Workplace Safety and Insurance Act, 1997, S.O. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A

CONTENTS PART I INTERPRETATION 1. Purpose 2. Definitions 2.1 Human Rights Code 2.2 Medical assistance in dying PART III INSURANCE PLAN Insured Employment, Injuries and Diseases 11. Insured workers 12. Optional insurance 12.1 Meaning of “independent operator” in ss. 12.2, 12.3 and 182.1 12.2 Compulsory insurance — construction 12.3 Registration 13. Insured injuries 13.1 Transition rules re mental stress 14. Posttraumatic stress disorder, first responders and other workers 15. Occupational diseases 15.1 Presumptions re: firefighters, etc. 15.2 Claims based on presumptions 16. No waiver of entitlement 17. Serious and wilful misconduct 18. Employment outside Ontario 19. Accident outside Ontario 20. Obligation to elect, concurrent entitlement outside Ontario Notice of Accident and Claim for Benefits 21. Notice by employer of accident 22. Claim for benefits 22.1 Prohibition, claim suppression 22.2 Prohibition, false or misleading statement 23. Continuing obligation to provide information Wages and Employment Benefits 24. Wages for day of accident 25. Employment benefits Rights of Action 26. No action for benefits 27. Application of certain sections 28. Certain rights of action extinguished 29. Liability where negligence, fault 30. Election, concurrent entitlements 31. Decisions re rights of action and liability PART IV HEALTH CARE 32. Definition 33. Entitlement to health care 34. Duty to co-operate 35. Board request for health examination 36. Employer request for health examination 37. Reports 38. Transportation to hospital, etc. 39. Repair to assistive devices PART V RETURN TO WORK 40. Duty to co-operate in return to work 41. Obligation to re-employ 42. Labour market re-entry PART VI INSURED PAYMENTS Compensation 43. Payments for loss of earnings 44. Review re loss of earnings 45. Payments for loss of retirement income 46. Compensation for non-economic loss 47. Degree of permanent impairment 48. Death benefits 48.1 Average earnings — death benefits Annual Adjustments 49. Indexing factor 51. Indexation of amounts in the Act 52. Annual adjustment of amounts payable 52.0.1 Additional indexing factor 52.1 Increases prospective 52.2 Transition Ancillary Matters 53. Average earnings 54. Maximum amount of average earnings 55. Net average earnings Administration 56. Effect of payment, etc., from employer 57. Worker’s access to records 58. Employer’s access to records 59. Employer’s access to health records 60. Payments to incapable persons 61. Payments owing to deceased workers 62. Frequency of payments 63. Agreements re payments 64. Benefits not assignable, etc. 65. Deduction for support or maintenance 66. Suspension of payments PART VII EMPLOYERS AND THEIR OBLIGATIONS Participating Employers 67. Participating employers 68. “Trade” of municipal corporations, etc. 69. Training agencies and trainees 70. Deemed employer, certain volunteer or auxiliary workers 71. Deemed employer, emergency workers 72. Deemed employer, seconded worker 73. Deemed status, illegal employment of minor 74. Declaration of deemed status Registration and Information Requirements 75. Registration 76. Notice of change of status 77. Material change in circumstances 78. Annual statements 79. Certification requirement 80. Record-keeping Calculating Payments by Employers 81. Premiums, all Schedule 1 employers 81.1 Partners and executive officers 82. Adjustments in premiums for particular employers 83. Experience and merit rating programs 84. Transfer of costs 85. Payments by Schedule 2 employers 86. Penalty, failure to co-operate 87. Notice to employers Payment Obligations of Schedule 1 Employers 88. Payment of premiums 88.1 Exception, 2021 calendar year 89. Default in paying premiums Payment Obligations of Schedule 2 Employers 90. Payment of benefits 91. Payments re expenses of the Board 92. Deposit by Schedule 2 employers 93. Direction to insure workers Obligations in Special Circumstances 94. Schedule 2 employers, occupational disease 95. Increases in benefits No Contributions from Workers 95.1 No contributions from workers PART VIII INSURANCE FUND 96. Insurance fund 96.2 Insufficiency of fund after prescribed date 96.3 Transition 97. Reserve funds 97.1 Distribution of surplus 97.2 No right of reconsideration or appeal 97.3 Distribution of surplus, Schedule 2 municipal employers 97.4 Immunity 98. Special reserve fund 99. Deficiency in premiums 100. Regulations PART IX TRANSITIONAL RULES Interpretation 101. Definitions Pre-1998 Injuries 102. Continued application of pre-1997 Act 103. Maximum medical rehabilitation 103.1 Definition of “spouse” 104. Death benefits 105. Temporary partial disability 106. Non-economic loss where permanent impairment 107. Compensation for future loss of earnings 107.1 Indexation of compensation for future loss of earnings 108. Vocational rehabilitation 109. Restoring rights 110. Permanent partial disability supplements 111. Indexation of compensation payable on or after January 1, 2018 111.1 Transition, indexation of compensation payable before January 1, 2018 112. Jurisdiction of Appeals Tribunal PART X UNINSURED EMPLOYMENT 113. Application 114. Employer’s liability 115. Liability of owner, etc. 116. Voluntary assumption of risk 117. Insurance proceeds PART XI DECISIONS AND APPEALS Decisions by the Board 118. Jurisdiction 119. Board: miscellaneous rules 120. Objection to Board decision 121. Power to reconsider 122. Mediation Appeals Tribunal 123. Jurisdiction 124. Appeals Tribunal: miscellaneous rules 125. Appeal 126. Board policies 127. Time limit for decisions 128. Periodic payments pending decision 129. Power to reconsider 130. Mediation Procedural and Other Powers 131. Practice and procedure 132. Certain powers 133. Payment of expenses of witnesses, etc. 134. Health professionals PART XII ENFORCEMENT Powers of Examination and Investigation 135. Examination and inspection 136. Application of Public Inquiries Act, 