Vehicle Equipment, Safety and Inspection Regulation

Vehicle Equipment, Safety and Inspection Regulation, M.R. 31/2019 The Highway Traffic Act , C.C.S.M. c. H60 Regulation 31/2019 Registered February 19, 2019 bilingual version (HTML) Table of Contents Section PART 1 DEFINITIONS AND INTERPRETATIONS 1.1 Definitions 1.2 Interpretation — LED lights and lamps PART 2 REQUIRED VEHICLE EQUIPMENT 2.1 Overview 2.2 Light vehicles 2.3 Trucks — GVWR of 4,500 kg or more 2.4 Buses 2.5 Motorcycles 2.6 Mopeds 2.7 Trailers — GVWR of 4,500 kg or more — and trailer converter dollies 2.8 Trailers — GVWR of less than 4,500 kg 2.9 Towed items 2.10 Self-propelled agricultural equipment 2.11 Towed agricultural equipment 2.12 Exemption for agricultural equipment accompanied by escort vehicles 2.13 Self-propelled infrastructure equipment 2.14 Auxiliary lamp if original lamp obstructed PART 3 PROHIBITED AND RESTRICTED EQUIPMENT 3.1 Overview LAMPS 3.2 Lamps — prohibited and optional equipment 3.3 Lamps — prohibition on use while on highway 3.4 Special permit for prohibited lighting 3.5 Lamps — restriction on use of school bus warning system SIRENS 3.6 Sirens SPECIAL EQUIPMENT FOR CERTAIN TYPES OF VEHICLES 3.7 Special equipment — vehicles used by police forces 3.8 Special equipment — vehicles used by fire departments and other emergency response vehicles 3.9 Special equipment — vehicles used by an ambulance service 3.10 Special equipment — part-time emergency vehicles 3.11 Special equipment — vehicles used by provincial or federal government officers 3.12 Use of sirens and emergency lighting 3.13 Special equipment — roadside assistance vehicles 3.14 Special equipment — winter maintenance vehicles 3.15 Special equipment — agricultural equipment 3.16 Special equipment — highway maintenance vehicles 3.17 Special equipment — overhead utility vehicles 3.18 Special equipment — farm trucks 3.19 Special equipment — funeral vehicles 3.20 Special equipment — vehicles for hire OTHER EQUIPMENT 3.21 Studded tires and other protuberances 3.22 Tinted windows 3.23 Mufflers and muffler cut-outs 3.24 Obstructions from view PART 4 STANDARDS OF SAFETY AND REPAIR, INSPECTION PROCEDURES AND COMPLIANCE CRITERIA 4.1 Overview 4.2 Standards of safety and repair, inspection procedures and compliance criteria 4.3 Incorporation by reference of NSC Standard 11 4.4 Incorporation by reference of CSA Standard D250 PART 5 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS AND PROHIBITIONS 5.1 Overview 5.2 When lamps must be lighted 5.3 When lamps may be lighted 5.4 Trailer connections 5.5 Name required on trucks 5.6 Emergency placement of reflectorized devices 5.7 Brake fluid — prohibition and labelling PART 6 OFFENCES AND COMING INTO FORCE 6.1 Offences — equipment generally 6.1.1 Offences — specified equipment 6.2 Offence — tampering with odometer 6.3 Offence — name on truck 6.4 Offence — failure to place reflectorized devices 6.5 Repeal 6.6 Coming into force Schedule PART 1 DEFINITIONS AND INTERPRETATION Definitions 1.1(1) The following definitions apply in this regulation. "Act" means The Highway Traffic Act . («  Code  ») "ANSI" means the American National Standards Institute. (« ANSI ») "ASAE" means the American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers. (« ASAE ») "bus" means a motor vehicle that is designed for carrying 11 or more persons including the driver of the vehicle. (« autobus ») "CSA" means the Canadian Standards Association. (« CSA ») "daytime" means the period that starts immediately following one-half hour after sunrise and ends immediately before one-half hour before sunset. (« jour ») "DOT" means the United States Department of Transportation. (« DOT ») "drawbar" means a structural part of a trailer or towed item that includes a device for the purpose of coupling with a hitching device or fifth-wheel coupler. (« timon ») "enforcement officer" means (a) a police officer as defined in The Police Services Act ; (b) a government enforcement officer as defined in subsection 109.1(1) of the Act; (c) a member of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police; or (d) an employee of the government of Canada appointed to enforce an Act or regulation of Canada whose duties require the employee to travel on a highway. (« agent d'exécution ») "fifth-wheel coupler" means a coupling device securely attached to the chassis of a vehicle and which will accept a semi-trailer kingpin inserted through the device and will lock the kingpin in position to allow rotation in a horizontal plane through the coupling device. (« sellette d'attelage ») "LED" has the same meaning as in the Schedule. (« DEL ») "licence plate" has the same meaning as number plate. (Version anglaise seulement) "light vehicle" has the same meaning as in Part 1 of the Schedule. (« véhicule léger ») " Motor Vehicle Safety Regulations " means the Motor Vehicle Safety Regulations , C.R.C., c. 1038, made under the Motor Vehicle Safety Act (Canada). («  Règlement sur la sécurité des véhicules automobiles  ») "multipurpose passenger vehicle" has the same meaning as in Part 1 of the Schedule. (« voiture de tourisme à usages multiples ») " National Safety Code Standard 11 " means the National Safety Code Standard 11 published by the Canadian Council of Motor Transport Administrators. («  Norme 11 du Code canadien de sécurité  ») "nighttime" means the period that starts one-half hour before sunset and ends one-half hour after sunrise. (« nuit ») "passenger car" has the same meaning as in Part 1 of the Schedule. (« voiture de tourisme ») "pressure fuel system" has the same meaning as in Part 1 of the Schedule. (« circuit d'alimentation en carburant sous pression ») "rejection criterion" , in relation to (a) a vehicle to which the Schedule applies, means (i) "rejection criterion" as defined in the Part of the Schedule applicable to the vehicle, or (ii) if clause 4.2(1)⁠(b) applies to the vehicle, means vehicle or equipment condition or deficiency that the vehicle's original manufacturer specifies as the equivalent of a rejection criterion set out in the Schedule; (b) a vehicle to which subsection 4.2(5) applies, means a vehicle or equipment condition or deficiency that (i) constitutes grounds to fail the vehicle on an inspection performed for the purpose of The Highway Traffic Act , The Drivers and Vehicles Act or a regulation made under either of those Acts, and (ii) is described in the column entitled "Reject if" of the Inspections Table in Part B (Periodic Commercial Motor Vehicle Inspections) of National Safety Code Standard 11 ; (c) a school bus, means a vehicle or equipment condition or deficiency that (i) constitutes grounds to fail the vehicle on an inspection performed for the purpose of The Highway Traffic Act , The Drivers and Vehicles Act or a regulation made under either of those Acts, and (ii) is (A) described in the column entitled "Reject if" of the Inspections Table in Part B (Periodic Commercial Motor Vehicle Inspections) of National Safety Code Standard 11 , or (B) specified in CSA Standard D250, School Buses , as the equivalent of a rejection criterion; and (d) the heating system for the passenger compartment of a bus other than a school bus, means a vehicle or equipment condition or deficiency that is described in subsection 4.2(7.1). (« critère de rejet ») "SAE" means Society of Automotive Engineers. (« SAE ») "truck" means a motor vehicle designed or adapted primarily for the transportation of cargo or property. (« camion ») "truck tractor" means a truck designed primarily for towing a semi-trailer connected by means of a fifth-wheel coupler, and not constructed for carrying any load other than part of the weight of the trailer. (« véhicule tracteur ») "window tinting" means any substance or material that is incorporated into or applied onto the windshield, side window or rear window of a motor vehicle and that is capable of reducing light transmission or causing light reflection. (« teintage des glaces ») 1.1(2) A reference in this regulation to "Canadian Motor Vehicle Safety Standard" or "CMVSS", together with a number, is a reference to the Canadian Motor Vehicle Safety Standard of that number prescribed under the Motor Vehicle Safety Regulations . 1.1(3) In this regulation, the left and right sides of a vehicle or towed item are determined from the rear of the vehicle, facing forward. M.R. 108/2024 Interpretation — LED lights and lamps 1.2 For the purpose of this regulation, (a) an LED light that emits light from multiple LEDs is deemed to be a single lamp if the LED light is constructed so that none of its LEDs are capable of being controlled or lighted independently from others; and (b) when different groups of LEDs in an LED light are capable of being controlled or lighted independently from other groups, each group that is capable of being controlled or lighted independently is deemed to a single lamp and the LED light is deemed to be a multi-lamp light. PART 2 REQUIRED VEHICLE EQUIPMENT Overview 2.1 This Part sets out the required equipment that must be installed — and in functioning condition — on a vehicle of each of the following vehicle classes: (a) light vehicles; (b) trucks — GVWR of 4,500 kg or more; (c) buses; (d) motorcycles; (e) mopeds; (f) trailers — GVWR of 4,500 kg or more — and trailer converter dollies; (g) trailers — GVWR less than 4,500 kg; (h) towed items (other than agricultural equipment); (i) self-propelled agricultural equipment; (j) towed agricultural equipment; (k) self-propelled infrastructure equipment. Light vehicles 2.2(1) Subject to any conditions set out in this section or elsewhere in this regulation, the following equipment must be present on a light vehicle and is prescribed as required equipment for the purpose of the Act and this regulation: 1. A vehicle identification number. 2. An accelerator system that functions so that the light vehicle's throttle is returned to the idle position when the actuating force is removed from the accelerator control. 3. An exhaust system through which exhaust gas produced by the light vehicle's engine is exhausted from the engine and directed away from it and from the light vehicle's body. The exhaust system must include one or more mufflers that prevent excessive combustion noise from being emitted by the engine. An exhaust system is only required equipment for a light vehicle that is propelled by a combustion engine, whether alone or in combination with another propulsion system. 4. For every vehicle that has an internal combustion engine and that was manufactured on or after January 1, 1995, an emission control system that (a) if the internal combustion engine is a gasoline engine, includes a catalytic converter; or (b) if the internal combustion engine is a diesel engine, includes a catalytic converter if the manufacturer originally equipped the vehicle with a catalytic converter. 5. A system or device that shuts down the light vehicle's engine when the system or device is operated. 6. A neutral safety switch that prevents the engine from being started while the vehicle's transmission is in gear. A neutral safety switch is only required equipment if the vehicle's transmission is an automatic transmission. 7. A clutch switch to prevent the engine from being started while the vehicle's transmission is in gear. A clutch switch is only required equipment if the vehicle's transmission is a manual transmission and only if the vehicle was manufactured on or after May 30, 2005. 8. A fuel system that securely transfers fuel from the vehicle's fuel tank to the vehicle's engine if the vehicle is propelled solely by a combustion engine or is a hybrid vehicle. 9. A suspension system that is capable of supporting the vehicle and permitting it to be driven safely when it is loaded to any weight within its GVWR. 10. A service brake system and a parking brake system each independently operable and each capable of safely stopping the vehicle and holding it stationary when either or both of the following apply: (a) the vehicle is loaded to any weight within its GVWR; (b) the vehicle is towing any other vehicles or things that it is allowed to tow under the Act. 11. A steering system that allows the vehicle's driver to safely steer the vehicle when it is in motion. 12. A speedometer that displays an accurate indication of the vehicle's ground speed to the driver at all times when the vehicle is in motion. 13. An odometer displaying within the vehicle's occupant compartment an accurate indication of the distance the vehicle has been driven. 14. A horn capable of being heard by pedestrians and the drivers of other vehicles in proximity to the vehicle. 15. Lamps as follows: (a) not less than two, but no more than four, headlamps having both low-beam and high-beam functionality; (b) two parking lamps; (c) not less than two tail lamps; (d) not less than two stop lamps; (e) a centre high-mount stop lamp if (i) the vehicle is a passenger car manufactured on or after January 1, 1987, or (ii) the vehicle is a truck or multipurpose passenger vehicle manufactured on or after January 10, 1997; (f) two front and two rear turn signal lamps (excludes side turn signal repeaters); (g) not less than one, but no more than two, backup lamps if the vehicle was manufactured on or after January 1, 1971; (h) a rear number plate lamp; (i) two front and two rear hazard warning lamps if the vehicle was manufactured on or after January 1, 1971; (j) four side marker lamps if the vehicle was manufactured on or after January 1, 1971; (k) four clearance lamps if the vehicle is 2.05 m wide or wider; (l) six identification lamps if the vehicle is 2.05 m wide or wider; (m) two daytime running lamps if the vehicle was manufactured on or after December 1, 1989. 16. A low-beam/high-beam toggle switch and high-beam indicator. 17. Reflex reflectors (which may be integrated into lamp lenses) if the vehicle was manufactured on or after January 1, 1971. 