter0\ltrsect \widowctrl\ftnbj\aenddoc\trackmoves1\trackformatting1\donotembedsysfont1\relyonvml0\donotembedlingdata0\grfdocevents0\validatexml1\showplaceholdtext0\ignoremixedcontent0\saveinvalidxml0\showxmlerrors1\noxlattoyen \expshrtn\noultrlspc\dntblnsbdb\nospaceforul\formshade\horzdoc\dgmargin\dghspace180\dgvspace180\dghorigin1440\dgvorigin1440\dghshow1\dgvshow1 \jexpand\viewkind1\viewscale100\pgbrdrhead\pgbrdrfoot\splytwnine\ftnlytwnine\htmautsp\nolnhtadjtbl\useltbaln\alntblind\lytcalctblwd\lyttblrtgr\lnbrkrule\nobrkwrptbl\snaptogridincell\allowfieldendsel\wrppunct \asianbrkrule\rsidroot16466674\newtblstyruls\nogrowautofit\usenormstyforlist\noindnmbrts\felnbrelev\nocxsptable\indrlsweleven\noafcnsttbl\afelev\utinl\hwelev\spltpgpar\notcvasp\notbrkcnstfrctbl\notvatxbx\krnprsnet\cachedcolbal \nouicompat \fet0 {\*\wgrffmtfilter 2450}\nofeaturethrottle1\ilfomacatclnup0\ltrpar \sectd \ltrsect\linex0\endnhere\sectlinegrid360\sectdefaultcl\sftnbj {\*\pnseclvl1\pnucrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl2\pnucltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl3\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl4\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl5\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl6\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl7\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl8\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl9\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}} \pard\plain \ltrpar\s15\qc \li0\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10902712 \rtlch\fcs1 \af0\afs24\alang1025 \ltrch\fcs0 \fs24\lang1033\langfe1033\loch\af0\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\cgrid\langnp1033\langfenp1033 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 THE REPUBLIC OF UGANDA \line \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 IN THE}{ \rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 HIGH COURT OF UGANDA AT MBALE \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid7868199 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 HCT-04-CR-CS-00}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 12/1999 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 UGANDA }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid10902712 \loch\af0\dbch\af31505\hich\f0 \'85\loch\af0\dbch\af31505\hich\f0 \'85 \loch\af0\dbch\af31505\hich\f0 \'85\loch\af0\dbch\af31505\hich\f0 \'85\loch\af0\dbch\af31505\hich\f0 \'85\loch\af0\dbch\af31505\hich\f0 \'85\loch\af0\dbch\af31505\hich\f0 \'85\loch\af0\dbch\af31505\hich\f0 \'85\loch\af0\dbch\af31505\hich\f0 \'85 \loch\af0\dbch\af31505\hich\f0 \'85\loch\af0\dbch\af31505\hich\f0 \'85\loch\af0\dbch\af31505\hich\f0 \'85\loch\af0\dbch\af31505\hich\f0 \'85\loch\af0\dbch\af31505\hich\f0 \'85\loch\af0\dbch\af31505\hich\f0 \'85\loch\af0\dbch\af31505\hich\f0 \'85 \loch\af0\dbch\af31505\hich\f0 \'85\loch\af0\dbch\af31505\hich\f0 \'85\loch\af0\dbch\af31505\hich\f0 \'85\loch\af0\dbch\af31505\hich\f0 \'85\loch\af0\dbch\af31505\hich\f0 \'85\loch\af0\dbch\af31505\hich\f0 \'85\loch\af0\dbch\af31505\hich\f0 \'85 \loch\af0\dbch\af31505\hich\f0 \'85\loch\af0\dbch\af31505\hich\f0 \'85\loch\af0\dbch\af31505\hich\f0 \'85.....}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 PROSECUTOR \line }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 VERSUS \line }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 WALYAMBOGA KAZIMINI }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid10902712 \loch\af0\dbch\af31505\hich\f0 \'85\loch\af0\dbch\af31505\hich\f0 \'85}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid7868199 ...}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid10902712 \loch\af0\dbch\af31505\hich\f0 \'85 \loch\af0\dbch\af31505\hich\f0 \'85\loch\af0\dbch\af31505\hich\f0 \'85\loch\af0\dbch\af31505\hich\f0 \'85\loch\af0\dbch\af31505\hich\f0 \'85\loch\af0\dbch\af31505\hich\f0 \'85\loch\af0\dbch\af31505\hich\f0 \'85\loch\af0\dbch\af31505\hich\f0 \'85 \loch\af0\dbch\af31505\hich\f0 \'85\loch\af0\dbch\af31505\hich\f0 \'85\loch\af0\dbch\af31505\hich\f0 \'85\loch\af0\dbch\af31505\hich\f0 \'85\loch\af0\dbch\af31505\hich\f0 \'85\loch\af0\dbch\af31505\hich\f0 \'85\loch\af0\dbch\af31505\hich\f0 \'85 \loch\af0\dbch\af31505\hich\f0 \'85\loch\af0\dbch\af31505\hich\f0 \'85\loch\af0\dbch\af31505\hich\f0 \'85}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ACCUSED}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid10902712\charrsid10902712 \par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li0\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10902712 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\ul\insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 BE\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 FORE}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\ul\insrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 HON. MR. JUSTICE D. N. MANIRAGUHA \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\ul\insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 JUDGMENT }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid10902712 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 The accused person is indicted for defilement C/S. 123 (1) of the Penal Code Act, and the particular}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 \hich\f0 s are that \'93\loch\f0 Walyamboga Kazimini,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 on the \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 25th \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 day of October, 1998 at Lukonje village in the Mbale District, un\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 lawfully had sexual intercourse with Polina Bwayilisa a gi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 \hich\f0 rl under the age of 18 years.\'94\loch\f0 \par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10902712 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 On arraignment the accused denied the charge and so the prosecution bears the burden of proving }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 each ingredient of the offence \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 See: \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 - }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 R-vs-Sims (1946) 1 KB, 531. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10902712 \par \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Th\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 e burden never shifts from the prosecution who must prove the c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 harge beyond reasonable doubt. \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Serugo -vs- Uganda (1978) H. C. B.1. Leonard Ariseth -vs- Republic (1963) E. A.20. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid10902712 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 The court should not convict an accused person on the weakness of his defence or \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 on mere suspicion but on the str}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ength of the prosecution case. \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Ismael Epaku S/o}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Achietu -vs- R. (1934) 1 E. A. C. A. 166.