2009 Enforcement of Payment Obligations 137. Security for payment 138. Set-off and other remedies 139. Enforcement by the courts 140. Enforcement through municipal tax rolls 141. Contractors and subcontractors, except in construction 141.1 Contractors and subcontractors in construction 141.2 Construction work, obligations respecting certificates 142. Lienholder under Construction Act 143. Licensee, Crown Forest Sustainability Act, 1994 144. Preference upon certain distributions 145. Lien upon property 146. Obligations of successor employers 147. Overpayments 148. Enforcement policies Offences and Penalties 149. Offences 150. Offence, confidential information 151. Offences, ss. 75, 76 151.1 Offence, s. 12.3 (1) to (3) 151.2 Offences, s. 141.2 152. Offences, ss. 21, 78, 80 152.1 Offence, failure to pay premiums 153. Offence, obstruction 154. Offence, security for payment 155. Offence, deduction from wages 155.1 Offence, claim suppression 156. Offence, regulations 157. Offence by director, officer 157.1 Restriction on prosecution 158. Penalty PART XIII ADMINISTRATION OF THE ACT Workplace Safety and Insurance Board 159. Board: continued, powers, etc. 160. Agreement re duplication of premiums 161. Duties of the Board 162. Board of directors 162.1 Advisory committee re appointments 162.2 Recommendations by committee 162.3 Recommendation re revocation of appointment 163. Duties of the board of directors 164. Delegation 165. Offices of the Board 166. Memorandum of understanding 167. Information 168. Value for money audit 169. Audit of accounts 170. Annual report 170.1 Tabling of annual report 171. Employee’s pension plan 172. Mines 172.1 Payments to construction workers Workplace Safety and Insurance Appeals Tribunal 173. Appeals Tribunal 173.1 Tribunal may contract 174. Hearing of appeals 175. Continuing authority Offices of the Worker and Employer Advisers 176. Offices of the Worker and Employer Advisers Fair Practices Commissioner 176.1 Appointment of Fair Practices Commissioner General 177. Committee of employers 178. French language services 179. Immunity 180. Rules re witnesses and documents 181. Prohibition re disclosing information 182. Evidence of decisions 182.1 Voluntary pre-registration 182.2 Deemed registration 183. Regulations 184. Regulations, additional indexing factor PART I INTERPRETATION Purpose 1 The purpose of this Act is to accomplish the following in a financially responsible and accountable manner: 1. To promote health and safety in workplaces. 2. To facilitate the return to work and recovery of workers who sustain personal injury arising out of and in the course of employment or who suffer from an occupational disease. 3. To facilitate the re-entry into the labour market of workers and spouses of deceased workers. 4. To provide compensation and other benefits to workers and to the survivors of deceased workers. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 1; 1999, c. 6, s. 67 (1); 2005, c. 5, s. 73 (1); 2011, c. 11, s. 19. Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 1999, c. 6, s. 67 (1) - 01/03/2000 2005, c. 5, s. 73 (1) - 09/03/2005 2011, c. 11, s. 19 - 01/04/2012 Definitions 2 (1) In this Act, “accident” includes, (a) a wilful and intentional act, not being the act of the worker, (b) a chance event occasioned by a physical or natural cause, and (c) disablement arising out of and in the course of employment; (“accident”) “Appeals Tribunal” means the Workplace Safety and Insurance Appeals Tribunal; (“Tribunal d’appel”) “attorney” means a person authorized under a power of attorney for property given under the Substitute Decisions Act, 1992; (“procureur”) “Board” means the Workplace Safety and Insurance Board; (“Commission”) “child” means a child within the meaning of subsection 1 (1) of the Family Law Act; (“enfant”) “construction” means any of the industries listed in Class G of Schedule 1; (“construction”) “dependants” means such of the following persons as were wholly or partly dependent upon the worker’s earnings at the time of his or her death or who, but for the incapacity due to the accident, would have been so dependent: 1. Parent, stepparent or person who stood in the role of parent to the worker. 2. Sibling or half-sibling. 3. Grandparent. 4. Grandchild; (“personnes à charge”) “earnings” or “wages” include any remuneration capable of being estimated in terms of money but does not include contributions made under section 25 for employment benefits; (“gains” ou “salaire”) “emergency worker” means a person described in paragraph 6, 7 or 8 of the definition of worker who is injured while engaged in the activity described in that paragraph; (“travailleur dans une situation d’urgence”) “employer” means every person having in his, her or its service under a contract of service or apprenticeship another person engaged in work in or about an industry and includes, (a) a trustee, receiver, liquidator, executor or administrator who carries on an industry, (b) a person who authorizes or permits a learner to be in or about an industry for the purpose of undergoing training or probationary work, or (c) a deemed employer; (“employeur”) “guardian”, except in subsections 30 (7) and 60 (4), means a guardian of property appointed under the Substitute Decisions Act, 1992 or a statutory guardian of property designated by or appointed under that Act; (“tuteur”) “health care practitioner” means a health professional or a social worker; (“praticien de la santé”) “health professional” means a member of the College of a health profession as defined in the Regulated Health Professions Act, 1991; (“professionnel de la santé”) “impairment” means a physical or functional abnormality or loss (including disfigurement) which results from an injury and any psychological damage arising from the abnormality or loss; (“déficience”) “independent operator”, subject to section 12.1, means a person who carries on an industry included in Schedule 1 or Schedule 2 and who does not employ any workers