18. A body structure, including frame if the body style is body-on-frame, sufficient to safely support the vehicle's other required equipment, the number of persons it is designed to carry and any load within its GVWR. The body structure must (a) include a windshield; (b) provide adequate protection to effectively reduce wheel splash or spray to the vehicle's rear and, if the body does not provide adequate splash or spray protection in relation to a particular wheel, the vehicle must be equipped with a fender or mud flap that provides adequate splash and spray protection for the wheel; (c) include an engine-compartment hood or enclosure if the vehicle is (i) so equipped by the vehicle's original manufacturer, and (ii) the vehicle is not a modified vehicle; (d) include a front bumper except if the vehicle (i) is a modified vehicle manufactured before January 1, 1970, and (ii) is not a raised vehicle; (e) include a rear bumper except if the vehicle (i) is a modified vehicle manufactured before January 1, 1970, or (ii) is a truck; and (f) include such other enclosing structures (e.g., doors, trunk lid, hatch or rear cargo door) as the vehicle was equipped with by the vehicle's original manufacturer, unless the vehicle is a modified vehicle. 19. Windshield wipers. 20. A windshield washer system if the vehicle was manufactured on or after January 1, 1971. 21. A windshield defrosting or defogging system if the occupant compartment of the vehicle can be enclosed. 22. An interior rear view mirror if the vehicle is a passenger car. 23. A driver-side exterior rear view mirror, except if the vehicle is a passenger car manufactured before January 1, 1971. 24. A passenger-side exterior rear view mirror if the vehicle is a multipurpose passenger vehicle manufactured before September 1, 1988 or a truck. 25. An adjustable driver-side sun visor if the vehicle's manufacturer originally equipped it with one. 26. A driver's seat and, except in the case of a vehicle designed for carrying persons occupying mobility aids, a seat for each additional person the vehicle is designed to carry. 27. A seat belt assembly (a) for each seating position if the vehicle was manufactured on or after January 1, 1971; and (b) for any seating position originally equipped with a seat belt assembly by the vehicle's manufacturer if the vehicle was manufactured before January 1, 1971. 28. If the vehicle's manufacturer originally equipped the vehicle with one or more air bags, (a) an air bag cover for each air bag; and (b) a supplemental restraint system (SRS) indicator light. 29. Wheels and tires mounted on the vehicle securely and as necessary to (a) permit the suspension, steering and brake systems to function properly; and (b) transfer propulsion power from the vehicle's power train to the ground. 2.2(2) A motor vehicle is not required to have adequate protection from wheel splash or spray if it (a) displays a type 8 collector number plate or type 8 personalized collector plate — as defined in the Schedule to the Vehicle Registration Regulation , Manitoba Regulation 57/2006 — issued for the motor vehicle; (b) was manufactured on or before December 31, 1948, or was manufactured to resemble a motor vehicle manufactured on or before that date; and (c) is being driven on a dry paved surface. 2.2(3) A motor vehicle is not required to have windshield wipers if it (a) displays a type 8 collector number plate or type 8 personalized collector plate — as defined in the Schedule to the Vehicle Registration Regulation , Manitoba Regulation 57/2006 — issued for the motor vehicle; (b) was manufactured on or before December 31, 1948, or was manufactured to resemble a motor vehicle manufactured on or before that date; and (c) is being driven when precipitation is not occurring and road conditions are such that no moisture, mud or dust is present that may obscure the vehicle's windshield. M.R. 123/2025 Trucks — GVWR of 4,500 kg or more 2.3 Subject to any conditions set out in this section or elsewhere in this regulation, the following equipment must be present on a truck having a GVWR of 4,500 kg or more (regardless of registered gross weight) and is prescribed as required equipment for the purpose of the Act and this regulation: 1. A vehicle identification number. 2. An accelerator system that functions so that the truck's throttle is returned to the idle position when the actuating force is removed from the accelerator control. 3. An exhaust system through which exhaust gas produced by the truck's engine is exhausted from the engine and directed away from it and from the truck's body. The exhaust system must include one or more mufflers that prevent excessive combustion noise from being emitted by the engine. An exhaust system is only required equipment for a truck that is propelled by a combustion engine, whether alone or in combination with another propulsion system. 4. An emission control system if originally equipped by the manufacturer. 5. A system or device that shuts down the truck's engine when the system or device is operated. 6. A neutral safety switch that prevents the engine from being started while the truck's transmission is in gear. A neutral safety switch is only required equipment if (a) the truck's transmission is an automatic transmission; and (b) the truck was manufactured on or after May 30, 2005. 7. A clutch switch to prevent the engine from being started while the truck's transmission is in gear. A clutch switch is only required equipment if (a) the truck's transmission is a manual transmission; (b) the truck was manufactured on or after May 30, 2005; and (c) the truck's GVWR is no more than 4,536 kg. 8. A fuel system that securely transfers fuel from the truck's fuel tank to the truck's engine if the truck is propelled solely by combustion engine or is a hybrid vehicle. 9. A suspension system that is capable of supporting the truck and permitting it to be driven safely when it is loaded to any weight within its GVWR. 10. A service brake system and a parking brake system each independently operable and each capable of safely stopping the truck and holding it stationary when either or both of the following apply: (a) the truck is loaded to any weight within its GVWR; (b) the truck is towing any other vehicles or things that it is allowed to tow under the Act. 11. A steering system that allows the truck's driver to safely steer the truck when it is in motion. 12. A speedometer that displays an accurate indication of the truck's ground speed to the driver at all times when the truck is in motion. 13. An odometer displaying within the truck's occupant compartment an accurate indication of the distance the truck has been driven. 14. A horn capable of being heard by pedestrians and the drivers of other vehicles in proximity to the truck. 15. Lamps as follows: (a) not less than two but not more than four headlamps, having both low-beam and high-beam functionality; (b) not less than two tail lamps; (c) not less than two stop lamps; (d) two front and two rear turn signal lamps (excludes side turn signal repeaters); (e) a centre high-mount stop lamp if the truck (i) was manufactured on or after January 10, 1997, (ii) is less than 2.05 m wide, and (iii) has a GVWR of no more than 4,536 kg; (f) not less than one backup lamp if the truck was manufactured on or after January 1, 1971; (g) not less than four side marker lamps; (h) not less than two intermediate side marker lamps if the truck is at least 9.1 m long; (i) for a truck that is at least 2.05 m wide, not less than (i) two clearance lamps on the front and two clearance lamps on the rear if the truck is not a truck tractor, or (ii) two clearance lamps on the front if the truck is a truck tractor; (j) for a truck that is at least 2.05 m wide, not less than (i) three identification lamps on the front and three identification lamps on the rear if the truck is not a truck tractor, or (ii) three identification lamps on the front if the truck is a truck tractor; (k) a rear number plate lamp; (l) two front and two rear hazard warning lamps; (m) daytime running lamps if the truck was manufactured on or after December 1, 1989. 16. A low-beam/high-beam toggle switch and high-beam indicator. 17. Reflex reflectors (which may be integrated into lamp lenses). 18. Retro-reflective marking if the truck is a truck tractor and (a) was manufactured on or after November 19, 2001; or (b) its manufacturer originally equipped it with retro-reflective marking. 19. A body structure, including frame if the body style is body-on-frame, sufficient to safely support the truck's other required equipment, the number of persons it is designed to carry and any load within its GVWR. The body structure must (a) include a windshield; (b) provide adequate protection to effectively reduce wheel splash or spray to the truck's rear and, if the body does not provide adequate splash or spray protection in relation to a particular wheel, the truck must be equipped with a fender or mud flap that provides adequate splash and spray protection for the wheel; (c) include an engine-compartment hood or enclosure if so equipped by the truck's original manufacturer; (d) include a front bumper; and (e) include such other enclosing structures (such as doors, hatch or rear cargo door) as the truck was equipped with by the truck's original manufacturer. 20. Windshield wipers and windshield washer system. 21. A windshield defrosting and defogging system. 22. An interior rear view mirror unless the truck has a passenger-side exterior rear view mirror. 23. A driver-side exterior rear view mirror. 24. A passenger-side exterior rear view mirror unless the truck has an interior rear view mirror that provides an unobstructed view through the rear window. 25. An adjustable driver-side sun visor. 26. A driver's seat. 27. A seat belt assembly (a) for each seating position if the truck was manufactured on or after January 1, 1971; and (b) for any seating position originally equipped with a seat belt assembly by the truck's manufacturer. 28. Wheels and tires mounted on the truck securely and as necessary to (a) permit the suspension, steering and brake systems to function properly; and (b) transfer propulsion power from the truck's power train to the ground. 29. A hazard warning kit, including three reflectorized devices that meet the requirements of SAE Standard J774, Emergency Warning Device and Emergency Warning Device Protective Container . 30. A fire extinguisher with a rating of 1A:10B:C. M.R. 123/2025 Buses 2.4 Subject to any conditions set out in this section or elsewhere in this regulation, the following equipment must be present on a bus and is prescribed as required equipment for the purpose of the Act and this regulation: 1. A vehicle identification number. 2. An accelerator system that functions so that the bus's throttle is returned to the idle position when the actuating force is removed from the accelerator control. 3. An exhaust system through which exhaust gas produced by the bus's engine is exhausted from the engine and directed away from it and from the bus's body. The exhaust system must include a muffler that prevents excessive combustion noise from being emitted by the engine. An exhaust system is only required equipment for a bus that is propelled by a combustion engine, whether alone or in combination with another propulsion system. 4. An emission control system if originally equipped by the manufacturer. 5. A system or device that shuts down the bus's engine when the system or device is operated. 6. A neutral safety switch that prevents the engine from being started while the bus's transmission is in gear. A neutral safety switch is only required equipment if the bus's transmission is an automatic transmission and the bus was manufactured on or after May 30, 2005. 7. A clutch switch to prevent the engine from being started while the bus's transmission is in gear. A clutch switch is only required equipment if the bus's transmission is a manual transmission and the bus was manufactured on or after May 30, 2005. 8. A fuel system (combustion engines only) that securely transfers fuel from the bus's fuel tank to the bus's engine if the bus is propelled solely by a combustion engine or is a hybrid vehicle. 9. A suspension system that is capable of supporting the bus and permitting it to be driven safely when it is loaded to any weight within its GVWR. 10. A service brake system and a parking brake system each independently operable and each capable of safely stopping the bus and holding it stationary when either or both of the following apply: (a) the bus is loaded to any weight within its GVWR; (b) the bus is towing any other vehicles or things that it is allowed to tow under the Act. 11. A steering system that allows the bus's driver to safely steer the bus when it is motion. 12. A speedometer that displays an accurate indication of the bus's ground speed to the driver at all times when the bus is in motion. 13. An odometer displaying within the bus's occupant compartment an accurate indication of the distance the bus has been driven. 14. A horn capable of being heard by pedestrians and the drivers of other vehicles in proximity to the bus. 15. Lamps as follows: (a) not less than two but not more than four headlamps, having both low-beam and high-beam functionality; (b) not less than two tail lamps; (c) not less than two stop lamps; (d) a centre high-mount stop lamp if the bus (i) was manufactured on or after January 10, 1997, (ii) is less than 2.05 m wide, and (iii) has a GVWR of not more than 4,536 kg; (e) two front and two rear turn signal lamps, excluding side-mounted turn signal lamps; (f) not less than one backup lamp if the bus was manufactured on or after January 1, 1971; (g) not less than four side marker lamps; (h) not less than two intermediate side marker lamps if the bus is at least 9.1 m long; (i) for a bus that is at least 2.05 m wide, not less than two clearance lamps on the front and two clearance lamps on the rear; (j) for a bus that is at least 2.05 m wide, not less than three identification lamps on the front and three identification lamps on the rear; (k) a rear number plate lamp; (l) two front and two rear hazard warning lamps; (m) daytime running lamps if the bus was manufactured on or after December 1, 1989; (n) interior lamps. 