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10902712 \par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li720\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10902712 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10902712 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 1. unlawful s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10902712\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 exual intercourse with a girl. \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 2. that the girl was below 18 years a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10902712\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 t the time of the offence, and \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 3. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 that the accused p}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10902712\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 erson was the one responsible}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 . \par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li0\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10902712 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 In an endeavour to establish the offence, the prosecution led the evidence of five witnesses who included the girl victim Polina Bwayilisa (P. W.3) and her mo}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ther Margret Namataka (P. W.2). \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 On the first ingr\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 edient the prosecution adduced the evidence of Bwayilisa Polina to prove that there was unlawful sexual intercourse with her. In her sworn testimony she photographically and vividly described her ordeal with a man she mentioned as Stephene Mugonyi whom sh \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 e\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 pointed at as th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 e one in the dock-the accused. \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 She stated that on that day (25.10.98) she met the man at 10:00 a.m. in a garden as she went to the place-banana plantation to collect food. The man got hold of her and threw her down. He removed her knicker\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 s, got his male sexual organ and inserted it into her doing bad things to her. She explained that he ha}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 d sexual intercourse with her. \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 After that sexual assault on her she went home at around 11:00 a.m. and immediately reported to her mother who checked he\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 \hich\f0 r private parts and found there blood and what she called \'93\loch\f0 water.\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 The mothe}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 r called people and they came. \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 P. W.2 Margret Namataka did tell court how she sent her daughter to the banana plantation to collect food but she returned without it. She told her a \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 \hich\f0 s to how she had been sexually intercoursed by the accused-\'94\loch\f0 \hich\f0 Mugonyi\'94\loch\f0 in the plantat}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ion. The mother checked the girl}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 \hich\f0 s private parts and found there blood whereas there were \'93\loch\f0 \hich\f0 sperms\'94\loch\f0 on her half }{ \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10902712\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 petty}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 and her clothes were dirty. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10902712 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 In these circumstance\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 s court has heard the evidence of the victim which is direct evidence, and the same is sufficiently corroborated by her distressed condition (as she came back crying) as well as the mother\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s own observations of the girl\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s clothes and private parts. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10902712 \par \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 In}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 my o\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 pinion this is sufficient evidence to prove the act of unlawful sexual intercourse. It was rightly co}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 nceded by the defence \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Counsel \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 . \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 On the second ingredient the evidence of the mother is that she produced this girl in August 1987 on a Tuesday. In cross-ex\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 amination she explained as her Birth Certificate got destroyed in their house which caught fire. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10902712 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 The girl herself appeared in court and clearly stated that her age is now 15 years, so at the time of this incident she was thirteen years old. Doctor Netuwa \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Emmanuel who examined her on 29.10.98 found her to be of the age of 13 years at that time. Defence counsel has conceded this. I am satisfied on evidence that the girl was below 18 years at the time as even I had the chance to see her in court and came up \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 w}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ith my own opinion of her age. \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Considering the third ingredient of participation by the accused person, the prosecution adduced the direct evidence of the girl (P. W.3) to establish that it was the accused person and no one else responsible for the act. Th\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 is has been denied by the accused and vehemently con}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 tested by the defence counsel. \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 The accused person was offered his chance to defend himself, and in his testimony he only gave evidence as to the events of 26.10.98 when he was arrested by one Joseph Male\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 nge from the place where he had gone to attend a meeting of people with disabilities. This was on a Monday. He never talked about his whereabouts and his \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 movements on 25.10.98 when the defilement took place. He called the evidence of one witness in his\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 support. This was one Paskali Gibone. It is him who gave court some evidence on the accused\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s movements pertaining to 25.10.98 around 10:00-11:00 a.m when the of}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 fence was allegedly committed. \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 On the other hand, the prosecution led the evidence of Polina \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Bwayilisa the victim herself. This is what has been described thus: }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 - \par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li720\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10902712 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \loch\af0\dbch\af31505\hich\f0 \'93}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7868199\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Normally}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 in sexual offences the evidence of the victim is the best on the issue of penetratio}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 \hich\f0 n and even of identification.