for that purpose; (“exploitant indépendant”) “industry” includes an establishment, undertaking, trade, business or service and, if domestics are employed, includes a household; (“secteur d’activité”) “insurance fund” means the fund described in section 96; (“caisse d’assurance”) “insurance plan” means the benefits and obligations set out in Parts III to IX; (“régime d’assurance”) “learner” means a person who, although not under a contract of service or apprenticeship, becomes subject to the hazards of an industry for the purpose of undergoing training or probationary work; (“stagiaire”) “medical assistance in dying” means medical assistance in dying within the meaning of section 241.1 of the Criminal Code (Canada); (“aide médicale à mourir”) “Minister” means the Minister of Labour; (“ministre”) “occupational disease” includes, (a) a disease resulting from exposure to a substance relating to a particular process, trade or occupation in an industry, (b) a disease peculiar to or characteristic of a particular industrial process, trade or occupation, (c) a medical condition that in the opinion of the Board requires a worker to be removed either temporarily or permanently from exposure to a substance because the condition may be a precursor to an occupational disease, (d) a disease mentioned in Schedule 3 or 4, or (e) a disease prescribed under clause 15.1 (8) (d); (“maladie professionnelle”) “permanent impairment” means impairment that continues to exist after the worker reaches maximum medical recovery; (“déficience permanente”) “personal representative” means a personal representative as defined in subsection 1 (1) of the Succession Law Reform Act; (“représentant successoral”) “prescribed” means prescribed by the regulations made under this Act; (“prescrit”) “Schedule 1 employer” means an employer in a class or group of industries included in Schedule 1 but does not include an employer who is a Schedule 2 employer (other than a Schedule 2 employer declared by the Board under section 74 to be deemed to be a Schedule 1 employer); (“employeur mentionné à l’annexe 1”) “Schedule 2 employer” means an employer in a class of industries included in Schedule 2; (“employeur mentionné à l’annexe 2”) “silicosis” means a fibrotic condition of the lungs caused by the inhalation of silica dust that is sufficient to produce a lessened capacity for work; (“silicose”) “spouse” means a person, (a) to whom the person is married, or (b) with whom the person is living in a conjugal relationship outside marriage, if the two persons, (i) have cohabited for at least one year, (ii) are together the parents of a child, or (iii) have together entered into a cohabitation agreement under section 53 of the Family Law Act; (“conjoint”) “student” means a person who is pursuing formal education as a full-time or part-time student and is employed by an employer for the purposes of the employer’s industry, although not as a learner or an apprentice; (“étudiant”) “survivor” means a spouse, child or dependant of a deceased worker; (“survivant”) “temporary help agency” means an employer referred to in section 72 who primarily engages in the business of lending or hiring out the services of its workers to other employers on a temporary basis for a fee; (“agence de placement temporaire”) “worker” means a person who has entered into or is employed under a contract of service or apprenticeship and includes the following: 1. A learner. 2. A student. 3. An auxiliary member of a police service. 4. A member of a volunteer ambulance brigade. 5. A member of a municipal volunteer fire brigade whose membership has been approved by the chief of the fire department or by a person authorized to do so by the entity responsible for the brigade. 6. A person summoned to assist in controlling or extinguishing a fire by an authority empowered to do so. 7. A person who assists in a search and rescue operation at the request of and under the direction of a member of the Ontario Provincial Police. 8. A person who assists in connection with an emergency that has been declared by the Lieutenant Governor in Council or the Premier under section 7.0.1 of the Emergency Management and Civil Protection Act or by the head of council of a municipality under section 4 of that Act. 9. A person deemed to be a worker of an employer by a direction or order of the Board. 10. A person deemed to be a worker under section 12 or 12.2. 11. A pupil deemed to be a worker under the Education Act. (“travailleur”) 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 2 (1); 1999, c. 6, s. 67 (2-4); 2002, c. 18, Sched. J, s. 5 (1); 2005, c. 5, s. 73 (2-4); 2006, c. 13, s. 4 (1); 2007, c. 3, s. 1; 2008, c. 20, s. 1; 2014, c. 10, Sched. 5, s. 1; 2017, c. 7, s. 6 (1); 2019, c. 1, Sched. 4, s. 66 (1); 2021, c. 4, Sched. 11, s. 42 (1); 2023, c. 2, Sched. 9, s. 1. Schedules (2) A reference in this Act to Schedule 1, 2, 3 or 4 means the schedules as established in the regulations made under this Act. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 2 (2). Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 1999, c. 6, s. 67 (2-4) - 01/03/2000 2002, c. 18, Sched. J, s. 5 (1) - 26/11/2002 2005, c. 5, s. 73 (2-4) - 09/03/2005 2006, c. 13, s. 4 (1) - 30/06/2006 2007, c. 3, s. 1 - 04/05/2007 2008, c. 20, s. 1 (1-3) - 01/01/2013 2014, c. 10, Sched. 5, s. 1 - 06/04/2018 2017, c. 7, s. 6 (1) - 10/05/2017 2018, c. 3, Sched. 5, s. 68 (1) - no effect - see 2019, c. 1, Sched. 3, s. 5 - 26/03/2019 2019, c. 1, Sched. 4, s. 66 (1) - 01/04/2024 2021, c. 4, Sched. 11, s. 42 (1) - 19/04/2021 2023, c. 2, Sched. 9, s. 1 - 22/03/2023 Human Rights Code 2.1 (1) A provision of this Act or the regulations under it, or a decision or policy made under this Act or the regulations under it, that requires or authorizes a distinction because of age applies despite sections 1 and 5 of the Human Rights Code. 2005, c. 29, s. 7. Same (2) Subsection (1) applies with necessary modifications to any predecessor to this Act or the regulations under it, or any decision or policy made under such an Act or regulation. 