16. A low-beam/high-beam toggle switch and high-beam indicator. 17. Reflex reflectors (which may be integrated into lamp lenses). 18. A body structure, including frame if the body style is body-on-frame, sufficient to safely support the bus's other required equipment, the number of persons it is designed to carry and any load within its GVWR. The body structure must (a) include a windshield; (b) provide adequate protection to effectively reduce wheel splash or spray to the bus's rear and, if the body does not provide adequate splash or spray protection in relation to a particular wheel, the bus must be equipped with a fender or mud flap that provides adequate splash and spray protection for the wheel; (c) include an engine-compartment hood or enclosure if so equipped by the bus's original manufacturer; (d) include a front bumper; (e) include a rear bumper; and (f) include such other enclosing structures (e.g., doors, hatch or rear cargo door) as the bus was equipped with by its original manufacturer. 19. At least one emergency exit if (a) originally equipped by the manufacturer; or (b) the bus is designed for carrying 15 or more people, including the driver. 20. Windshield wipers and windshield washer system. 21. A windshield defrosting and defogging system. 21.1 A heating system for the bus's passenger compartment. 22. An interior rear view mirror unless the bus has a passenger-side exterior rear view mirror. 23. A driver-side exterior rear view mirror. 24. A passenger-side exterior rear view mirror unless the bus has an interior rear view mirror that provides an unobstructed view through the rear window. 25. An adjustable driver-side sun visor. 26. A driver's seat. 27. A seat belt assembly (a) for the driver's seat if the bus was manufactured on or after January 1, 1971 or the driver's seat was originally equipped with a seat belt assembly by the bus's manufacturer; and (b) for each passenger seat if the bus was manufactured on or after September 1, 2020, unless the bus is (i) a school bus, or (ii) a perimeter-seating bus, prison bus or transit bus, as those terms are defined in The Motor Vehicle Safety Regulations . 28. Wheels and tires mounted on the bus securely and as necessary to (a) permit the suspension, steering and brake systems to function properly; and (b) transfer propulsion power from the bus's power train to the ground. 29. Oil pressure gauge. 30. An ammeter or voltmeter if originally equipped by the manufacturer. 31. An interior stanchion and guard rail with grab handles if originally equipped by the manufacturer. 32. A hazard warning kit, including three reflectorized devices that comply with SAE Standard J774, Emergency Warning Device and Emergency Warning Device Protective Container . 33. A fire extinguisher that (a) in the case of a school bus, complies with the requirements of CSA Standard D250, School Buses ; or (b) in any other case, is rated 2A:10B:C. 34. The following additional equipment if the bus is a school bus: (a) the words "SCHOOL BUS" or "ÉCOLIERS" legibly printed, painted or attached to the school bus (i) in letters at least 200 mm tall, and (ii) in such a manner that they are clearly visible at all times to any person approaching the school bus from the front or the rear; (b) left and right side convex exterior mirrors; (c) two cross-over convex mirrors if the school bus was manufactured on or after November 29, 1997; (d) alternating warning lamps, which may be either (i) a four flashing lamp system casting a red light, two of which must be placed as near the front of the bus as practicable and facing forward, and two of which must be placed as near the rear of the bus as practicable and facing rearward, or (ii) an eight lamp warning system consisting of (A) four flashing lamps casting an amber light, two of which must be placed as near the front of the bus as practicable and facing forward, and two of which must be placed as near the rear of the bus as practicable and facing rearward, and (B) four flashing lamps casting a red light, two of which must be placed as near the front of the bus as practicable and facing forward, and two of which must be placed as near the rear of the bus as practicable and facing rearward; (e) an exterior strobe lamp that is (i) white, (ii) centred on the roof of the school bus approximately 1.8 m from the rear edge of the roof, and (iii) compliant with SAE standard J845; (f) a service door exterior lamp; (g) a fuel gauge; (h) an interior retainer barrier; (i) a first aid kit. M.R. 108/2024 ; 123/2025 Motorcycles 2.5 Subject to any conditions set out in this section or elsewhere in this regulation, the following equipment must be present on a motorcycle and is prescribed as required equipment for the purpose of the Act and this regulation: 1. A vehicle identification number. 2. An accelerator system that functions so that the motorcycle's throttle is returned to the idle position when the actuating force is removed from the accelerator control. 3. An exhaust system through which exhaust gas produced by the motorcycle's engine is exhausted from the engine and directed away and to the rear of the operator and passenger. The exhaust system must include a muffler that prevents excessive combustion noise from being emitted by the engine. An exhaust system is only required equipment for a motorcycle that is propelled by a combustion engine, whether alone or in combination with another propulsion system. 4. A system or device that shuts down the motorcycle's engine when the system or device is operated. 5. If the motorcycle has an internal combustion engine, a fuel system that securely transfers fuel from the motorcycle's fuel tank to the motorcycle's engine. 6. A chain-, belt- or shaft-driven transmission system through which propulsion power is safely transferred from the motorcycle's engine to the motorcycle's wheels. The transmission system must (a) be capable of safely shifting between gears while the motorcycle is in motion; and (b) include a drive guard if the manufacturer originally equipped the motorcycle with one. 7. A suspension system that is capable of supporting the motorcycle and permitting it to be driven safely when it is loaded to any weight within its GVWR. 8. A service brake system in which a brake is equipped on each wheel in contact with the ground. If the motorcycle is a two-wheel motorcycle, each wheel brake must be capable of being applied separately. The service brake system must be capable of safely stopping the motorcycle and holding it stationary when (a) the motorcycle is loaded to any weight within its GVWR; (b) the motorcycle is towing any other vehicle or things that it is allowed to tow under the Act; or (c) the motorcycle is equipped with a side car assembly. 9. A steering system that allows the motorcycle's driver to safely steer it when it is in motion. 10. A speedometer that displays an accurate indication of the motorcycle's ground speed to the driver at all times when the vehicle is in motion. 11. A horn capable of being heard by pedestrians and the drivers of other vehicles in proximity to the motorcycle. 12. Lamps as follows: (a) one or two headlamps, having both low-beam and high-beam functionality; (b) one or more tail lamps; (c) one or more stop lamps; (d) two front and two rear turn signal lamps if the motorcycle was manufactured on or after January 1, 1974; (e) a rear number plate lamp. 13. A low-beam/high-beam toggle switch and high-beam indicator. 14. Reflex reflectors (which may be integrated into lamp lenses) as follows: (a) one or two rear reflex reflectors; (b) two reflex reflectors on the left side of the motorcycle; (c) two reflex reflectors positioned on the right side of the motorcycle. 15. A frame structure sufficient to safely support the motorcycle's other required equipment, the number of persons it is designed to carry and any load within its GVWR. 16. A front fender attached to the frame structure. 17. Two exterior rear-view mirrors (one each on the left side and the right side of the motorcycle) if the motorcycle was manufactured on or after January 1, 1971. 18. A driver's seat. 19. Wheels and tires mounted on the motorcycle securely and as necessary to (a) permit the suspension, steering and brake systems to function properly; and (b) transfer propulsion power from the motorcycle's power train to the ground. 20. A kickstand or centrestand that is sufficient to safely support the motorcycle and any load within its GVWR when it is parked and that retracts into a secure stowed position for when the motorcycle is in motion. A kickstand or centrestand is only required equipment if the motorcycle has only two wheels. 21. A footrest on each side of the motorcycle (a) for the rider; and (b) if the motorcycle is designed to carry a passenger, for the passenger. Mopeds 2.6 Subject to any conditions set out in this section or elsewhere in this regulation, the following equipment must be present on a moped and is prescribed as required equipment for the purpose of the Act and this regulation: 1. A vehicle identification number. 2. A combustion engine with a piston displacement of not more than 50 cm 3 or an electric motor, neither of which is capable of enabling the moped to attain a speed greater than 50 km/h. 3. An accelerator system that functions so that the moped's throttle is returned to the idle position when the actuating force is removed from the accelerator control. 4. If the moped has an internal combustion engine, an exhaust system through which exhaust gas produced by the moped's engine is exhausted from the engine and directed away from and to the rear of the operator. The exhaust system must include a muffler that prevents excessive combustion noise from being emitted by the engine. 5. A system or device that shuts down the moped's engine when the system or device is operated. 6. If the moped has an internal combustion engine, a fuel system that securely transfers fuel from the moped's fuel tank to the moped's engine. 7. A service brake system in which a brake is equipped on each wheel in contact with the ground and each of which has a separate means of application. The service brake system must be capable of safely stopping the moped and holding it stationary under all operating conditions. 8. A steering system that allows the moped's driver to safely steer the vehicle when it is in motion. 9. A speedometer that displays an accurate indication of the moped's ground speed to the driver at all times when the vehicle is in motion. 10. A horn capable of being heard by pedestrians and the drivers of other vehicles in proximity to the moped. 11. Lamps as follows: (a) one or two white headlamps having both low-beam and high-beam functionality and which must display (i) an SAE or DOT marking, and (ii) an "M" lamp type code; (b) one red tail lamp, which must display (i) an SAE or DOT marking, and (ii) a "T" lamp type code; (c) two amber front and two red rear turn signal lamps if the moped was manufactured on or after January 1, 1974, and which must display (i) an SAE or DOT marking, and (ii) a "D" lamp type code; (d) a white rear number plate lamp, which must display (i) an SAE or DOT marking, and (ii) an "L" lamp type code; 12. A low-beam/high-beam toggle switch and high-beam indicator. 13. One red rear reflex reflector, which must display (a) an SAE or DOT marking, and (b) an "A" lamp type code. 14. A frame structure sufficient to safely support the moped's other required equipment, its driver and any load. 15. A rear-view mirror attached securely to the moped and placed in such a position as to afford the driver, while driving, a clear view of the roadway in the rear and of any vehicle approaching from the rear. 16. A driver's seat with a minimum unladen height of 650 mm, when measured from the ground level to the top of the forwardmost part of the seat or saddle. 17. Wheels that (a) are mounted on the moped securely and as necessary to permit the suspension, steering and brake systems to function properly; and (b) have tires that (i) are pneumatic rubber tires, (ii) are free of bulges, exposed cords, cuts, or cracks that penetrate to the cord, (iii) have at least 1.6 mm of tread remaining, (iv) do not have any treadwear indicator contacting the road surface, (v) have DOT markings or National Safety Marks, and (vi) are not labelled with "Not For Highway Use" or any similar label. 18. A kickstand or centrestand that is sufficient to safely support the moped and any load within its GVWR when it is parked and that retracts into a secure stowed position for when the moped is in motion. Trailers — GVWR of 4,500 kg or more — and trailer converter dollies 2.7 Subject to any conditions set out in this section or elsewhere in this regulation, the following equipment must be present on a trailer having a GVWR of 4,500 kg or more or a trailer converter dolly and is prescribed as required equipment for the purpose of the Act and this regulation: 1. A suspension system that is capable of supporting the vehicle and its load and permitting it to be towed safely when it is loaded to any weight within its GVWR. 2. A service brake system capable of safely stopping the vehicle and holding it stationary when either or both of the following apply: (a) the vehicle is loaded to any weight within its GVWR; (b) the vehicle is towing another vehicle or things that it is allowed to tow under the Act. 3. A parking brake system on vehicles equipped with an air brake service brake system that is independent from the service brake system. 4. A breakaway device if the vehicle's manufacturer originally equipped it with such a device. 