\'94\loch\f0 \par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li0\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10902712 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Badru Mwidu-vs-}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid10902712\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Uganda (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 1994-95) H. C. B.1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 1. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10902712 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Polina Bwayilisa\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 in her sworn in testimony in court vividly described how she was attacked in the banana plantation by a man she called Mugonyi Stephene. She pointed at the accused person as that man who had sexual intercourse with her. She stated that he had a panga at \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 t\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 hat time and threatened her with it before grabbing her and throwing her down, then having sexual intercourse with her. Further, she told court that she had known him for a long time as she was born when he was there. (I presume she meant she knew him fro \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 m\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 early childhood). She however said he had no other name apart from Mugonyi Stephene. She said he lives a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 bout 30metres from their home. \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Concerning the names of the accused, there is evidence on record to s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 how that he is known as Mugonyi,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 as well as Kanzim}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ini Walyamboga. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 P. W.2 Margret Namataka calls him Kanzimin}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 i}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Mugonyi whereas P. W.4 Benjamin Mayoka, the L. C. I chairperson calls him Kanzimini Walyamboga. But in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10902712\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 cross-\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 examination}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 he confirmed that people also call him Mugonyi. So this girl was right to say he\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 was Mugonyi and pointed at him in the dock. From her long time knowledge of }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10902712\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 him}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 and seeing that the offence took place during broad day light the possibility of mistaken identity is ruled out. The confusion in names is explained by the use of many names \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 by the accused. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10902712 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Addressing myself to the issue of corroboration, it is our law that there is need for cor}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 roboration in sexual offences. \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Thus in }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Chila & \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Another }{ \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid10902712 -}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 vs- \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Republic (1967\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ) E. A,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 722 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 it was stated as follows:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10902712 \par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li720\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid10902712 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \loch\af0\dbch\af31505\hich\f0 \'93\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 The Judge should warn the Assessors and himself of the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 danger of acting on uncorroborated testimony of the complainant, but having done so he may convict in the absence of corroboration if he is satisfied t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 \hich\f0 hat her evidence is truthful.\'94\loch\f0 \par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li0\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid10902712 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 I did duly warn the\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 assessors of this in my summing up to them and I do proceed to warn myself that presently it is a settled rule of practice that in sexual offences the court has to look for corroborative evidence to both the fact of identification of the person alleged t \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 o\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 have defiled the girl and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 the act of defilement itself. \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 George Bangirana vs- }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid10902712\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Uganda (}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \ul\insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 1975) H. C. B.361. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10902712 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 What is required is the corroboration should be sufficient to afford sort of independent or unimpeachable evidence to show that the child is speaking th \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 e truth with regard to the particular accused person she seeks to implicate. That there is some material evidence tending to connect the accused with the offence. Such corroboration n}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 eed not be by direct evidence. \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Circumstantial evidence implicating the a\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ccused person can be corroboration, so also a fabricated l}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ie in appropriate circumstan\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ces \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Turning to the evidence on record on this issue as regards corroboration, there is the evidence o}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 f the mother that this g\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 irl cam}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 e back crying and immediately reporte \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 d to her. She was distressed. The girl told \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 her \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 that the accused (Mugonyi Stephene) had had forcibl}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 e sexual intercourse with her. \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 On observation the mother saw semen on the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10902712\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 petty}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 coat and blood in her private parts. The mother did in court identify the ac\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 cused as the man reported to her by her daughter. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10902712 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 In fact the best corroborative evidence was provided by no other person than th}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 e sole witness of the accused. \par \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 D. W. I}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 \hich\f0 Paskali Gibone who was correctly described by the defence Counsel as \'93\loch\f0 a truthful witn \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 \hich\f0 ess\'94\loch\f0 did inform court that he was with the accused in the banana plantation at around 10:00 a.m. on 25/10/98. That he was cutting banana fibres to use in thatching his house. The two talked to each other and were one and a half meters apart. So he must ha \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 v}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 e recognized the accused. \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 In cross-examination he revealed that the accused person was using a panga to cut the banana fibres. They talked to each other for two minutes and parted at around 10:15 a.m. and he did not see where the accused went from there. \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 He could not account for the a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ccused\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s movements thereafter. \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Coincidentally this is the exact time the girl was coming from home and was in their plantation to collect food. She met the attacker who had a panga and he sexually assaulted her. She could not\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 have made up the story of a panga, which is confirmed by this witn}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ess that the accused had a panga.}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 So her evidence is credible and corroborated. The accused was in the vicinity of the scene of crime at that time and had the chance of possibly having sexua\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 l intercourse with this girl after he had}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 just parted with his witness. \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 As pointed out above, the accused did not speak about his movements on 25.10.98, but the evidence of his own witness clearly puts him at the scene of the crime, and the girl\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s evidenc\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 e finally pins him down to t}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 he commission of this offence. \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Before I can conclude this case, I must examine the evidence of Doctor Netuwa Emmanuel in light o}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 f the last part of Mr. Mwambu\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 learned counsel for the defence, had to say about these findings. }{ \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10902712 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 That the doctor found no signs of a struggle on the girl\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s body yet the mother described the scene as if there had been resistance and a big struggle having taken place. That her }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 clothes wer\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 e soiled and dirty. \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 I have considered this apparent contradic\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 tion but taken it as minor in that it was explained in the girl\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s evidence. She stated that the attacker had a panga with which he threatened her. Then he grabbed her and threw her down and had sexual intercourse with her. The mother may have exaggerated \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 h \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 er observations at the scene. But she explained that for her it looked like there had been a big struggle, a}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7868199 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 place where people had slept. \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 The girl did tell court that when he threw her down as she made noise the accused would try to cover her mouth. This\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 may explain the size of the area where this took place as some movement must have taken place in trying to c}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7868199 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 over her mouth and defile her. \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 However the girl did not say that she struggled with him nor offered sufficient or any resistance as would leave vi\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 sible marks on her body to be seen four days later. This may explain wh}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7868199 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 y the doctor did not find any. \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 As for the rupture of the hymen, the doctor stated that if the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7868199 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 rupture had taken place in a \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 week}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7868199\charrsid10902712 \loch\af0\dbch\af31505\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 time he would have been able to tell the time. That it h\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ad been rupt}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7868199 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ured long ago, and not recent. \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 But it was not the prosecution\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s case that by that day the girl was a Virgo intacta, nor was it put to her in cross-examination. So the hymen could have been ruptured long ago but this would not lessen the guilt \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 of anybody who had unlawful sexual intercourse with her so long as she was below 18 years. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7868199 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 As for the doctor finding no injuries consistent with force having been used, the assailant having so frightened the girl with a panga could have had easy access\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 to her as she stated that her only reaction was to try and raise an alarm, which was}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7868199 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 being muffled by the accused. \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 As for the gi}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7868199 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 rl\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s clothes being soiled, D. W. I}{ \rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 told court that it had rained. So the likelihood of the girl\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s clothes getting soiled cannot \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 be ruled out. But it would not necessarily follow that the clothes of Walyamboga should also have been soiled when his witness saw him. Their seeing each other, looking at the sequence }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7868199 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 o}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 f events, has in fact been established to have been before the incident}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7868199 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 . \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 On the issue of the accused being disabled, this does not persuade me that thus he could not defile. This is a man who could go to the banana plantation and cut banana fibres unaided. The next day he walked to the meeting of the other disabled. Such dis \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ability did not amount to inability to defile. I reject }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7868199 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 this insinuation. I inference. \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Having}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7868199 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 analyzed the evidence as above,}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 I have no doubt whatsoever, that the accused person was the person who defiled Polina Bwayilisa. The prosecution has proved the c\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ase beyond reasonable doubt and the }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7868199 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 accused deserves a conviction. \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 In agreement with the opinions given by both lady and gentlemen assessors that the accused be found guilty and convicted as indicted, I do find Walyamboga Kazimini guilty and convict him o\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 f }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16466674\charrsid7868199 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 defilement C/S. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16466674\charrsid7868199 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 123 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7868199\charrsid7868199 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 (1) of the}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7868199 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Penal Code Act. \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\ul\insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 COURT:}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\ul\insrsid7868199 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\ul\insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 - Sentence\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 on Reasons. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid7868199 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 The accused person is treated as a first offender. He has been on remand since 3/1 1/98 and it is submitted on his behalf that he is sorry and repentant. Court has been asked to consider his family and that his age is 70 years nearing his lif \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 e\hich\f0 \rquote \loch\f0 s end, so he should be allowed to go home till that occurs. The actual age should be sixty-seve}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7868199 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 n years from the charge sheet. \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 I have considered all the above and more especially his age. But that did not stop him from committing the offence and he shoul\hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 d have borne it in mind before indulging in the sexual act with a girl of thirteen years fit to be his granddaughter. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7868199 \par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qj \li0\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7868199 {\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Hoping that he has learnt from the period of remand and that he is sincere in his repentance, looking at his age and disability. I would \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 have considered a sentence of imprisonment that would befit the offence to be ten years in custody, but the one that befits the off}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7868199 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 ender in this case is six years}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 in custody which the accused deserves. }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7868199 \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Considering that he has been on remand }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16466674\charrsid7868199 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 since }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16466674\charrsid7868199 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 3/1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7868199 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 1}{\rtlch\fcs1 \ai\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16466674\charrsid7868199 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 /98 }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16466674\charrsid7868199 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 (2 years and}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 five months) he shall serve \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 3 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 years and seven}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7868199 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 months. I pass that sentence. \par \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 R/}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid16466674\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 A }{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7868199 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 within 14 days is explained. \par \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 Accused is committed. \par }\pard \ltrpar\s15\qc \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\wrapdefault\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid7868199 {\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid7868199 \par \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 D. N. MANIRAGUHA \par \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 JUDGE \par }{\rtlch\fcs1 \ab\af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \b\insrsid7868199\charrsid10902712 \hich\af0\dbch\af31505\loch\f0 9.4.2001}{\rtlch\fcs1 \af0 \ltrch\fcs0 \insrsid7868199\charrsid10902712 \par }{\*\themedata 504b030414000600080000002100828abc13fa0000001c020000130000005b436f6e74656e745f54797065735d2e786d6cac91cb6ac3301045f785fe83d0b6d8 72ba28a5d8cea249777d2cd20f18e4b12d6a8f843409c9df77ecb850ba082d74231062ce997b55ae8fe3a00e1893f354e9555e6885647de3a8abf4fbee29bbd7 2a3150038327acf409935ed7d757e5ee14302999a654e99e393c18936c8f23a4dc072479697d1c81e51a3b13c07e4087e6b628ee8cf5c4489cf1c4d075f92a0b 44d7a07a83c82f308ac7b0a0f0fbf90c2480980b58abc733615aa2d210c2e02cb04430076a7ee833dfb6ce62e3ed7e14693e8317d8cd0433bf5c60f53fea2fe7 065bd80facb647e9e25c7fc421fd2ddb526b2e9373fed4bb902e182e97b7b461e6bfad3f010000ffff0300504b030414000600080000002100a5d6a7e7c00000 00360100000b0000005f72656c732f2e72656c73848fcf6ac3300c87ef85bd83d17d51d2c31825762fa590432fa37d00e1287f68221bdb1bebdb4fc7060abb08 84a4eff7a93dfeae8bf9e194e720169aaa06c3e2433fcb68e1763dbf7f82c985a4a725085b787086a37bdbb55fbc50d1a33ccd311ba548b63095120f88d94fbc 52ae4264d1c910d24a45db3462247fa791715fd71f989e19e0364cd3f51652d73760ae8fa8c9ffb3c330cc9e4fc17faf2ce545046e37944c69e462a1a82fe353 bd90a865aad41ed0b5b8f9d6fd010000ffff0300504b0304140006000800000021006b799616830000008a0000001c0000007468656d652f7468656d652f7468 656d654d616e616765722e786d6c0ccc4d0ac3201040e17da17790d93763bb284562b2cbaebbf600439c1a41c7a0d29fdbd7e5e38337cedf14d59b4b0d592c9c 070d8a65cd2e88b7f07c2ca71ba8da481cc52c6ce1c715e6e97818c9b48d13df49c873517d23d59085adb5dd20d6b52bd521ef2cdd5eb9246a3d8b4757e8d3f7 29e245eb2b260a0238fd010000ffff0300504b03041400060008000000210096b5ade296060000501b0000160000007468656d652f7468656d652f7468656d65 312e786d6cec594f6fdb3614bf0fd87720746f6327761a07758ad8b19b2d4d1bc46e871e698996d850a240d2497d1bdae38001c3ba618715d86d87615b8116d8 a5fb34d93a6c1dd0afb0475292c5585e9236d88aad3e2412f9e3fbff1e1fa9abd7eec70c1d1221294fda5efd72cd4324f1794093b0eddd1ef62fad79482a9c04 98f184b4bd2991deb58df7dfbb8ad755446282607d22d771db8b944ad79796a40fc3585ee62949606ecc458c15bc8a702910f808e8c66c69b9565b5d8a314d3c 94e018c8de1a8fa94fd05093f43672e23d06af89927ac06762a049136785c10607758d9053d965021d62d6f6804fc08f86e4bef210c352c144dbab999fb7b471 7509af678b985ab0b6b4ae6f7ed9ba6c4170b06c788a705430adf71bad2b5b057d03606a1ed7ebf5babd7a41cf00b0ef83a6569632cd467faddec9699640f671 9e76b7d6ac355c7c89feca9cccad4ea7d36c65b258a206641f1b73f8b5da6a6373d9c11b90c537e7f08dce66b7bbeae00dc8e257e7f0fd2badd5868b37a088d1 e4600ead1ddaef67d40bc898b3ed4af81ac0d76a197c86826828a24bb318f3442d8ab518dfe3a20f000d6458d104a9694ac6d88728eee2782428d60cf03ac1a5 193be4cbb921cd0b495fd054b5bd0f530c1931a3f7eaf9f7af9e3f45c70f9e1d3ff8e9f8e1c3e3073f5a42ceaa6d9c84e5552fbffdeccfc71fa33f9e7ef3f2d1 17d57859c6fffac327bffcfc793510d26726ce8b2f9ffcf6ecc98baf3efdfdbb4715f04d814765f890c644a29be408edf3181433567125272371be15c308d3f2 8acd249438c19a4b05fd9e8a1cf4cd296699771c393ac4b5e01d01e5a30a787d72cf1178108989a2159c77a2d801ee72ce3a5c545a6147f32a99793849c26ae6 6252c6ed637c58c5bb8b13c7bfbd490a75330f4b47f16e441c31f7184e140e494214d273fc80900aedee52ead87597fa824b3e56e82e451d4c2b4d32a423279a 668bb6690c7e9956e90cfe766cb37b077538abd27a8b1cba48c80acc2a841f12e698f13a9e281c57911ce298950d7e03aba84ac8c154f8655c4f2af074481847 bd804859b5e696007d4b4edfc150b12addbecba6b18b148a1e54d1bc81392f23b7f84137c2715a851dd0242a633f900710a218ed715505dfe56e86e877f0034e 16bafb0e258ebb4faf06b769e888340b103d3311da9750aa9d0a1cd3e4efca31a3508f6d0c5c5c398602f8e2ebc71591f5b616e24dd893aa3261fb44f95d843b 5974bb5c04f4edafb95b7892ec1108f3f98de75dc97d5772bdff7cc95d94cf672db4b3da0a6557f70db629362d72bcb0431e53c6066acac80d699a6409fb44d0 8741bdce9c0e4971624a2378cceaba830b05366b90e0ea23aaa241845368b0eb9e2612ca8c742851ca251ceccc70256d8d87265dd96361531f186c3d9058edf2 c00eafe8e1fc5c509031bb4d680e9f39a3154de0accc56ae644441edd76156d7429d995bdd88664a9dc3ad50197c38af1a0c16d684060441db02565e85f3b966 0d0713cc48a0ed6ef7dedc2dc60b17e92219e180643ed27acffba86e9c94c78ab90980d8a9f0913ee49d62b512b79626fb06dccee2a432bbc60276b9f7dec44b 7904cfbca4f3f6443ab2a49c9c2c41476dafd55c6e7ac8c769db1bc399161ee314bc2e75cf8759081743be1236ec4f4d6693e5336fb672c5dc24a8c33585b5fb 9cc24e1d4885545b58463634cc5416022cd19cacfccb4d30eb45296023fd35a458598360f8d7a4003bbaae25e331f155d9d9a5116d3bfb9a95523e51440ca2e0 088dd844ec6370bf0e55d027a012ae264c45d02f708fa6ad6da6dce29c255df9f6cae0ec38666984b372ab5334cf640b37795cc860de4ae2816e95b21be5ceaf 8a49f90b52a51cc6ff3355f47e0237052b81f6800fd7b802239daf6d8f0b1571a8426944fdbe80c6c1d40e8816b88b8569082ab84c36ff0539d4ff6dce591a26 ade1c0a7f669880485fd484582903d284b26fa4e2156cff62e4b9265844c4495c495a9157b440e091bea1ab8aaf7760f4510eaa69a6465c0e04ec69ffb9e65d0 28d44d4e39df9c1a52ecbd3607fee9cec7263328e5d661d3d0e4f62f44acd855ed7ab33cdf7bcb8ae889599bd5c8b3029895b6825696f6af29c239b75a5bb1e6 345e6ee6c28117e73586c1a2214ae1be07e93fb0ff51e133fb65426fa843be0fb515c187064d0cc206a2fa926d3c902e907670048d931db4c1a44959d366ad93 b65abe595f70a75bf03d616c2dd959fc7d4e6317cd99cbcec9c58b34766661c7d6766ca1a9c1b327531486c6f941c638c67cd22a7f75e2a37be0e82db8df9f30 254d30c1372581a1f51c983c80e4b71ccdd28dbf000000ffff0300504b0304140006000800000021000dd1909fb60000001b010000270000007468656d652f74 68656d652f5f72656c732f7468656d654d616e616765722e786d6c2e72656c73848f4d0ac2301484f78277086f6fd3ba109126dd88d0add40384e4350d363f24 51eced0dae2c082e8761be9969bb979dc9136332de3168aa1a083ae995719ac16db8ec8e4052164e89d93b64b060828e6f37ed1567914b284d262452282e3198 720e274a939cd08a54f980ae38a38f56e422a3a641c8bbd048f7757da0f19b017cc524bd62107bd5001996509affb3fd381a89672f1f165dfe514173d9850528 a2c6cce0239baa4c04ca5bbabac4df000000ffff0300504b01022d0014000600080000002100828abc13fa0000001c0200001300000000000000000000000000 000000005b436f6e74656e745f54797065735d2e786d6c504b01022d0014000600080000002100a5d6a7e7c0000000360100000b000000000000000000000000 002b0100005f72656c732f2e72656c73504b01022d00140006000800000021006b799616830000008a0000001c00000000000000000000000000140200007468 656d652f7468656d652f7468656d654d616e616765722e786d6c504b01022d001400060008000000210096b5ade296060000501b000016000000000000000000 00000000d10200007468656d652f7468656d652f7468656d65312e786d6c504b01022d00140006000800000021000dd1909fb60000001b010000270000000000 00000000000000009b0900007468656d652f7468656d652f5f72656c732f7468656d654d616e616765722e786d6c2e72656c73504b050600000000050005005d010000960a00000000} {\*\colorschememapping 3c3f786d6c2076657273696f6e3d22312e302220656e636f64696e673d225554462d3822207374616e64616c6f6e653d22796573223f3e0d0a3c613a636c724d 617020786d6c6e733a613d22687474703a2f2f736368656d61732e6f70656e786d6c666f726d6174732e6f72672f64726177696e676d6c2f323030362f6d6169 6e22206267313d226c743122207478313d22646b3122206267323d226c743222207478323d22646b322220616363656e74313d22616363656e74312220616363 656e74323d22616363656e74322220616363656e74333d22616363656e74332220616363656e74343d22616363656e74342220616363656e74353d22616363656e74352220616363656e74363d22616363656e74362220686c696e6b3d22686c696e6b2220666f6c486c696e6b3d22666f6c486c696e6b222f3e} {\*\latentstyles\lsdstimax267\lsdlockeddef0\lsdsemihiddendef1\lsdunhideuseddef1\lsdqformatdef0\lsdprioritydef99{\lsdlockedexcept \lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority0 \lsdlocked0 Normal; \lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority9 \lsdlocked0 heading 1;\lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority9 \lsdlocked0 heading 2;\lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority9 \lsdlocked0 heading 3;\lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority9 \lsdlocked0 heading 4; \lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority9 \lsdlocked0 heading 5;\lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority9 \lsdlocked0 heading 6;\lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority9 \lsdlocked0 heading 7;\lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority9 \lsdlocked0 heading 8;\lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority9 \lsdlocked0 heading 9; \lsdpriority39 \lsdlocked0 toc 1;\lsdpriority39 \lsdlocked0 toc 2;\lsdpriority39 \lsdlocked0 toc 3;\lsdpriority39 \lsdlocked0 toc 4;\lsdpriority39 \lsdlocked0 toc 5;\lsdpriority39 \lsdlocked0 toc 6;\lsdpriority39 \lsdlocked0 toc 7; \lsdpriority39 \lsdlocked0 toc 8;\lsdpriority39 \lsdlocked0 toc 9;\lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority35 \lsdlocked0 caption;\lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority10 \lsdlocked0 Title;\lsdpriority1 \lsdlocked0 Default Paragraph Font; \lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority11 \lsdlocked0 Subtitle;\lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority22 \lsdlocked0 Strong;\lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority20 \lsdlocked0 Emphasis; \lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority59 \lsdlocked0 Table Grid;\lsdunhideused0 \lsdlocked0 Placeholder Text;\lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority1 \lsdlocked0 No Spacing; \lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority60 \lsdlocked0 Light Shading;\lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority61 \lsdlocked0 Light List;\lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority62 \lsdlocked0 Light Grid; \lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority63 \lsdlocked0 Medium Shading 1;\lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority64 \lsdlocked0 Medium Shading 2;\lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority65 \lsdlocked0 Medium List 1; \lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority66 \lsdlocked0 Medium List 2;\lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority67 \lsdlocked0 Medium Grid 1;\lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority68 \lsdlocked0 Medium Grid 2; \lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority69 \lsdlocked0 Medium Grid 3;\lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority70 \lsdlocked0 Dark List;\lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority71 \lsdlocked0 Colorful Shading; \lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority72 \lsdlocked0 Colorful List;\lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority73 \lsdlocked0 Colorful Grid;\lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority60 \lsdlocked0 Light Shading Accent 1; \lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority61 \lsdlocked0 Light List Accent 1;\lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority62 \lsdlocked0 Light Grid Accent 1;\lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority63 \lsdlocked0 Medium Shading 1 Accent 1; \lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority64 \lsdlocked0 Medium Shading 2 Accent 1;\lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority65 \lsdlocked0 Medium List 1 Accent 1;\lsdunhideused0 \lsdlocked0 Revision; \lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority34 \lsdlocked0 List Paragraph;\lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority29 \lsdlocked0 Quote;\lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority30 \lsdlocked0 Intense Quote; \lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority66 \lsdlocked0 Medium List 2 Accent 1;\lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority67 \lsdlocked0 Medium Grid 1 Accent 1;\lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority68 \lsdlocked0 Medium Grid 2 Accent 1; \lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority69 \lsdlocked0 Medium Grid 3 Accent 1;\lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority70 \lsdlocked0 Dark List Accent 1;\lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority71 \lsdlocked0 Colorful Shading Accent 1; \lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority72 \lsdlocked0 Colorful List Accent 1;\lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority73 \lsdlocked0 Colorful Grid Accent 1;\lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority60 \lsdlocked0 Light Shading Accent 2; \lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority61 \lsdlocked0 Light List Accent 2;\lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority62 \lsdlocked0 Light Grid Accent 2;\lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority63 \lsdlocked0 Medium Shading 1 Accent 2; \lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority64 \lsdlocked0 Medium Shading 2 Accent 2;\lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority65 \lsdlocked0 Medium List 1 Accent 2;\lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority66 \lsdlocked0 Medium List 2 Accent 2; \lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority67 \lsdlocked0 Medium Grid 1 Accent 2;\lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority68 \lsdlocked0 Medium Grid 2 Accent 2;\lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority69 \lsdlocked0 Medium Grid 3 Accent 2; \lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority70 \lsdlocked0 Dark List Accent 2;\lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority71 \lsdlocked0 Colorful Shading Accent 2;\lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority72 \lsdlocked0 Colorful List Accent 2; \lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority73 \lsdlocked0 Colorful Grid Accent 2;\lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority60 \lsdlocked0 Light Shading Accent 3;\lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority61 \lsdlocked0 Light List Accent 3; \lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority62 \lsdlocked0 Light Grid Accent 3;\lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority63 \lsdlocked0 Medium Shading 1 Accent 3;\lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority64 \lsdlocked0 Medium Shading 2 Accent 3; \lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority65 \lsdlocked0 Medium List 1 Accent 3;\lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority66 \lsdlocked0 Medium List 2 Accent 3;\lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority67 \lsdlocked0 Medium Grid 1 Accent 3; \lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority68 \lsdlocked0 Medium Grid 2 Accent 3;\lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority69 \lsdlocked0 Medium Grid 3 Accent 3;\lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority70 \lsdlocked0 Dark List Accent 3; \lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority71 \lsdlocked0 Colorful Shading Accent 3;\lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority72 \lsdlocked0 Colorful List Accent 3;\lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority73 \lsdlocked0 Colorful Grid Accent 3; \lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority60 \lsdlocked0 Light Shading Accent 4;\lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority61 \lsdlocked0 Light List Accent 4;\lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority62 \lsdlocked0 Light Grid Accent 4; \lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority63 \lsdlocked0 Medium Shading 1 Accent 4;\lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority64 \lsdlocked0 Medium Shading 2 Accent 4;\lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority65 \lsdlocked0 Medium List 1 Accent 4; \lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority66 \lsdlocked0 Medium List 2 Accent 4;\lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority67 \lsdlocked0 Medium Grid 1 Accent 4;\lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority68 \lsdlocked0 Medium Grid 2 Accent 4; \lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority69 \lsdlocked0 Medium Grid 3 Accent 4;\lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority70 \lsdlocked0 Dark List Accent 4;\lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority71 \lsdlocked0 Colorful Shading Accent 4; \lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority72 \lsdlocked0 Colorful List Accent 4;\lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority73 \lsdlocked0 Colorful Grid Accent 4;\lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority60 \lsdlocked0 Light Shading Accent 5; \lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority61 \lsdlocked0 Light List Accent 5;\lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority62 \lsdlocked0 Light Grid Accent 5;\lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority63 \lsdlocked0 Medium Shading 1 Accent 5; \lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority64 \lsdlocked0 Medium Shading 2 Accent 5;\lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority65 \lsdlocked0 Medium List 1 Accent 5;\lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority66 \lsdlocked0 Medium List 2 Accent 5; \lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority67 \lsdlocked0 Medium Grid 1 Accent 5;\lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority68 \lsdlocked0 Medium Grid 2 Accent 5;\lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority69 \lsdlocked0 Medium Grid 3 Accent 5; \lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority70 \lsdlocked0 Dark List Accent 5;\lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority71 \lsdlocked0 Colorful Shading Accent 5;\lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority72 \lsdlocked0 Colorful List Accent 5; \lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority73 \lsdlocked0 Colorful Grid Accent 5;\lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority60 \lsdlocked0 Light Shading Accent 6;\lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority61 \lsdlocked0 Light List Accent 6; \lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority62 \lsdlocked0 Light Grid Accent 6;\lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority63 \lsdlocked0 Medium Shading 1 Accent 6;\lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority64 \lsdlocked0 Medium Shading 2 Accent 6; \lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority65 \lsdlocked0 Medium List 1 Accent 6;\lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority66 \lsdlocked0 Medium List 2 Accent 6;\lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority67 \lsdlocked0 Medium Grid 1 Accent 6; \lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority68 \lsdlocked0 Medium Grid 2 Accent 6;\lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority69 \lsdlocked0 Medium Grid 3 Accent 6;\lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority70 \lsdlocked0 Dark List Accent 6; \lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority71 \lsdlocked0 Colorful Shading Accent 6;\lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority72 \lsdlocked0 Colorful List Accent 6;\lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdpriority73 \lsdlocked0 Colorful Grid Accent 6; \lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority19 \lsdlocked0 Subtle Emphasis;\lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority21 \lsdlocked0 Intense Emphasis; \lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority31 \lsdlocked0 Subtle Reference;\lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority32 \lsdlocked0 Intense Reference; \lsdsemihidden0 \lsdunhideused0 \lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority33 \lsdlocked0 Book Title;\lsdpriority37 \lsdlocked0 Bibliography;\lsdqformat1 \lsdpriority39 \lsdlocked0 TOC Heading;}}{\*\datastore 010500000200000018000000 4d73786d6c322e534158584d4c5265616465722e352e3000000000000000000000060000 d0cf11e0a1b11ae1000000000000000000000000000000003e000300feff090006000000000000000000000001000000010000000000000000100000feffffff00000000feffffff0000000000000000ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff fffffffffffffffffdfffffffeffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff52006f006f007400200045006e00740072007900000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000016000500ffffffffffffffffffffffffec69d9888b8b3d4c859eaf6cd158be0f000000000000000000000000a0f7 c3481795cb01feffffff00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000ffffffffffffffffffffffff00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000ffffffffffffffffffffffff0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000ffffffffffffffffffffffff000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000105000000000000}}