2005, c. 29, s. 7. Same (3) Subsections (1) and (2) apply even if the facts in respect of which the requirement or distinction is made occurred before the day on which this section comes into force. 2005, c. 29, s. 7. Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2005, c. 29, s. 7 - 12/12/2005 Medical assistance in dying 2.2 For the purposes of this Act, a worker who receives medical assistance in dying is deemed to have died as a result of the injury or disease for which the worker was determined to be eligible to receive medical assistance in dying in accordance with paragraph 241.2 (3) (a) of the Criminal Code (Canada). 2017, c. 7, s. 6 (2). Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2017, c. 7, s. 6 (2) - 10/05/2017 Part II (ss. 3-10) Repealed: 2011, c. 11, s. 20. 3 Repealed: 2011, c. 11, s. 20. Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2011, c. 11, s. 20 - 01/04/2012 4 Repealed: 2011, c. 11, s. 20. Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2008, c. 20, s. 2 - no effect - see 2011, c. 11, s. 20 - 01/04/2012 2010, c. 16, Sched. 9, s. 2 - 25/10/2010 2011, c. 11, s. 20 - 01/04/2012 5-7 Repealed: 2011, c. 11, s. 20. Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2011, c. 11, s. 20 - 01/04/2012 8 Repealed: 2011, c. 11, s. 20. Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2010, c. 15, s. 248 (1) - no effect - see 2011, c. 11, s. 20 - 01/04/2012 2011, c. 11, s. 20 - 01/04/2012 9 Repealed: 2011, c. 11, s. 20. Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2011, c. 11, s. 20 - 01/04/2012 10 Repealed: 2011, c. 11, s. 20. Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 10 (2) - no effect - see 2011, c. 11, s. 20 - 01/04/2012 2011, c. 11, s. 20 - 01/04/2012 PART III INSURANCE PLAN Insured Employment, Injuries and Diseases Insured workers 11 (1) The insurance plan applies to every worker who is employed by a Schedule 1 employer or a Schedule 2 employer However, it does not apply to workers who are, (a) persons whose employment by an employer is of a casual nature and who are employed otherwise than for the purposes of the employer’s industry; or (b) persons to whom articles or materials are given out to be made up, cleaned, washed, altered, ornamented, finished, repaired or adapted for sale in the person’s own home or on other premises not under the control or management of the person who gave out the articles or materials. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 11 (1). Exception (2) Subject to sections 12 and 12.2, the insurance plan does not apply to workers who are executive officers of a corporation. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 11 (2); 2008, c. 20, s. 3. Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2008, c. 20, s. 3 - 01/01/2013 Optional insurance Deemed workers 12 (1) Any of the following persons may apply to the Board for a declaration that he or she is deemed to be a worker to whom the insurance plan applies: 1. An independent operator who carries on business in an industry included in Schedule 1 or Schedule 2, other than construction. 2. A sole proprietor who carries on business in an industry included in Schedule 1 or Schedule 2, other than construction. 3. A partner in a partnership that carries on business in an industry included in Schedule 1 or Schedule 2, other than construction. 2008, c. 20, s. 4. Exception, construction (2) Despite paragraph 3 of subsection (1), a partner in a partnership that carries on business in construction may make an application under subsection (1) for a declaration that he or she is deemed to be a worker to whom the insurance plan applies for any period of time during which the partner is not deemed to be a worker under subsection 12.2 (1). 2008, c. 20, s. 4. Deemed worker, executive officer (3) A corporation that carries on business in an industry included in Schedule 1 or Schedule 2, other than construction, may apply to the Board for a declaration that an executive officer of the corporation is deemed to be a worker to whom the insurance plan applies. 2008, c. 20, s. 4. Exception, executive officers re construction (4) Despite subsection (3), a corporation that carries on business in construction may apply to the Board for a declaration that an executive officer of the corporation is deemed to be a worker to whom the insurance plan applies for any period of time during which the executive officer is not deemed to be a worker under subsection 12.2 (1). 2008, c. 20, s. 4. Executive officer’s consent (5) An application under subsection (3) may be made only with the executive officer’s consent. 2008, c. 20, s. 4. Conditions (6) The Board may make a declaration under subsection (1) or (3) subject to such conditions as it considers appropriate. The declaration may provide that the person is deemed to be a worker only for such period as is specified. 2008, c. 20, s. 4. Deemed employer (7) When the Board makes a declaration under subsection (1) or (3), the independent operator, sole proprietor, partnership or corporation, as the case may be, is deemed to be the employer for the purposes of the insurance plan. 2008, c. 20, s. 4. Payment in advance (8) The Board may require the employer to pay in advance all or part of any premiums payable in respect of the person. 2008, c. 20, s. 4. Revocation (9) The Board may revoke a declaration made under subsection (1) or (3) if the employer defaults at any time in paying the required premiums in respect of the person. 2008, c. 20, s. 4. Set-off (10) If the employer defaults in paying the required premiums in respect of the person and the person or his or her survivors are entitled to receive payments under the insurance plan, the Board may deduct from those payments the amount owed by the employer. 2008, c. 20, s. 4. Exempt home renovation work (11) Despite anything else in this section, subsections (1) to (10) apply, with necessary modifications, in respect of, (a) independent operators and sole proprietors described in clause 12.2 (8) (a); and (b) partners and executive officers described in clause 12.2 (8) (b). 2008, c. 20, s. 4. Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2008, c. 20, s. 4 - 01/01/2013 Meaning of “independent operator” in ss. 12.2, 12.3 and 182.1 12.1 In sections 12.2, 12.3 and 182.1, “independent operator” means, (a) an individual who, (i) does not employ any workers, (ii) reports himself or herself as self-employed for the purposes of an Act or regulation of Ontario, Canada or another province or territory of Canada, and (iii) is retained as a contractor or subcontractor by more than one person during the time period set out in a Board policy, or (b) an individual who is an executive officer of a corporation that, (i) does not employ any workers other than the individual, and (ii) is retained as a contractor or subcontractor by more than one person during the time period set out in a Board policy. 2008, c. 20, s. 4; 2011, c. 1, Sched. 7, s. 3 (1, 2). Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2008, c. 20, s. 4 - 01/01/2013 2011, c. 1, Sched. 7, s. 3 (1, 2) - 01/01/2013 Compulsory insurance — construction Deemed workers 12.2 (1) The following persons are deemed to be workers to whom the insurance plan applies: 1. Every independent operator carrying on business in construction. 2. Every sole proprietor carrying on business in construction. 3. Except as otherwise provided by the regulations, every partner in a partnership carrying on business in construction. 4. Except as otherwise provided by the regulations, every executive officer of a corporation carrying on business in construction. 2008, c. 20, s. 4. Deemed employer (2) When a person is deemed to be a worker under subsection (1), the independent operator, sole proprietor, partnership or corporation, as the case may be, is deemed to be the employer for the purposes of the insurance plan. 2008, c. 20, s. 4. Payment in advance (3) The Board may require the employer to pay in advance all or part of any premiums payable in respect of the person. 2008, c. 20, s. 4. Set-off (4) If the employer defaults in paying the required premiums in respect of the person and the person or his or her survivors are entitled to receive payments under the insurance plan, the Board may deduct from those payments the amount owed by the employer. 2008, c. 20, s. 4. Regulations, partners and executive officers (5) The Lieutenant Governor in Council may make regulations, (a) exempting a partner or executive officer from the application of subsections (1) to (4); (b) prescribing the conditions that must be satisfied by the partner, partnership, executive officer or corporation, as the case may be, for the exemption to apply. 2008, c. 20, s. 4. Same (6) A regulation made under subsection (5) may prescribe conditions relating to, but not limited to, (a) the minimum number of executive officers of the corporation; (b) the nature of the work performed by a partner or executive officer; (c) the size of the partnership or corporation and the manner of determining the size of each; (d) the number or the manner of determining the number of partners of a partnership or executive officers of a corporation that are exempt. 2008, c. 20, s. 4. Same (7) A regulation made under subsection (5) may, (a) prescribe different conditions relating to partners and executive officers and to partnerships and corporations; (b) prescribe such requirements as may be necessary to enable the Board to administer the regulation and to determine if, at any particular time, a partner or executive officer is exempt from the application of subsections (1) to (4). 2008, c. 20, s. 4. Exempt home renovation work (8) Subsections (1) to (4) do not apply in respect of, (a) independent operators and sole proprietors who perform no construction work other than exempt home renovation work; and (b) partners in partnerships and executive officers of corporations who perform no construction work other than exempt home renovation work. 2008, c. 20, s. 4. Material change in circumstances (9) A person in respect of whom the exemption set out in subsection (8) applies shall notify the Board of any material change in circumstances in connection with the exemption, within 10 days after the material change occurs. 2008, c. 20, s. 4. Definitions (10) In this section, “exempt home renovation work” means construction work that is performed, (a) by an independent operator, a sole proprietor, a partner in a partnership or an executive officer of a corporation, and (b) on an existing private residence that is occupied or to be occupied by the person who directly retains the independent operator, sole proprietor, partnership or corporation, or by a member of the person’s family; (“travaux de rénovation domiciliaire exemptés”) “member of the person’s family” means, (a) the person’s spouse, (b) the person’s child or grandchild, (c) the person’s parent, grandparent, father-in-law or mother-in-law, (d) the person’s sibling, or (e) anyone whose relationship to the person is a “step” relationship corresponding to one mentioned in clause (b), (c) or (d); (“membre de sa famille”) “private residence” includes, (a) a private residence that is used seasonally or for recreational purposes, and (b) structures that are, (i) normally incidental or subordinate to the private residence, (ii) situated on the same site, and (iii) used exclusively for non-commercial purposes. (“résidence privée”) 2008, c. 20, s. 4; 2021, c. 4, Sched. 11, s. 42 (2). Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2008, c. 20, s. 4 - 01/01/2013 2021, c. 4, Sched. 11, s. 42 (2) - 19/04/2021 Registration 12.3 (1) Every independent operator carrying on business in construction shall register with the Board within 10 days after becoming such an independent operator. 2008, c. 20, s. 4. Same (2) Every sole proprietor who carries on business in construction and does not employ any workers shall register with the Board within 10 days after becoming such a sole proprietor. 2008, c. 20, s. 4. Same (3) Every partner in a partnership that carries on business in construction and does not employ any workers shall register with the Board within 10 days after becoming such a partner unless the partner is not subject to subsections 12.2 (1) to (4). 2008, c. 20, s. 4. Information (4) A person who registers with the Board under this section shall, when registering and at such other times as the Board may require, make and file with the Board a declaration containing such information as the Board may require to administer section 12.2. 2008, c. 20, s. 4. Exempt home renovation work (5) Subsections (1) to (4) do not apply in respect of, (a) independent operators and sole proprietors described in clause 12.2 (8) (a); and (b) partners described in clause 12.2 (8) (b). 2008, c. 20, s. 4; 2011, c. 1, Sched. 7, s. 3 (3). Material change in circumstances (6) A person who registers with the Board under this section shall notify the Board of any material change in circumstances in connection with information given to the Board under subsection (4), within 10 days after the material change occurs. 2008, c. 20, s. 4. Same, exemption (7) A person in respect of whom the exemption set out in subsection (5) applies shall notify the Board of any material change in circumstances in connection with the exemption, within 10 days after the material change occurs. 2008, c. 20, s. 4. Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2008, c. 20, s. 4 - 01/01/2013 2011, c. 1, Sched. 7, s. 3 (3) - 01/01/2013 Insured injuries 13 (1) A worker who sustains a personal injury by accident arising out of and in the course of his or her employment is entitled to benefits under the insurance plan. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 13 (1). Presumptions (2) If the accident arises out of the worker’s employment, it is presumed to have occurred in the course of the employment unless the contrary is shown. If it occurs in the course of the worker’s employment, it is presumed to have arisen out of the employment unless the contrary is shown. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 13 (2). Exception, employment outside Ontario (3) Except as provided in sections 18 to 20, the worker is not entitled to benefits under the insurance plan if the accident occurs while the worker is employed outside of Ontario. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 13 (3). Mental stress (4) Subject to subsection (5), a worker is entitled to benefits under the insurance plan for chronic or traumatic mental stress arising out of and in the course of the worker’s employment. 2017, c. 8, Sched. 33, s. 1. Personal injury (4.1) The worker is entitled to benefits under the insurance plan as if the mental stress were a personal injury by accident. 2017, c. 34, Sched. 45, s. 1. Same, exception (5) A worker is not entitled to benefits for mental stress caused by decisions or actions of the worker’s employer relating to the worker’s employment, including a decision to change the work to be performed or the working conditions, to discipline the worker or to terminate the employment. 2017, c. 8, Sched. 33, s. 1. Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2016, c. 4, s. 1 - 06/04/2016 2017, c. 8, Sched. 33, s. 1 - 01/01/2018; 2017, c. 34, Sched. 45, s. 1 - 01/01/2018 Transition rules re mental stress 13.1 (1) The rules set out in subsections (2) to (9) apply for the purposes of determining entitlement to benefits under subsection 13 (4). 2017, c. 34, Sched. 45, s. 2. New claim (2) If a worker’s mental stress occurs on or after April 29, 2014 and the worker has not filed a claim in respect of entitlement to benefits for mental stress before January 1, 2018, the worker or the worker’s survivor may file a claim for entitlement to benefits for mental stress with the Board and the Board shall decide the claim in accordance with subsection 13 (4) as it reads at the time the Board makes its decision. 2017, c. 34, Sched. 45, s. 2. No refiling of claims (3) Subject to subsection (9), if a worker filed a claim for entitlement to benefits for mental stress and the claim was denied by the Board or by the Appeals Tribunal before January 1, 2018, the worker may not refile the claim under this section. 2017, c. 34, Sched. 45, s. 2. Time limits (4) The time limits in subsections 22 (1) and (2) do not apply in respect of a claim that is filed under subsection (2) that is made in respect of mental stress that occurred on or after April 29, 2014 and before January 1, 2018. 2017, c. 34, Sched. 45, s. 2. Same (5) A claim filed under subsection (2) that is made in respect of mental stress that occurred on or after April 29, 2014 and before January 1, 2018 must be filed on or before July 1, 2018. 2017, c. 34, Sched. 45, s. 2. Pending claim (6) If a worker or a survivor has filed a claim for entitlement for mental stress within the time limits set out in subsection 22 (1) or 22 (2), or pursuant to an extension of time granted by the Board under subsection 22 (3), and the claim is pending before the Board on January 1, 2018, the Board shall decide the claim in accordance with subsection 13 (4) as it reads at the time the Board makes its decision, regardless of the date on which the worker’s mental stress occurred. 2017, c. 34, Sched. 45, s. 2. Same (7) For the purposes of subsection (6), a claim is pending on January 1, 2018 if, (a) the Board had not yet made a decision in respect of the claim by that day; or (b) the Board had not yet made a final decision in respect of the claim by that day. 2017, c. 34, Sched. 45, s. 2. Pending appeal (8) If a worker or a survivor has filed a claim with the Board for entitlement to benefits for mental stress within the time limits set out in subsection 22 (1) or 22 (2), or pursuant to an extension of time granted by the Board under subsection 22 (3), and the claim is pending before the Appeals Tribunal on January 1, 2018, the Appeals Tribunal shall refer the claim back to the Board and the Board shall decide the claim in accordance with subsection 13 (4) as it reads at the time the Board makes its decision, regardless of the date on which the worker’s mental stress occurred. 2017, c. 34, Sched. 45, s. 2. Other appeal (9) If, on or after January 1, 2018 and within the time limit set out in subsection 125 (2), a worker or a survivor files a notice of appeal of a final decision of the Board made before January 1, 2018 regarding a claim for entitlement to benefits for mental stress with the Appeals Tribunal, the Appeals Tribunal shall refer the claim back to the Board and the Board shall decide the claim in accordance with subsection 13 (4) as it reads at the time the Board makes its decision, regardless of the date on which the worker’s mental stress occurred. 2017, c. 34, Sched. 45, s. 2. Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2017, c. 34, Sched. 45, s. 2 - 01/01/2018 Posttraumatic stress disorder, first responders and other workers Definitions 14 (1) In this section, “ambulance service” has the same meaning as in subsection 1 (1) of the Ambulance Act; (“service d’ambulance”) “ambulance service manager” means a worker employed in an ambulance service who manages or supervises one or more paramedics and whose duties include providing direct support to paramedics dispatched by a communications officer on a request for ambulance services; (“chef de service d’ambulance”) “band council” means a council of the band as defined in subsection 2 (1) of the Indian Act (Canada); (“conseil de bande”) “communications officer” means a communications officer for the purposes of the Ambulance Act; (“agent de répartition”) “correctional institution” means a correctional institution as defined in section 1 of the Ministry of Correctional Services Act or a similar institution operated for the custody of inmates; (“établissement correctionnel”) Note: On a day to be named by proclamation of the Lieutenant Governor, the definition of “correctional institution” in subsection 14 (1) of the Act is amended by striking out “section 1 of the Ministry of Correctional Services Act” and substituting “section 2 of the Correctional Services and Reintegration Act, 2018”. (See: 2018, c. 6, Sched. 3, s. 16) “correctional services officer” means a worker who is directly involved in the care, health, discipline, safety and custody of an inmate confined to a correctional institution, but does not include a bailiff, probation officer or parole officer; (“agent des services correctionnels”) “emergency medical attendant” has the same meaning as in subsection 1 (1) of the Ambulance Act; (“ambulancier”) “firefighter” means, (a) a firefighter as defined in subsection 1 (1) of the Fire Protection and Prevention Act, 1997, or (b) a worker who, (i) is employed by a band council and assigned to undertake fire protection services on a reserve, or (ii) provides fire protection services on a reserve, either as a volunteer or for a nominal consideration, honorarium, training or activity allowance; (“pompier”) “fire investigator” means, (a) a worker to whom the Fire Marshal appointed under subsection 8 (1) of the Fire Protection and Prevention Act, 1997 has delegated the duty to investigate the cause, origin and circumstances of a fire, (b) a worker who was an inspector appointed under subsection 2 (4) of the Fire Marshals Act before that Act was repealed by the Fire Protection and Prevention Act, 1997, or (c) a worker who is employed by a band council and assigned to investigate the cause, origin and circumstances of a fire on a reserve; (“enquêteur sur les incendies”) “full-time firefighter” means a worker who is a firefighter, is regularly employed on a salaried basis and is scheduled to work an average of 35 hours or more per week; (“pompier à temps plein”) “member of an emergency response team” means a person who provides first aid or medical assistance in an emergency, either as a volunteer or for a nominal consideration, honorarium or training or activity allowance, and who is dispatched by a communications officer to provide the assistance, but does not include an emergency medical attendant, a firefighter, a paramedic or a police officer; (“membre d’une équipe d’intervention d’urgence”) “operational manager” means a worker who directly supervises one or more correctional services officers; (“chef des opérations”) “paramedic” has the same meaning as in subsection 1 (1) of the Ambulance Act; (“auxiliaire médical”) “part-time firefighter” means a worker who is a firefighter and is not a volunteer firefighter or full-time firefighter; (“pompier à temps partiel”) “place of secure custody” has the same meaning as in subsection 2 (1) of the Child, Youth and Family Services Act, 2017; (“lieu de garde en milieu fermé”) “place of secure temporary detention” has the same meaning as in subsection 2 (1) of the Child, Youth and Family Services Act, 2017; (“lieu de détention provisoire en milieu fermé”) “police officer” means a chief of police, any other police officer or a First Nation Officer, but does not include a person who is appointed as a police officer under the Interprovincial Policing Act, 2009, a special constable, a municipal law enforcement officer or an auxiliary member of a police service; (“agent de police”) “posttraumatic stress disorder” means, subject to subsection (19), posttraumatic stress disorder, as described in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5), published by the American Psychiatric Association; (“état de stress post-traumatique”) “psychiatrist” has the same meaning as in subsection 1 (1) of the Mental Health Act; (“psychiatre”) “psychologist” means a member of the College of Psychologists of Ontario who holds a certificate of registration for a psychologist authorizing autonomous practice, or an individual who has a similar status in another province or territory of Canada; (“psychologue”) “reserve” means a reserve as defined in subsection 2 (1) of the Indian Act (Canada); (“réserve”) “wildland firefighter” means a person who provides one or more of the following fire protection services for or on behalf of the Ministry of Natural Resources, either as an employee of the Ministry or pursuant to the person’s employer’s contract for services with the Ministry: 1. Fire suppression. 2. Fire prevention, fire mitigation or fire safety activities. 3. Rescue and emergency services, including evacuation services. 4. Piloting of aircraft for the purposes of providing the services described in paragraphs 1 to 3. 5. Communication in respect of anything described in paragraphs 1 to 4. 6. Training or evaluation of persons involved in providing anything described in paragraphs 1 to 5; (“pompier luttant contre les incendies de végétation”) “wildland fire investigator” means a person who is an employee of the Ministry of Natural Resources and is either appointed as an officer under the Wildland Fire Management Act or duly appointed as a conservation officer by the Ministry and who enters land or premises for the purposes of inspecting the site of a fire or determining the cause and circumstances of a fire; (“enquêteur sur les incendies de végétation”) “worker in a correctional institution” means a correctional services officer, an operational manager, or a worker who is employed at a correctional institution to provide direct health care services by assessing, treating, monitoring, evaluating and administering medication to an inmate confined to a correctional institution; (“travailleur d’un établissement correctionnel”) “worker in a place of secure custody or place of secure temporary detention” means a youth services worker, a youth services manager, or a worker who is employed at a place of secure custody or place of secure temporary detention to provide direct health care services by assessing, treating, monitoring, evaluating and administering medication to a young person in custody or detention at the place of secure custody or secure temporary detention; (“travailleur d’un lieu de garde en milieu fermé ou d’un lieu de détention provisoire en milieu fermé”) “worker involved in dispatch” means a communications officer, a worker whose duties include the dispatch of firefighters and police officers, or a worker who receives emergency calls that initiate the dispatch of ambulance services, firefighters and police officers; (“travailleur s’occupant de répartition”) “young person” has the same meaning as in subsection 2 (1) of the Child, Youth and Family Services Act, 2017; (“adolescent”) “youth services manager” means a worker who is employed in a management position at a place of secure custody or secure temporary detention, and who directly supervises youth services workers, but does not include an administrator of a place of secure custody or secure temporary detention or a manager who only supervises educational, health-related or counselling services to young persons at the facility; (“chef des services aux jeunes”) “youth services worker” means a worker who is employed at a place of secure custody or secure temporary detention, and who directly supervises young persons who are in custody or detention at the place of secure custody or secure temporary detention, including supervising daily routines and programs, but does not include a worker who provides only educational, health-related or counselling services to young persons at the facility. (“travailleur des services aux jeunes”) 2016, c. 4, s. 2; 2017, c. 14, Sched. 4, s. 36; 2018, c. 8, Sched. 37, s. 1 (1); 2019, c. 1, Sched. 4, s. 66 (2); 2024, c. 2, Sched. 4, s. 12 (1); 2024, c. 19, Sched. 6, s. 1 (1); 2025, c. 17, Sched. 1, s. 44. Application (2) This section applies with respect to the following workers: 1. Full-time firefighters. 2. Part-time firefighters. 3. Volunteer firefighters. 4. Fire investigators. 5. Police officers. 6. Members of an emergency response team. 7. Paramedics. 8. Emergency medical attendants. 9. Ambulance service managers. 10. Workers in a correctional institution. 11. Workers in a place of secure custody or place of secure temporary detention. 12. Workers involved in dispatch. 13. Members of the College of Nurses of Ontario who directly provide patient care and who are not workers described in paragraph 10 or 11. 14. Provincial bailiffs appointed under the Ministry of Correctional Services Act. Note: On the day section 33 of Schedule 2 to the Correctional Services Transformation Act, 2018 comes into force, paragraph 14 of subsection 14 (2) of the Act is amended by striking out “Ministry of Correctional Services Act” at the end and substituting “Correctional Services and Reintegration Act, 2018”. (See: 2018, c. 8, Sched. 37, s. 3 (3)) 15. Probation officers appointed under or in accordance with the Ministry of Correctional Services Act or the Child and Family Services Act. Note: On a day to be named by proclamation of the Lieutenant Governor, paragraph 15 of subsection 14 (2) of the Act is amended by striking out “Child and Family Services Act” at the end and substituting “Child, Youth and Family Services Act, 2017”. (See: 2018, c. 8, Sched. 37, s. 1 (3)) Note: On the day section 153 of Schedule 2 to the Correctional Services Transformation Act, 2018 comes into force, paragraph 15 of subsection 14 (2) of the Act is amended by striking out “Ministry of Correctional Services Act” and substituting “Correctional Services and Reintegration Act, 2018”. (See: 2018, c. 8, Sched. 37, s. 3 (4)) 16. Workers who directly supervise workers described in paragraph 15. 17. Special constables appointed under the Community Safety and Policing Act, 2019. 18. Members of a police service, as defined in subsection 2 (1) of the Community Safety and Policing Act, 2019, other than those described in paragraph 5, who perform work in a forensic identification unit or a Violent Crime Linkage Analysis System unit of the police service. 19. Wildland firefighters. 20. