UNICOF Ltd v Interfreight Forwarders (Civl Suit No. 912 of 1996) [1998] UGHC 7 (30 September 1998)

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)}}{\*\pnseclvl6\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl7\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl8 \pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl9\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\pard\plain \s15\ql \li0\ri0\sb100\sa240\sbauto1\sl360\slmult1 \widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\ipgp1\pararsid3041592 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp2057 {\ul\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11936789\charrsid3041592 T RUBLIC OF UGANDA \line IN T HIGH COURT OF UGANDA AT KA?WAIA \line CIVIL SUIT NO. 912 OF }{\i\ul\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11936789\charrsid3041592 1996 }{\i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11936789\charrsid3041592 \line }{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11936789\charrsid3041592 UNICOFI1TD. PLAINTIFF \line \emdash versus \emdash \line INTERFREIGHT FQRWADERS ::: :::::::::::: DEFENDANT \line BEFORE:- }{ \ul\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11936789\charrsid3041592 HON. THE PRINCIPAL JUDGE - MR. JUSTICE J. E[. NTABGOBA \line RULING }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11936789\charrsid3041592 \line Unicof Ltd, brought this action under the insurance doctrine of subrogation. It is claiming a sum of US $ 86,223.91 from M/S. Interfreight Forwarders (U) Ltd. UNICOF claims that it is bringing this action for the benefit of its insurers! under writers who are represented by their agen MA\rquote S. Henry Voet \emdash Geninot B. V. B. A of Antwerpen, Belgium. The said insurers/underwriters, it is alleged in the plaint, paid the plaintiff (insured) the sum of US $ 86,223.91 for the loss of 600 bags of Uganda Robust Coffee. In paragraph 3 of the plaint the plaintiff avers, }{\ul\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11936789\charrsid3041592 inter alia, }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11936789\charrsid3041592 that \'93 The plaintiff shall produce and rely on the documents evidencing payment of the said sum of US 86,223.91 at the hearing Iiereof\'94. It is also averred that the plaintiff shall further rely on the subrogat ion Form dated 16th September 1996 and executed by the plaintiff attached to the plaint as Annexture \line UIJ-1. \line ./2 \par :2: \line The back ground to the suit is not quite material, as this is a ruling on the preliminary objections raised at the commencement of the hearing by Mr. Shonubi, learned Counsel for the defendant. The objections are:\emdash \line (a) The policy of insurance to be relied on for subrogation has not been annexed to the plaint - nor to a list of documents to be relied on at the trial and that the policy of insurance is not referred to at all in the plaint. \line (b) There is no cetificate of insurance referred to in the plaint either. \line For a claim in subrogation to succeed proof of insurance policy as well as of payment by the insurer (the subrogatee \emdash plaintiff) to the insured (the subrogator) must be made. \line Mr. Shonubi\rquote s preliminary objections are based on the provisions of Rules l4 and 15 of order 7 of the Civil Procedure Rules which are that:\emdash \line }{ \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11936789\charrsid3041592 \'9314(1) }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11936789\charrsid3041592 Where a plaintiff sues upon a document in his possession or power, }{ \ul\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11936789\charrsid3041592 he shall produce it in Court when the plaint is presented, and shall at the sametime deliver the document ox\rquote a copy thereof to be filled with the plaint. }{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11936789\charrsid3041592 \line (2) }{\ul\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11936789\charrsid3041592 Where he relies on any other documents (whether in his possession or power or not) as ev idence in suport of his claim, he shall enter such documents in a list to be added or annexed \lquote to the plaint\'94. }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11936789\charrsid3041592 \line . \par 3: \line }{\b\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11936789\charrsid3041592 \'9315. }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11936789\charrsid3041592 Where any such document is not in the possession or power of the plaintiff, he shall, if possible, state in whose possession or power it is\'94. \line Because apparently the documents in question are in the possession and power of Counsel for the plaintiff; but they did not comply in respect therewith under Order 7 rules 14 \line -,and 15, learned Counsel for the plaintiff\rquote s argue. \line (i) that by a Notice to admit documents, pursuant to \line 0.11 rr. 2 & 3 of the Civil Procedure Rules filed in Court on 14th November 1997, Counsel for the defendants were invited to \'93 within forty\emdash eight (48) hours from 5. OOp.m. on 19th November }{\i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11936789\charrsid3041592 1997, }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11936789\charrsid3041592 to admit that such docum ents as are specified to be originals were respectively written, signed or executed, as they purport respectively to have been and that such as are specified as copies are true copies of the originals which were respectively written, signed or executed as they purport respectively to have been, saving aU just exceptions to the admissibility of such documents as evidence in this suit.\'94 Accompanying the above notice were the several documents including those which Mr. Shonubi insists should have been dealt with in accordance with Order 7 rules 14 and 15 of the Civil Procedure Rules. It is to be noted that the suit was filed in this Court on or 17th October, 1996, and that the notice under Order 11 rules 2 and 3 was filed 14th November 1997 almost a year from t he date of filing of the suit. \par 4: \line Order 11 rules 2 and 3 provide:\emdash \line \'93(2) Either party may call on the other to admit any \line document, saving all just exceptions; and in case of refusal or neglect to admit, after such notice, the \line costs of proving any such document shall be paid by \line the party so neglecting or refusing, whatever the \line result of the suit may be,unless the Court otherwise cirects; and no costs of proving any document shall be allowed, unless such notice is given, except where \line the omission to give notice is, in the opinion of the Court, a saving of expense\'94. \line }{\i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11936789\charrsid3041592 \'93(3) }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11936789\charrsid3041592 A notice to admit documents shall be in Form 9 of Appendix B, with such variations as circumstances may require\'94. \line The purpose of order 11 rule (2) is to narrow the issues in the pleadings and this is why rule 6 thereof provides that:\emdash \'93 Any party may at any stage of suit, where an admission \line of facts has been made, either on the pleadings or otherwise, aptly to the Court for such judent or order as upon suc]4 admission he may be entitled to, without waiting for the determination of any other question between the parties; and the Court may upon such application make such order, or give such judgment, as the Court may think just\'94. \line In my view order 11 provides some sort of interrogatory remedy that would speed up the disposal of the case. \line ../5 \par }{\i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11936789\charrsid3041592 :5: \line }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11936789\charrsid3041592 It is different from order }{\i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11936789\charrsid3041592 7 }{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11936789\charrsid3041592 Rules }{\i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11936789\charrsid3041592 14 }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11936789\charrsid3041592 and }{ \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11936789\charrsid3041592 15 }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11936789\charrsid3041592 which, \line govern the procedure at the inception of the case \line and \lquote war the opposing party of what documents to \line expect. Failure to comply with Rules }{\i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11936789\charrsid3041592 14 }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11936789\charrsid3041592 and }{ \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11936789\charrsid3041592 15 }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11936789\charrsid3041592 of \line the Civil Procedure Rules takeSthe opposing party by \line surprise. This is why Rule 18 of order }{ \i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11936789\charrsid3041592 7 }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11936789\charrsid3041592 provides \line that:\emdash \line \lquote 4 \line \'93 (1) A document which, ought to be produced in Court by the plaintiff when the plaint is presented, or to be entered in the list to be added or annexed to the plaint, and which is not produced or entered accordingly, }{ \ul\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11936789\charrsid3041592 shall not, }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11936789\charrsid3041592 without the leave of the Court, be received in evidence on his behalf at the hearing of the suittt. \line Mr. Shonubi is right in his preliminary objection: \line Order 11 rules 2 and three should not be confused with order }{\i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11936789\charrsid3041592 7 }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11936789\charrsid3041592 rules }{\i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11936789\charrsid3041592 14 }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11936789\charrsid3041592 and 15. Mr. Kimuli and Mr. Bwanika, \line learned counsel for the plaintiffs, have apparently confused\rquote . thea. But now they, learnedcounsel for the plaintiffs have realised their error. They, at the hearing made a frantic oral application to be allowed to annex the documents, subject of Mr. Shonubi\rquote s preliminary objection, to the plaint. Mr. Stionubi has challenged the oral application and again, I think, he is correct. Any application under Order }{\i\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11936789\charrsid3041592 7 \line }{ \lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11936789\charrsid3041592 \'93shall be by summons in chambers -e.\'80 f\rquote c77-( 2,eP_r \line . . .6 \par =6= \par Accordingly, I uphold Mr. Shonubi*s preliminary objection as well as disallow the oral applications to admit the relevant documents to be annexed to the plaint. \line What then is the effect of my decision? My considered opini on is that no case would be brought out under the doctrine \line of subrogation in the absence of the policy of insurance to be xlied on for subrogation, and also in the absence of a certi\emdash ficate of insurance. In the circumstances, I would strikeout the plaint as being incompetent. I award Costs to the defendant. \par }{\ul\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11936789\charrsid3041592 PRINCIPAIJ JUDGE }{\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11936789\charrsid3041592 \line 1os9 \par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\sl360\slmult1\widctlpar\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid3041592 \fs24\lang2057\langfe2057\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp2057 {\lang1033\langfe2057\langnp1033\insrsid11936789\charrsid3041592 \par }}