5. Lamps as follows: (a) not less than two tail lamps; (b) not less than two stop lamps; (c) not less than two turn signal lamps (at rear of vehicle only); (d) not less than two hazard warning lamps (at rear of vehicle only); (e) not less than two side marker lamps; (f) not less than two intermediate side marker lamps on vehicles 9.1 m long or longer; (g) not less than four clearance lamps; (h) three identification lamps (rear only); (i) a licence plate lamp on vehicles required to display a number plate. 6. Rear retro-reflective markings. 7. Side retro-reflective markings. 8. Intermediate side retro-reflective markings on a vehicle 9.1 m long or longer. 9. A body structure, including frame if the body style is body-on-frame, sufficient to safely support the vehicle's other required equipment and load within its GVWR. Without limiting the requirement to have a body structure, the body structure must (a) provide adequate protection to effectively reduce wheel splash or spray to the vehicle's rear and, if the body does not provide adequate splash or spray protection in relation to a particular wheel, the vehicle must be equipped with a fender or mud flap that provides adequate splash and spray protection for the wheel; and (b) include such other enclosing structures (such as doors, hatch or rear cargo door) as the vehicle was equipped with by its original manufacturer. 10. Wheels and tires mounted on the vehicle securely and as necessary to (a) permit the suspension and brake systems to function properly; and (b) have a minimum of 3 mm tread depth on the tires if carrying hazardous or flammable products. Trailers — GVWR less than 4,500 kg 2.8(1) Subject to any conditions set out in this section or elsewhere in this regulation, the following equipment must be present on a trailer having a GVWR less than 4,500 kg and is prescribed as required equipment for the purpose of the Act and this regulation: 1. Lamps as follows: (a) two red tail lamps mounted (i) at the rear as symmetrically and far apart as practicable and facing rearward, and (ii) no less than 380 mm and no more than 1,830 mm above the road surface when measured from the centre of the lamp; (b) two red stop lamps mounted (i) at the rear as symmetrically and far apart as practicable and facing rearward, and (ii) no less than 380 mm and no more than 1,830 mm above the road surface when measured from the centre of the lamp; (c) two amber or red turn signal lamps mounted (i) at the rear as symmetrically and far apart as practicable and facing rearward, and (ii) no less than 380 mm and no more than 2,110 mm above the road surface when measured from the centre of the lamp; (d) two red side marker lamps mounted (i) one on each side as far rearward as practicable and facing sideward, (ii) no less than 380 mm above the road surface when measured from the centre of the lamp if the trailer is less than 2.05 m wide, and (iii) no less than 380 mm and no more than 1,530 mm above the road surface when measured from the centre of the lamp if the trailer is 2.05 m wide or wider; (e) two amber side marker lamps mounted (i) one on each side as far forward as practicable and facing sideward, and (ii) no less than 380 mm above the road surface when measured from the centre of the lamp; (f) a white number plate lamp mounted at the rear in a location that illuminates the number plate; (g) if the trailer is 2.05 m wide or wider, (i) two red clearance lamps (which must not be combined with the trailer's tail lamps) mounted near the rear and as high as practicable so as to indicate, as nearly as practicable, the extreme left and right projections of the trailer, (ii) two amber clearance lamps mounted near the front and as high as practicable so as to indicate, as nearly as practicable, the extreme left and right projections of the trailer, and (iii) three red rear identification lamps mounted in a row at the rear near the centre and as high as practicable, and spread apart 150 mm to 300 mm horizontally; (h) if the trailer is 9.1 m long or longer, two amber intermediate side marker lamps mounted one on each side near the centre facing sideward, no less than 380 mm above the road surface when measured from the centre of the lamp. 2. Reflex reflectors (which may be integrated into lamp lenses) as follows: (a) two red reflex reflectors (or equivalent retro-reflective markings) mounted (i) at the rear as symmetrically and far apart as practicable and facing rearward, and (ii) no less than 380 mm and no more than 1,530 mm above the road surface when measured from the centre of the reflector; (b) two red reflex reflectors (or equivalent retro-reflective markings) mounted (i) one on each side as far rearward as practicable and facing sideward, and (ii) no less than 380 mm and no more than 1,530 mm above the road surface when measured from the centre of the reflector; (c) two amber reflex reflectors (or equivalent retro-reflective markings) mounted (i) one on each side as far forward as practicable and facing sideward, and (ii) no less than 380 mm and no more than 1,530 mm above the road surface when measured from the centre of the reflector; (d) if the trailer is 9.1 m long or longer, two amber intermediate side reflex reflectors (or equivalent retro-reflective markings) mounted (i) one on each side near the centre facing sideward; and (ii) no less than 380 mm and no more than 1,530 mm above the road surface when measured from the centre of the reflector. 3. A suspension system that is capable of supporting the trailer and its load and permitting it to be towed safely when it is loaded to any weight within its GVWR. 4.

If the trailer has a registered gross weight of 1,360 kg or more, a service brake system capable of safely stopping the trailer and holding it stationary if the trailer (a) is loaded to any weight within its GVWR; or (b) is towing any other vehicles or things that it is allowed to tow under the Act. 5. A body structure, including frame if the body style is body-on-frame, sufficient to safely support the trailer's other required equipment and any load within its GVWR. 6. If the body structure of the trailer does not provide adequate splash or spray protection in relation to a particular wheel, a fender or mud flap that provides adequate splash and spray protection for the wheel. 7. Wheels that (a) are mounted on the trailer securely and as necessary to permit the suspension, steering and brake systems to function properly; and (b) have tires that (i) are pneumatic rubber tires, (ii) are free of bulges, exposed cords, cuts, or cracks that penetrate to the cord, (iii) have at least 1.6 mm of tread remaining, (iv) do not have any treadwear indicator contacting the road surface, (v) have DOT markings or National Safety Marks, and (vi) are not labelled with "Not For Highway Use" or any similar label. 2.8(2) All lamp assemblies and reflectors that are required equipment under this section must comply with CMVSS standards, and a non-OEM lamp must display SAE/DOT markings and the appropriate lamp type coding (see Appendix 1 at the end of section 6 of Part 1 of the Schedule). 2.8(3) Where the use of an equivalent retro-reflective marking instead of a reflector is permitted under this section, the marking must be of one of the following types: (a) individual square patches of reflective tape that (i) are of the same colour and placed in the same location as the reflectors otherwise required under this section, and (ii) display one of the markings set out in the left column of the following table and meet the minimum square area requirement set out in the column to the right of the applicable marking. Permitted Standard for Reflective Markings Minimum Square Area DOT-C2 25 cm 2 DOT-C3 56.25 cm 2 DOT-C4 100 cm 2 Towed items 2.9(1) In this section, "towed item" means anything, except a trailer or agricultural equipment, that is towed on a highway by a vehicle or an animal and includes a vehicle (including towed infrastructure equipment) and equipment or machinery of any kind. 2.9(2) Subject to any conditions set out in this section or elsewhere in this regulation, the following equipment must be present on a towed item and is prescribed as required equipment for the purpose of the Act and this regulation: 1. Lamps as follows if the towed item is 1.5 m wide or wider or 3.05 m long or longer, and is towed by a vehicle: (a) two red tail lamps mounted (i) at the rear as symmetrically and far apart as practicable and facing rearward, and (ii) no less than 380 mm and no more than 1,830 mm above the road surface when measured from the centre of the lamp; (b) two red stop lamps mounted (i) at the rear as symmetrically and far apart as practicable and facing rearward, and (ii) no less than 380 mm and no more than 1,830 mm above the road surface when measured from the centre of the lamp; (c) two amber or red turn signal lamps mounted (i) at the rear as symmetrically and far apart as practicable and facing rearward, and (ii) no less than 380 mm and no more than 2,110 mm above the road surface when measured from the centre of the lamp; (d) two red clearance lamps (unless reflectors are equipped in accordance with item 3(a) below) mounted (i) at the rear as symmetrically and far apart as practicable and facing rearward, and (ii) no less than 380 mm and no more than 1,530 mm above the road surface when measured from the centre of the lamp; (e) two red side marker lamps (unless reflectors are equipped in accordance with item 3(b) below) mounted (i) one on each side as far rearward as practicable and facing sideward, and (ii) no less than 380 mm and no more than 1,530 mm above the road surface when measured from the centre of the lamp; (f) two amber side marker lamps (unless reflectors are equipped in accordance with item 3(c) below) mounted (i) one on each side as far forward as practicable and facing sideward, and (ii) no less than 380 mm and no more than 1,530 mm above the road surface when measured from the centre of the lamp; 2. Lamps as follows if the towed item is less than 1.5 m wide and less than 3.05 m long, or is towed by an animal regardless of the item's length and width: (a) two red clearance lamps (unless reflectors are equipped in accordance with item 3(a) below) mounted (i) at the rear as symmetrically and far apart as practicable and facing rearward, and (ii) no less than 380 mm and no more than 1,530 mm above the road surface when measured from the centre of the lamp; (b) two red side marker lamps (unless reflectors are equipped in accordance with item 3(b) below) mounted (i) one on each side as far rearward as practicable and facing sideward, and (ii) no less than 380 mm and no more than 1,530 mm above the road surface when measured from the centre of the lamp; (c) two amber side marker lamps (unless reflectors are equipped in accordance with item 3(c) below) mounted (i) one on each side as far forward as practicable and facing sideward, and (ii) no less than 380 mm and no more than 1,530 mm above the road surface when measured from the centre of the lamp; and (d) if the towed item is towed on a highway at a time when headlamps are required to be lighted, a red tail lamp mounted at the rear, no less than 380 mm and no more than 1,830 mm above the road surface when measured from the centre of the lamp; 3. Reflex reflectors (which may be integrated into lamp lenses) as follows for any towed item: (a) two red reflex reflectors or equivalent retro-reflective markings (unless clearance lamps are equipped in accordance with item 1(d) or 2(a) above) mounted (i) at the rear as symmetrically and far apart as practicable and facing rearward, and (ii) no less than 380 mm and no more than 1,530 mm above the road surface when measured from the centre of the reflector; (b) two red reflex reflectors or equivalent retro-reflective markings (unless side marker lamps are equipped in accordance with item 1(e) or 2(b) above) mounted (i) one on each side as far rearward as practicable and facing sideward, and (ii) no less than 380 mm and no more than 1,530 mm above the road surface when measured from the centre of the reflector; (c) two amber reflex reflectors or equivalent retro-reflective markings (unless side marker lamps are equipped in accordance with item 1(f) or 2(c) above) mounted (i) one on each side as far forward as practicable and facing sideward, and (ii) no less than 380 mm and no more than 1,530 mm above the road surface when measured from the centre of the reflector. 4. If the towed item has an actual gross weight of 1,360 kg or more, a service brake system capable of safely stopping the towed item and holding it stationary. 5. Wheels that (a) are mounted on the towed item securely and as necessary to permit the suspension, steering and brake systems to function properly; and (b) have tires that (i) are pneumatic rubber tires, (ii) are free of bulges, exposed cords, cuts, or cracks that penetrate to the cord, (iii) have at least 1.6 mm of tread remaining, (iv) do not have any treadwear indicator contacting the road surface, (v) have DOT markings or National Safety Marks, and (vi) are not labelled with "Not For Highway Use" or any similar label. 2.9(3) All lamp assemblies and reflectors that are required equipment under this section must comply with CMVSS standards, and a non-OEM lamp must display SAE/DOT markings and the appropriate lamp type coding (see Appendix 1 at the end of section 6 of Part 1 of the Schedule). 2.9(4) Where the use of an equivalent reflective marking instead of a reflector is permitted under this section, the marking must be of one of the following types: (a) individual square patches of reflective tape that (i) are of the same colour and placed in the same location as the reflectors otherwise required under this Part, and (ii) display one of the markings set out in the left column of the following table and meet the minimum square area requirement set out in the column to the right of the applicable marking. Permitted Standard for Reflective Markings Minimum Square Area DOT-C2 25 cm 2 DOT-C3 56.25 cm 2 DOT-C4 100 cm 2 Self-propelled agricultural equipment 2.10 Subject to any conditions set out in this section or elsewhere in this regulation, the following equipment must be present on self-propelled agricultural equipment and is prescribed as required equipment for the purpose of the Act and this regulation: 1. A service brake system and parking brake system capable of safely stopping the agricultural equipment and holding it stationary. 2. For self-propelled agricultural equipment manufactured on or after January 1, 1998, lamps as follows: (a) not less than two headlamps that (i) substantially conform to SAE Standard J975, Headlamps for Agricultural Equipment , (ii) emit a white light, and (iii) are mounted so as to provide general illumination ahead of the equipment, at the same height and are spaced laterally as widely as practicable; (b) at least one tail lamp that (i) conforms to SAE Standard J585, Tail Lamps , (ii) emits a red light, (iii) is mounted to the rear and facing rearward, (iv) if it is the only tail lamp, is mounted to the left of the centre of the equipment and not more than 1.5 m from that centre, and (v) if it is one of two tail lamps, is mounted so that (A) one tail lamp is mounted in accordance with subclause (iv), and (B) the other tail lamp is mounted to the right of the centre of the equipment in such a manner that both lamps are at the same height and, to the extent practicable, are mounted symmetrically around the vertical centre line of the rear of the equipment; (c) at least two warning lamps that (i) conform to SAE Standard J974, Flashing Warning Lamps for Agricultural Equipment , (ii) emit an amber light, (iii) flash in unison at not less than 60 flashes per minute and not more than 85 flashes per minute, (iv) are mounted so as to be visible from both the front and the rear of the equipment, (v) are mounted so that (A) two of the lamps are as widely spaced laterally as practicable and all of the lamps are as symmetrical as practicable, and (B) they are not less than 1 m from the ground, (vi) in the case of self-propelled agricultural equipment that is more than 4 m wide, are mounted so that a warning lamp is not more than 400 mm from each of the lateral extremities of the equipment, (vii) if the self-propelled agricultural equipment can signal turns to the left or right, are used as turn signals and constructed so that, while a turn is being signalled, (A) the warning lamp or lamps opposite the direction of the turn are lighted continuously, without flashing, and (B) despite subclause (iii), the warning lamp or warning lamps signalling the direction of the turn increase the rate of flashing by not less than 20 flashes per minute to a rate of not more than 110 flashes per minute. 3. For self-propelled agricultural equipment manufactured on or after January 1, 1998, two red reflectors that (a) either (i) conform to the description of reflex reflectors in SAE Standard J594, (ii) form part of the lens of a lamp, if the lens is refractive, or (iii) consist of reflective material that (A) is clearly visible at nighttime from 183 m when directly in front of the low beam of headlamps, and (B) meets the durability requirements of reflective materials as specified in ANSI/ASAE Standard S276, Slow-Moving Vehicle Identification Emblem ; (b) are visible from the rear; and (c) are mounted so as to indicate as nearly as practicable the extreme right and extreme left projections of the equipment. 4. For self-propelled agricultural equipment designed to tow other agricultural equipment, one seven-terminal receptacle that (a) conforms to SAE Standard J560, Seven-Conductor Electrical Connector for Truck-Trailer Jumper Cable ; (b) is mounted immediately behind the rear axle and as near as practicable to the vertical centre line of the rear of the self-propelled agricultural equipment; and (c) has at least the receptacle terminal numbers 1, 3, 5 and 6 (ground, warning, turn signals and tail lamps) wired for service. 5. For self-propelled agricultural equipment manufactured before January 1, 1998 that is operated on a highway during the daytime, other than when there is insufficient light to render a person clearly discernible on a highway at a distance of 60 m, (a) reflectors in accordance with item 3; and (b) if the equipment is more than 4 m wide, either (i) warning lamps in accordance with item 2(c), or (ii) on each of the lateral extremities of the equipment, a fluorescent flag of not less than 0.2 m 2 displayed in such a manner that its full area is visible to the driver of a vehicle approaching from the front or rear. 6. For self-propelled agricultural equipment manufactured before January 1, 1998 that is operated on a highway during the nighttime, or when there is insufficient light to render a person clearly discernible on a highway at a distance of 60 m, (a) headlamps in accordance with item 2(a); (b) a tail lamp or tail lamps in accordance with item 2(b); and (c) warning lamps in accordance with items 2(c)⁠(i), (ii), (iv), (v) and (vi), except that the lamps may be moveable. Towed agricultural equipment 2.11(1) Subject to any conditions set out in this section or elsewhere in this regulation, the following equipment must be present on towed agricultural equipment manufactured on or after January 1, 1998 and is prescribed as required equipment for the purpose of the Act and this regulation: 1. A service brake system capable of safely stopping the towed agricultural equipment and holding it stationary, if originally equipped by the manufacturer. 2. For towed agricultural equipment extending more than 1.2 m to the left of the centre of the towing vehicle, at least one amber reflector that (a) either (i) conforms to the description of reflex reflectors in SAE Standard J594, (ii) forms part of the lens of a lamp, if the lens is refractive, or (iii) consists of reflective material that (A) is clearly visible at nighttime from 183 m when directly in front of the low beam of headlamps, and (B) meets the durability requirements of reflective materials as specified in ANSI/ASAE Standard S276, Slow-Moving Vehicle Identification Emblem ; and (b) is visible to the front of the equipment; and (c) is mounted so as to indicate, as nearly as practicable, the extreme left projection of the equipment. 3. For towed agricultural equipment extending more than 10 m behind the hitch point of the towing vehicle, amber reflectors visible from the left and the right sides of the equipment and spaced at intervals of 5 m or less measured from the high point of the towing vehicle, with the rearmost reflector mounted as far to the rear of the towed agricultural equipment as practicable. 4. For towed agricultural equipment extending more than 1.2 m to the right or left of the centre line of the towing vehicle, or more than 1.2 m behind the hitch point of the towing vehicle, not less than two red reflectors that (a) either (i) conform to the description of reflex reflectors in SAE Standard J594, (ii) form part of the lens of a lamp, if the lens is refractive, or (iii) consist of reflective material that (A) is clearly visible at nighttime from 183 m when directly in front of the low beam of headlamps, and (B) meet the durability requirements of reflective materials as specified in ANSI/ASAE Standard S276, Slow-Moving Vehicle Identification Emblem ; and (b) are mounted so as to indicate, as nearly as practicable, the extreme left and extreme right projections of the equipment. 5. For towed agricultural equipment that (a) impairs the visibility of any warning lamp of the towing vehicle; (b) is more than 4 m wide or extends more than 2 m to the left or right of the centre line of the towing vehicle and the width or extension extends beyond the left or right extremity of the towing vehicle; or (c) extends more than 10 m behind the hitch point of the towing vehicle; not less than two warning lamps that (d) conform to SAE Standard J974, Flashing Warning Lamp for Agricultural Equipment ; (e) emit an amber light; (f) flash in unison at not less than 60 flashes per minute and not more than 85 flashes per minute and do so in unison with the warning lamps on the towing vehicle; (g) are mounted so as to be visible from both the front and the rear; (h) are mounted so that (i) two of the lamps are spaced laterally not more than 400 mm from each of the lateral extremities of the equipment, and (ii) if practicable, the lamps are not less than 1 m and not more than 3 m from the ground; and (i) if the equipment can signal turns to the left or right, are used as turn signals and constructed so that, while a turn is being signalled, (i) the warning lamp or lamps opposite the direction of the turn are lighted continuously, without flashing, and (ii) despite clause (f), the warning lamp or warning lamps signalling the direction of the turn increase the rate of flashing by not less than 20 flashes per minute to a rate of not more than 110 flashes per minute. 6. For towed agricultural equipment that is subject to item 5 and asymmetrical, a warning lamp that (a) conforms to SAE Standard J974, Flashing Warning Lamps for Agricultural Equipment ; (b) emits an amber light; (c) flashes at not less than 60 flashes per minute and not more than 85 flashes per minute; (d) is mounted so as to be visible from both the front and the rear of the equipment; and (e) is mounted not more than 400 mm from the lateral extremity of the extension of the equipment. 7. For towed agricultural equipment that impairs the visibility of a tail lamp of the towing vehicle, at least one tail lamp that (a) conforms to SAE Standard J585, Tail Lamps ; (b) emits a red light; (c) is mounted to the rear and facing rearward; (d) if it is the only tail lamp, is mounted to the left of the centre of the equipment and not more than 1.5 m from that centre; and (e) if it is one of two tail lamps, is mounted so that (i) one tail lamp is mounted in accordance with clause (d), and (ii) the other tail lamp is mounted to the right of the centre of the equipment in such a manner that both lamps are at the same height and, to the extent practicable, are mounted symmetrically around the vertical centre line of the rear of the equipment. 8. For towed agricultural equipment that must be equipped with lamps under item 6 or 7, one seven-terminal plug conforming to SAE Standard J560, Seven-Conductor Electrical Connector for Truck-Trailer Jumper Cable located so that it can be readily connected to the seven-terminal receptacle of the towing vehicle. 9. For towed agricultural equipment that (a) is operated during the nighttime or when there is insufficient light to render a person clearly discernible on a highway at a distance of 60 m; (b) is towed by a vehicle that is not equipped to activate the lamps on the towed agricultural equipment that are described in items 5 to 7; and (c) either (i) impairs the visibility of any warning lamp of the towing vehicle, (ii) is more than 4 m wide or extends more than 2 m to the left or right of the centre line of the towing vehicle and the width or extension extends beyond the left or right extremity of the towing vehicle, or (iii) extends more than 10 m behind the hitch point of the towing vehicle, the following additional equipment: (d) fixed or moveable auxiliary lamps that (i) conform to SAE Standard J974, Flashing Warning Lamp for Agricultural Equipment , (ii) emit an amber light, (iii) are mounted so as to be visible from both the front and the rear, and (iv) are mounted so that (A) two of the lamps are spaced laterally not more than 400 mm from each of the lateral extremities of the towed agricultural equipment, and (B) if practicable, the lamps are not less than 1 m and not more than 3 m from the ground, and (e) for towed agricultural equipment that impairs the visibility of a tail lamp of the towing vehicle, at least one fixed or moveable auxiliary lamp that (i) conforms to SAE Standard J585, Tail Lamps , (ii) emits a red light, (iii) is mounted to the rear and facing rearward, (iv) if it is the only auxiliary tail lamp, is mounted to the left of the centre of the equipment and not more than 1.5 m from that centre, and (v) if it is one of two auxiliary tail lamps, is mounted so that (A) one auxiliary tail lamp is mounted in accordance with subclause (iv), and (B) the other auxiliary tail lamp is mounted to the right of the centre of the equipment in such a manner that both lamps are at the same height and, to the extent practicable, are mounted symmetrically around the vertical centre line of the rear of the equipment. 10. A slow-moving vehicle emblem that (a) complies with ANSI/ASAE S276, Slow Moving Vehicle Identification Emblem ; and (b) is mounted securely on the towed agricultural equipment so as to be clearly visible to a person in a vehicle approaching from the rear. 2.11(2) Subject to any conditions set out in this section or elsewhere in this regulation, the following equipment must be present on towed agricultural equipment manufactured before January 1, 1998 and is prescribed as required equipment for the purpose of the Act and this regulation: 1. If the towed agricultural equipment is not equipped as per subsection (1) and is operated during the daytime other than when there is insufficient light to render a person clearly discernible on a highway at a distance of 60 m, reflectors that comply with the requirements of items 2 to 4 of subsection (1) and, in addition, if the towed agricultural equipment (a) is more than 4 m wide; (b) extends more than 2 m to the left or right of the centre line of the towing vehicle and extends beyond the left or right extremity of the towing vehicle; or (c) extends more than 10 m behind the hitch point of the towing vehicle; the following additional equipment: (d) fixed or moveable auxiliary lamps that (i) conform to SAE Standard J974, Flashing Warning Lamp for Agricultural Equipment , (ii) emit an amber light, (iii) are mounted so as to be visible from both the front and the rear, and (iv) are mounted so that (A) two of the lamps are spaced laterally not more than 400 mm from each of the lateral extremities of the towed agricultural equipment, and (B) if practicable, the lamps are not less than 1 m and not more than 3 m from the ground; or (e) on each of the lateral extremities of the towed agricultural equipment, a fluorescent flag of not less than 0.2 m 2 displayed in such a manner that its full area is visible to the driver of a vehicle approaching from the front or rear. 2. If the towed agricultural equipment is not equipped in accordance with subsection (1) and is operated during the nighttime or when there is insufficient light to render a person clearly discernible on a highway at a distance of 60 m, reflectors that comply with the requirements of items 2 to 4 of subsection (1) and, in addition, if the towed agricultural equipment (a) is more than 4 m wide; (b) extends more than 2 m to the left or right of the centre line of the towing vehicle and extends beyond the left or right extremity of the towing vehicle; or (c) extends more than 10 m behind the hitch point of the towing vehicle, the following additional equipment: (d) fixed or moveable auxiliary lamps that (i) conform to SAE Standard J974, Flashing Warning Lamp for Agricultural Equipment , (ii) emit an amber light, (iii) are mounted so as to be visible from both the front and the rear, and (iv) are mounted so that (A) two of the lamps are spaced laterally not more than 400 mm from each of the lateral extremities of the towed agricultural equipment, and (B) if practicable, the lamps are not less than 1 m and not more than 3 m from the ground; or (e) at least one tail lamp that (i) conforms to SAE Standard J585, Tail Lamps , (ii) emits a red light, (iii) is mounted to the rear and facing rearward, (iv) if it is the only tail lamp, is mounted to the left of the centre of the towed agricultural equipment and not more than 1.5 m from that centre, and (v) if it is one of two tail lamps, is mounted so that (A) one tail lamps is mounted in accordance with subclause (iv), and (B) the other tail lamp is mounted to the right of the centre of the towed agricultural equipment in such a manner that both lamps are at the same height and, to the extent practicable, are mounted symmetrically around the vertical centre line of the rear of the equipment. 3. Unless the slow-moving vehicle emblem required under item 10 in subsection (1) remains visible from the rear of the towed agricultural equipment, a slow-moving vehicle emblem that (a) complies with ANSI/ASAE S276, Slow Moving Vehicle Identification Emblem ; and (b) is mounted securely on the towed agricultural equipment so as to be clearly visible to a person in a vehicle approaching from the rear. Exemption for agricultural equipment accompanied by escort vehicles 2.12 Despite sections 2.10 and 2.11, agricultural equipment may be driven or towed on a highway while a lamp required by either of those sections is malfunctioning, if (a) the equipment is being moved to the nearest place where it can reasonably be repaired; and (b) it is being accompanied by two escort vehicles that meet the following conditions: (i) each escort vehicle is a motor vehicle or self-propelled agricultural equipment, (ii) one escort vehicle travels no more than 90 m ahead of the malfunctioning agricultural equipment and the other travels no more than 90 m behind it, (iii) all emergency lamps are lit on each of the two escort vehicles, and (iv) each escort vehicle equipped with an oscillating amber lamp has that lamp lighted. Self-propelled infrastructure equipment 2.13 Subject to any conditions set out in this section or elsewhere in this regulation, the following equipment must be present on self-propelled infrastructure equipment and is prescribed as required equipment for the purpose of the Act and this regulation: 1. Lamps and reflex reflectors as follows: (a) not less than two but no more than four headlamps; (b) not less than two tail lamps; (c) at least one amber clearance lamp or reflector (which may be integrated into a lamp lens) mounted (i) on the front and facing forward, and (ii) positioned to indicate, as nearly as practicable, the extreme left position of the self-propelled infrastructure equipment; (d) at least two red reflectors (which may be integrated into lamp lenses) mounted (i) to the rear and facing rearward, and (ii) positioned to indicate, as nearly as practicable, the extreme left and extreme right projections of the self-propelled infrastructure equipment. 2. A service brake system and parking brake system capable of safely stopping the self-propelled infrastructure equipment and holding it stationary. Auxiliary lamp if original lamp obstructed 2.14 A vehicle on which a lamp required by any of sections 2.1 to 2.13 is obstructed must be equipped with an auxiliary lamp of the same standard and condition as the obstructed lamp, placed in an unobstructed position as close as practicable to the obstructed lamp. PART 3 PROHIBITED AND RESTRICTED EQUIPMENT Overview 3.1 This Part sets out the types of equipment that are prohibited from being used on a highway, as well as the types of equipment that are use-restricted. It also provides exemptions for various types of special vehicles such as emergency vehicles. LAMPS Lamps — prohibited and optional equipment 3.2(1) Except as otherwise required or permitted under the Act, the regulations under the Act, a permit issued by the registrar under section 3.4 or the Motor Vehicle Safety Regulations , a vehicle on a highway must not be equipped with (a) any lamp that is not a white lamp; (b) a white lamp at the rear of a vehicle, or directed towards the rear of a vehicle, that is illuminated while the vehicle is travelling forward; (c) any lamp that flashes, oscillates, or lights intermittently; (d) any lamp other than a stationary lamp; or (e) any lamp enumerated in subsection (2), unless no rejection criterion exists in respect of the lamp. 3.2(2) In addition to any of the lamps required for the applicable vehicle type by Part 2, a vehicle may be equipped with any of the following lamps, but only if each lamp meets the requirements of clause (1)⁠(e) and the quantity of each type of lamp does not exceed the limit for the applicable vehicle type, if any, set by Part 2: (a) headlamps; (b) parking lamps; (c) tail lamps; (d) stop lamps; (e) no more than one centre high-mount stop lamp; (f) turn signal lamps; (g) side turn signal repeaters that are (i) located in any combination of the following: (A) one amber on each front fender, (B) one amber on each exterior rear view mirror and facing forward, (C) one amber or red on each exterior rear view mirror and facing rearward, and (ii) activated by the turn signal switch and flash simultaneously with the front turn signal lamps; (h) hazard warning lamps; (i) number plate lamps; (j) side marker lamps; (k) backup lamps; (l) clearance lamps; (m) up to two driving lamps (high beam or low beam); (n) daytime running lamps; (o) fog lamps; (p) identification lamps; (q) no more than two cargo lamps that emit a white light and are positioned and directed toward the rear of the vehicle to assist in loading or unloading cargo; (r) under vehicle lamps equipped with an interlock switch that prevents the lamps from being illuminated while the vehicle is in motion; (s) off-road lamps. 3.2(3) Subsection (1) does not apply to any lamp on a vehicle that (a) was originally equipped by the manufacturer for use in Canada; and (b) is not a lamp that was only equipped because the vehicle is or was an emergency vehicle. M.R. 123/2025 Lamps — prohibition on use while on highway 3.3(1) A lamp that is not prohibited under section 3.2 must not be lighted while the vehicle is on a highway unless the lamp — and the operation of the lamp on a highway — is required or expressly permitted by (a) the Act; (b) the regulations under the Act; (c) a permit of the registrar under section 3.4; or (d) the Motor Vehicle Safety Regulations . 3.3(2) Subsection (1) does not apply to any lamp on a vehicle that (a) was originally equipped by the manufacturer for use in Canada; and (b) is not a lamp that was only equipped because the vehicle is or was an emergency vehicle. 3.3(3) Despite subsection (1), self-propelled agricultural equipment may be operated on a highway if the equipment is equipped with a flood lamp or general purpose lamp, but only if the lamp is aimed straight downward or downward and forward so as to illuminate the highway close to the agricultural equipment. 3.3(4) The driver of a vehicle equipped with an off-road lamp must ensure the off-road lamp is covered with an opaque covering while the vehicle is on a highway. M.R. 123/2025 Special permit for prohibited lighting 3.4 The registrar may issue a permit to the owner or operator of a vehicle that permits the vehicle to be equipped with lighting otherwise prohibited under section 3.2 if, in the registrar's opinion, (a) permitting the vehicle to be equipped with prohibited lighting is in the public interest; and (b) the vehicle will be operated in a manner that protects the safety of the public. Lamps — restriction on use of school bus warning system 3.5 The warning system on a school bus as set out in item 17(o) of section 2.4 must not be operated unless the system is operated (a) while the school bus is being used to transport children to or from school; and (b) in accordance with section 137 of the Act. SIRENS Sirens 3.6 Except as otherwise permitted by the Act or a regulation under the Act, a vehicle must not be equipped with a siren or any device that is capable of producing a sound resembling a siren. SPECIAL EQUIPMENT FOR CERTAIN TYPES OF VEHICLES Special equipment — vehicles used by police forces 3.7(1) An emergency vehicle that is used by a police force (a) must be equipped with at least one of the following: (i) white alternating flashing headlamps, (ii) one or more rotating, oscillating, pulsating or flashing red, white or blue lamps, (iii) one or more amber lamps on the roof or rear of the vehicle that light intermittently or in flashes; and (b) may be equipped with any of the following: (i) one or more spot or flood lamps that emit a white light, (ii) one or more sirens. 3.7(2) Despite Part 2 and section 5.2, a motor vehicle used for police duty may be equipped with a control system that, when activated, bypasses the circuitry controlling the motor vehicle's daytime running lamps, but only if the motor vehicle is also equipped with an indicator light to alert the driver that the daytime running lamps have been bypassed and the indicator light is lighted whenever the bypass control is activated. 3.7(3) Despite Part 2, a motor vehicle used for police duty may be equipped with a control that, when activated, bypasses the circuitry controlling the motor vehicle's stop lamps, but only if the motor vehicle is also equipped with an indicator light to alert the driver that the stop lamps have been bypassed and the indicator light is lighted whenever the bypass control is activated. Special equipment — vehicles used by fire departments and other emergency response vehicles 3.8 An emergency vehicle that is used by a fire department, is an authorized emergency vehicle or is a vehicle used to respond to emergencies and operated under the authority of a government emergency organization (a) must be equipped with at least one of the following: (i) white alternating flashing headlamps, (ii) one or more rotating, oscillating, pulsating or flashing red or white lamps, (iii) one or more amber lamps on the roof or on the rear of the vehicle that light intermittently or in flashes, (iv) one or more red lamps on the side or rear of the vehicle that light intermittently or in flashes; and (b) may be equipped with any of the following: (i) one or more spot or flood lamps that emit a white light, (ii) one or more sirens. Special equipment — vehicles used by an ambulance service 3.9 An emergency vehicle that is used by an ambulance service (a) must be equipped with at least one of the following: (i) white alternating flashing headlamps, (ii) one or more rotating, oscillating, pulsating or flashing red or white lamps, (iii) one or more amber lamps on the roof or on the rear of the vehicle that light intermittently or in flashes, (iv) one or more red lamps on the side or rear of the vehicle that light intermittently or in flashes; and (b) may be equipped with any of the following: (i) one or more spot or flood lamps that emit a white light, (ii) one or more sirens. Special equipment — part-time emergency vehicles 3.10(1) In this section, "part-time emergency vehicle" means a vehicle not ordinarily used for emergency purposes that is used to respond to a fire, medical or other emergency by (a) a volunteer, part-time or on-call emergency responder; or (b) a person who is not an emergency responder, but who has been assigned emergency response duties by a fire department. 3.10(2) The driver of a part-time emergency vehicle must not exercise any of the privileges granted under subsection 106(1) of the Act unless the vehicle is equipped with one or both of the following: (a) a forward-facing pulsating or flashing red visor lamp or dash lamp, alone or in combination with a white lamp in the equivalent position; (b) a removable rotating, oscillating, pulsating or flashing red lamp that can be mounted on the roof of the vehicle. 3.10(3) The part-time emergency vehicle may be equipped with any of the following additional equipment: (a) two forward-facing pulsating or flashing red lamps mounted in or on the grille of the vehicle or within the forward-facing turn signals of the vehicle; (b) two rear-facing pulsating or flashing red lamps mounted on the back of the vehicle or within the tail lamps of the vehicle; (c) a rear-facing pulsating or flashing red or amber lamp, or both a red and amber lamp, visible from the vehicle's rear window; (d) a rear-facing pulsating or flashing amber light bar. 3.10(4) The driver of the part-time emergency vehicle must not exercise any of the privileges granted under subsection 106(1) of the Act unless a red lamp referred to in subsection (2) is illuminated. 3.10(5) A person must not drive the part-time emergency vehicle while the removable lamp described in clause (2)⁠(b) is mounted on the roof of the vehicle unless the person is responding to an emergency. M.R. 123/2025 Special equipment — vehicles used by provincial or federal government officers 3.11(1) A government motor vehicle that is used by an enforcement officer may be equipped with any of the following: (a) white alternating flashing headlamps; (b) one or more rotating, oscillating, pulsating or flashing red or red and blue lamps, alone or in combination with a white rotating, oscillating, pulsating or flashing lamp; (c) one or more amber lamps on the roof or rear of the vehicle that light intermittently or in flashes; (d) one or more spot or flood lamps that emit a white light; (e) a siren. 3.11(2) Despite Part 2 and section 5.2, a government motor vehicle that is used by an enforcement officer may be equipped with a control system that, when activated, bypasses the circuitry controlling the motor vehicle's daytime running lamps, but only if the motor vehicle is also equipped with an indicator light to alert the driver that the daytime running lamps have been bypassed and the indicator light is lighted whenever the bypass control is activated. 3.11(3) Despite Part 2, a government motor vehicle that is used by an enforcement officer may be equipped with a control that, when activated, bypasses the circuitry controlling the motor vehicle's stop lamps, but only if the motor vehicle is also equipped with an indicator light to alert the driver that the stop lamps have been bypassed and the indicator light is lighted whenever the bypass control is activated. Use of sirens and emergency lighting 3.12 The required or optional equipment described for a vehicle in any of sections 3.7 to 3.11 must not be operated while the vehicle is on a highway except when the vehicle (a) is responding to an emergency; (b) is in pursuit of an actual or suspected law breaker; (c) is used in the exercise of a peace officer's power under section 76.1 of the Act; (d) in the case of a government vehicle used by an enforcement officer, is used for a purpose for which the vehicle is authorized to be used; or (e) is participating in a parade, special event, or a public demonstration of the use of its equipment. Special equipment — roadside assistance vehicles 3.13(1) A roadside assistance vehicle as defined in subsection 109.1(1) of the Act must be equipped with at least one lamp that (a) emits an amber or yellow light; (b) has a flashing or oscillating beam; and (c) is mounted in a position on the vehicle so that, when the lamp is illuminated, it is clearly visible under normal atmospheric conditions from all directions for a distance of at least 150 m. 3.13(2) While the roadside assistance vehicle is on a highway, the lamp described in subsection (1) (a) must be illuminated at all times when the vehicle is assisting, loading, or unloading a disabled or inoperable vehicle; and (b) must not be illuminated in any other case. 3.13(3) In addition to the lamp required by subsection (1), if authorized by the registrar, a roadside assistance vehicle as defined in subsection 109.1(1) of the Act may be equipped with no more than two lamps that (a) emit a red light; (b) have a flashing or oscillating beam; (c) are equipped so as to automatically deactivate when the vehicle is in motion; (d) are mounted in a position on the vehicle so that, when the lamps are illuminated, they are clearly visible under normal atmospheric conditions from all directions for a distance of at least 150 m; and (e) are not configured — including the flash or oscillation pattern — in a manner that makes it likely for the lights to be confused with those of a school bus. 3.13(4) A lamp described in subsection (3) must not be illuminated except when (a) a lamp described in subsection (1) may be illuminated under subsection (2); and (b) the roadside assistance vehicle is located on a highway with a speed limit of 60 km/h or greater. Special equipment — winter maintenance vehicles 3.14 A winter maintenance vehicle (a) must be equipped with at least one rotating, oscillating, pulsating or flashing blue lamp; and (b) may be equipped with one or more additional rotating, oscillating, pulsating or flashing blue or amber lamps. M.R. 126/2025 Special equipment — agricultural equipment 3.15 Agricultural equipment may be equipped with one or more amber lamps that rotate, oscillate, pulsate, or flash intermittently. Special equipment — highway maintenance vehicles 3.16 A vehicle operated by or on behalf of the traffic authority for the purpose of highway construction, highway maintenance or the collection of refuse may be equipped with one or more rotating, oscillating, pulsating or flashing amber lamps. M.R. 126/2025 Special equipment — overhead utility vehicles 3.17 A vehicle equipped or designed for overhead wire construction or repair work may be equipped with (a) one or more amber lamps that rotate, oscillate, pulsate, or flash intermittently; and (b) one or more spot or flood lamps that emit a white light. Special equipment — farm trucks 3.18 A motor vehicle registered as a farm truck may be equipped with an amber oscillating lamp, but while the vehicle is on a highway the lamp may not be operated except to increase the truck's visibility for agricultural-related purposes. Special equipment — funeral vehicles 3.19 A motor vehicle driven to lead funeral processions may be equipped with a purple flashing lamp, but while the vehicle is on a highway the lamp may not be operated except while the vehicle is leading a funeral procession. Special equipment — vehicles for hire 3.20 A vehicle for hire as defined in The Local Vehicles for Hire Act may be equipped with (a) an illuminated sign on the roof of the vehicle indicating that the vehicle is a taxi or vehicle for hire; and (b) a white strobe light, which must not be operated while the vehicle is on a highway, except to signal an emergency. OTHER EQUIPMENT Studded tires and other protuberances 3.21(1) Subject to subsection (2), a vehicle must not be equipped with a tire that has on its periphery any block, stud, flange, cleat, or spike or any other protuberance of any material, other than rubber, that projects beyond the tread of the traction surface of the tire. 3.21(2) From October 1 of one year to April 30 of the following year, a vehicle may be equipped with tires containing safety studs composed of metal with an exposed central core of tungsten carbide or ceramic material. Tinted windows 3.22(1) A motor vehicle must not be equipped with a windshield that has window tinting incorporated into or applied onto it, unless (a) the window tinting was incorporated into the windshield by the manufacturer and complies with the Canada Motor Vehicle Safety Act and its regulations; or (b) the window tinting has not been applied to more than the top 127 mm of the windshield and does not reduce light transmission to less than (i) 25% if the window tinting has been applied as a uniform shade band, or (ii) 5% in the top 64 mm and 25% in the remainder if the window tinting has been applied as a graduated shade band. 3.22(2) A motor vehicle must not be equipped with a window to the immediate left or right of the driver's seat that has window tinting incorporated into or applied onto it if the window tinting (a) reduces light transmission to less than 50%; or (b) increases light reflection to more than 35%. 3.22(3) A passenger car or a multipurpose passenger vehicle must not be equipped with a window that has window tinting incorporated into or applied onto it so as to reduce light transmission to less than 50%, unless the vehicle is equipped with outside rear view mirrors on both the driver and passenger side. 3.22(4) An inspection station or person authorized or approved under subsection 141(1) of The Drivers and Vehicles Act may affix a mark to a motor vehicle verifying that light transmission and reflection levels in respect of a window of the motor vehicle comply with this regulation. 3.22(5) The window of a motor vehicle is deemed to comply with this section if (a) light transmission through the window of a motor vehicle is measured with a test meter designed for that purpose; (b) the test meter is operated in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions; and (c) the light transmission reading of the test meter is at least 95% of the minimum applicable light transmission required by this section. Mufflers and muffler cut-outs 3.23(1) A motor vehicle must not be equipped with a straight exhaust, gutted muffler or any muffler modified to permanently increase the sound level generated by the vehicle while the engine is operating. 3.23(2) Despite subsection (1), a motor vehicle may be equipped with a device designed to temporarily bypass or prevent the operation of the vehicle's muffler, but the device may not be active or operating while the vehicle is on a highway. M.R. 123/2025 Obstructions from view 3.24(1) Subject to subsection (2), a vehicle may not be equipped so that the driver does not have an unobstructed view of 180 degrees measured from a line across the back of the driver's seat. 3.24(2) The registrar may issue a permit to the owner or operator of a vehicle that permits the vehicle to be equipped contrary to subsection (1) if, in the registrar's opinion, issuing the permit does not endanger the safety of the public. PART 4 STANDARDS OF SAFETY AND REPAIR, INSPECTION PROCEDURES AND COMPLIANCE CRITERIA Overview 4.1 This Part sets out the technical standards that different types of vehicles must meet to be registrable in Manitoba. It also establishes the inspection criteria that a vehicle inspector in Manitoba must follow. Standards of safety and repair, inspection procedures and compliance criteria 4.2(1) Subject to subsection (4), the standards of safety and repair of the types of vehicles listed in subsection (3) and parts of those vehicles, and the inspection procedures and criteria for determining compliance with those standards, are (a) those set out in the Schedule; or (b) the standards of safety and repair or inspection procedures specified by a vehicle's original manufacturer if the manufacturer specifies standards of safety and repair or inspection procedures that are less rigorous than those set out in the Schedule. 4.2(2) The Schedule may be referred to as the " Vehicle Inspection Handbook for Manitoba ". 4.2(3) Subsection (1) applies to the following types of vehicles and parts of those vehicles: (a) light vehicles and their parts, other than pressure fuel systems; (b) motorcycles and their parts. 4.2(4) The standards of safety and repair of pressure fuel systems in light vehicles, and the inspection procedures and criteria for determining compliance with those standards, are those set out in Part B (Periodic Commercial Motor Vehicle Inspections) of National Safety Code Standard 11 . The pressure fuel system of a light vehicle is to be inspected and must comply with those standards as if the vehicle was a truck within the meaning of those standards.

4.2(5) The standards of safety and repair of the types of vehicles listed in subsection (6) and parts of those vehicles, and the inspection procedures and criteria for determining compliance with those standards, are (a) those set out in Part B (Periodic Commercial Motor Vehicle Inspections) of National Safety Code Standard 11 ; or (b) in the case of heating systems for the passenger compartments of buses other than school buses, the standards of safety and repair or inspection procedures specified in subsection (7.1) if those standards of safety and repair or inspection procedures are more rigorous than those set out in Part B of National Safety Code Standard 11 . 4.2(6) Subsection (5) applies to the following types of vehicles and parts of those vehicles: (a) trucks having a GVWR of 4,500 kg or more, regardless of registered gross weight, and their parts; (b) ambulances having a GVWR of 4,500 kg or more, regardless of registered gross weight, and their parts; (c) stretcher transportation vehicles having a GVWR of 4,500 kg or more, regardless of registered gross weight, and their parts; (d) buses other than school buses and parts of buses other than school buses; (e) trailers having a GVWR of 4,500 kg or more, regardless of registered gross weight, and their parts; (f) trailer converter dollies, as defined in section 1 of the Vehicle Weights and Dimensions on Classes of Highways Regulation , Manitoba Regulation 155/2018, and their parts. 4.2(7) For the purposes of interpreting and applying the standards of safety and repair prescribed by subsection (5), (a) a vehicle having a GVWR of 4,500 kg or more is deemed to have a registered gross weight equal to its GVWR; and (b) an ambulance or stretcher transportation vehicle having a GVWR of 4,500 kg or more is deemed to be a truck having a registered gross weight equal to that GVWR and must be inspected to the same standards as such a truck. 4.2(7.1) The heating systems for passenger compartments of buses other than school buses must be inspected by testing the operation of all heaters and their controls in all operating modes and positions. Each of the following conditions is a rejection criterion if it constitutes a ground to fail the bus on an inspection performed for the purpose of The Highway Traffic Act , The Drivers and Vehicles Act or a regulation made under either of those Acts: (a) the system is missing; (b) any heater control is inoperative; (c) a heater has low air flow; (d) a heater fails to deliver heated air; (e) coolant is seeping from any part of the system in an amount that is great enough to form drops. 4.2(8) The standards of safety and repair of a school bus and parts of a school bus, and the inspection procedures and criteria for determining compliance with those standards, are (a) those applicable to buses in Part B (Periodic Commercial Motor Vehicle Inspections) of National Safety Code Standard 11 ; and (b) those in the latest edition of CSA Standard D250, School Buses , on the date the school bus was originally manufactured. In case of an inconsistency or conflict between the standards, the standards referenced in clause (b) prevail over the standards referenced in clause (a). 4.2(9) The following definitions apply in this section. "ambulance" mean an ambulance, as defined in section 1 of The Emergency Medical Response and Stretcher Transportation Act , that is operated to provide emergency medical response services as defined in that section. (« ambulance ») "stretcher transportation vehicle" means a stretcher transportation vehicle, as defined in section 1 of The Emergency Medical Response and Stretcher Transportation Act , that is operated to provide stretcher transportation services as defined in that section. (« véhicule transportant des personnes sur civière ») M.R. 108/2024 Incorporation by reference of NSC Standard 11 4.3(1) Except as provided in subsection (2), Part B (Periodic Commercial Motor Vehicle Inspections) of National Safety Code Standard 11 , as amended from time to time, is adopted and forms part of this regulation. 4.3(2) The following parts of Part B of National Safety Code Standard 11 are not adopted and do not form part of this regulation: (a) the heading "Goals of the Standard" and the paragraph that follows it; (b) the heading "Background" and the paragraphs that follow it; (c) the heading "Application" and the paragraphs that follow it; (d) the heading "General Requirements" and the paragraphs that follow it; (e) the heading "Inspection Cycles by Jurisdiction" and the table that follows it; (f) the heading "Procedures for Compliance" and the paragraphs that follow it; (g) the heading "Canada/U.S. Reciprocity Issues" and the paragraphs that follow it; (h) the heading "Enforcement" and the paragraphs that follow it; (i) the heading "Workplace Safety" and the paragraphs that follow it. Incorporation by reference of CSA Standard D250 4.4 For the purpose of subsection 4.2(8), CSA Standard D250, School Buses , as amended from time to time, is adopted and forms part of this regulation. To avoid doubt, this section applies to any edition of that standard that is applicable under that clause to a school bus in Manitoba. PART 5 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS AND PROHIBITIONS Overview 5.1 This Part sets out miscellaneous general equipment-related requirements and prohibitions in respect of vehicles operated on a highway. When lamps must be lighted 5.2(1) Daytime running lamps that are required equipment on a vehicle under this regulation must be lighted at all times while the vehicle is moving on a highway. 5.2(2) Headlamps and tail lamps that are required equipment on a vehicle under this regulation — other than agricultural equipment — must be lighted when the vehicle is moving on a highway during the nighttime and at any other time when there is not sufficient light that a person on the highway is clearly visible at a distance of 150 m. 5.2(3) Lamps that are required equipment on agricultural equipment under this regulation must be lighted when the agricultural equipment is moving on a highway during the nighttime and at any other time when there is not sufficient light that a person on the highway is clearly visible at a distance of 60 m. 5.2(4) Despite subsection (2), the headlamps on a motorcycle or moped manufactured on or after January 1, 1975 and the tail and number plate lamps required on a moped under this regulation must be lighted at all times when the motorcycle or moped is on a highway. 5.2(5) Subsection (4) does not apply to an enforcement officer if complying with it would inhibit the enforcement officer's performance (a) in responding to an emergency call or alarm; (b) in apprehending an actual or suspected law breaker; or (c) in attempting to detect illegal activity; and the enforcement officer is driving at a speed of no more than 20 km/h and with due regard for the safety of other persons using the highway. When lamps may be lighted 5.3(1) Subject to subsections (2) to (6) and Part 3, a lamp on a vehicle may be lit at any time. 5.3(2) A headlamp or driving lamp on a vehicle on a highway must not be on high beam if the vehicle is (a) less than 450 m in front of an oncoming vehicle; or (b) less than 60 m behind a vehicle travelling in the same direction, except when overtaking that vehicle. 5.3(3) A fog lamp on a vehicle on a highway must not be lighted while the vehicle's headlamps are on high beam. 5.3(4) The hazard warning lamps on a vehicle on a highway must not be operated except when (a) the vehicle is coming to a stop; (b) the vehicle is stationary; (c) the vehicle is travelling at a speed of less than 40 km/h and the use of the hazard warning lamps is necessary to safely operate the vehicle; or (d) the vehicle is participating in a funeral procession. 5.3(5) A cargo lamp on a vehicle on a highway must not be lighted while the vehicle is moving. 5.3(6) An under-vehicle lamp on a vehicle on a highway must not be lighted while the vehicle is moving. Trailer connections 5.4(1) A motor vehicle, self-propelled agricultural equipment or self-propelled infrastructure equipment must not be driven on a highway while towing any vehicle unless (a) the towed vehicle is connected to the towing vehicle by a drawbar; (b) the drawbar and its mode of attachment is of sufficient strength to draw or tow the towed vehicle and its load with a sufficient margin of safety to withstand the ordinary shocks and stresses occasioned by use on a highway; (c) the drawbar is designed and constructed so that the front of the towed vehicle, equipment or item is no more than 5 m from the rear of the towing vehicle, unless the towed vehicle is a trailer used for carrying poles, piling, contractor's equipment or road maintenance machinery; (d) the attachment for connecting the drawbar to the towing vehicle is securely affixed to the frame or chassis of the towing vehicle; (e) the coupling connecting the drawbar to the attachment for connecting the drawbar to the towing vehicle is secured so that it cannot become disconnected by jarring, vibration or dropping, or become disengaged in any manner other than deliberate manual effort or manipulation; (f) the drawbar and the attachment for connecting the drawbar to the towing vehicle are adequate to prevent the towed vehicle or other towed item from swaying or weaving on the highway; and (g) subject to subsection (3), in addition to the primary coupling connecting the drawbar to the attachment for connecting the drawbar to the towing vehicle, the towed vehicle or other towed item is secured to the towing vehicle by an additional chain or cable that (i) prevents complete disconnection of the towed vehicle or other towed item from the towing vehicle in the event of an accidental disconnection of the primary coupling mechanism, (ii) prevents the drawbar from dropping to the ground in the event that the primary coupling device becomes disconnected, (iii) is not connected to the ball, socket, eye, hook or any other fastener common to the primary coupling, and (iv) has a breaking strength of not less than the combined GVWR of all towed vehicles or other towed items attached to the towing vehicle, including any load carried on the towed vehicle or other towed item. 5.4(2) A motor vehicle, self-propelled agricultural equipment or self-propelled infrastructure equipment must not be driven on a highway while towing more than one vehicle unless each towed vehicle is attached to the vehicle immediately preceding it in the same manner as required under subsection (1). 5.4(3) Clause (1)⁠(g) does not apply to a towed vehicle that (a) is attached to the vehicle preceding it by way of a fifth-wheel coupler; and (b) is equipped with a breakaway device or emergency braking device. Name required on trucks 5.5 A truck with a registered gross weight of more than 6,800 kg must display the name of the truck's registered owner in a conspicuous place on the left and right side of the vehicle. Emergency placement of reflectorized devices 5.6(1) The driver of a truck with a GVWR of 4,500 kg or more, or a bus, that becomes disabled on a highway must place the three reflectorized devices required by sections 2.3 and 2.4, respectively, in accordance with subsection (2) if (a) the emergency lamps of the vehicle are not operational while the vehicle is disabled; and (b) the vehicle cannot be removed from the highway immediately. 5.6(2) Subject to subsection (3), if subsection (1) requires the placement of reflectorized devices, they must be placed as follows: (a) if the vehicle is located on a non-divided highway, one reflectorized device must be placed in each of the following positions: (i) 3 m in front of the vehicle, facing traffic approaching from the front of the vehicle, (ii) 30 m in front of the vehicle, facing traffic approaching from the front of the vehicle, (iii) 30 m behind the vehicle, facing traffic approaching from the rear of the vehicle; (b) if the vehicle is located on a divided highway, one reflectorized device must be placed in each of the following positions: (i) 3 m behind the vehicle, facing traffic approaching from the rear of the vehicle, (ii) 30 m behind the vehicle, facing traffic approaching from the rear of the vehicle, (iii) 60 m behind the vehicle, facing traffic approaching from the rear of the vehicle. 5.6(3) If the line of sight between traffic and the disabled vehicle is obstructed as a result of a hill, curve, building or other obstruction, the reflectorized device set out in subclause (a)⁠(ii) or b(iii), as the case may be, must be placed at a suitable distance between 30 and 150 m from the disabled vehicle in a manner that provides adequate warning to oncoming traffic. Brake fluid — prohibition and labelling 5.7(1) A person must not use or sell for use in a vehicle brake system brake fluid which does not meet or exceed the specifications set out in section 116 of the CMVSS. 5.7(2) A person must not sell for use in a vehicle brake system brake fluid unless it is in a container with a label affixed or notation thereon indicating that the container holds brake fluid which meets or exceeds the specifications set out in section 116 of the CMVSS. PART 6 OFFENCES AND COMING INTO FORCE Offences — equipment generally 6.1 A person is guilty of an offence who drives a vehicle on a highway (a) while the vehicle, or a vehicle or item towed by the vehicle, is equipped with anything prohibited from being equipped on the vehicle, or a vehicle or item towed by the vehicle, under this regulation except in relation to equipment referred to in clause 6.1.1(a); (b) while the vehicle, or a vehicle or item towed by the vehicle, is missing any equipment required under this regulation or the condition of any component of the vehicle, or a vehicle or item towed by the vehicle, is such that a rejection criterion exists in respect of the component except in relation to spray protection referred to in clause 6.1.1(b); (c) while operating any equipment which may be equipped on the vehicle, or a vehicle or item towed by the vehicle, in circumstances in which the operation of the equipment is prohibited under this regulation except in relation to equipment referred to in clause 6.1.1(c); (d) without ensuring that a lamp on the vehicle, or a vehicle or item towed by the vehicle, that is required to be lighted or operated under this regulation is lighted or operated; or (e) without ensuring that a towed vehicle or item is connected to the towing vehicle as required under section 5.4. M.R. 123/2025 Offences — specified equipment 6.1.1 A person is guilty of an offence who drives a vehicle on a highway while (a) the vehicle is equipped with (i) a lamp that is not permitted under clauses 3.2(1)⁠(a) to (d), (ii) window tinting that does not comply with section 3.22, or (iii) a straight exhaust or a prohibited type of muffler contrary to subsection 3.23(1); (b) the vehicle is missing any spray protection required by (i) item 18(b) of subsection 2.2(1) (light vehicles), (ii) item 19(b) of section 2.3 (trucks — GVWR of 4,500 kg or more), (iii) item 18(b) of section 2.4 (buses), (iv) item 9(a) of section 2.7 (trailers — GVWR of 4,500 kg or more — and trailer converter dollies), or (v) item 6 of subsection 2.8(1) (trailers — GVWR of less than 4,500 kg); (c) operating a lamp contrary to subsection 3.3(1); or (d) a device that bypasses or prevents the operation of the vehicle's muffler is operating or active contrary to subsection 3.23(2). M.R. 123/2025 Offence — tampering with odometer 6.2 A person is guilty of an offence who, other than for the purpose of repairing or replacing a defective odometer, (a) removes an odometer from a vehicle; or (b) tampers with or changes the mileage displayed by an odometer in a vehicle. Offence — name on truck 6.3 The owner and operator of a truck with a registered gross weight of more than 6,800 kg are guilty of an offence if they fail to ensure that the truck's registered owner is displayed on the truck as required under section 5.5. Offence — failure to place reflectorized devices 6.4 The driver and operator of a vehicle are guilty of an offence if they fail to place reflectorized devices when required do so under section 5.6, or in the manner required under that section. Repeal 6.5 The following regulations are repealed: (a) the Lighting and Marking of Agricultural Equipment on Highways Regulation , Manitoba Regulation 149/97; (b) the Studded Tires and Brake Fluids Regulation , Manitoba Regulation 220/88; (c) the Vehicle Safety Inspection Regulation , Manitoba Regulation 75/94; (d) the Window Tinting Regulation , Manitoba Regulation 99/93. Coming into force 6.6 This regulation comes into force on the same day that Schedule B of The Traffic and Transport Modernization Act , S.M. 2018, c. 10, comes into force. SCHEDULE Vehicle Inspection Handbook for Manitoba (Standards of Safety and Repair and Inspection Procedures for Light Vehicles and Motorcycles)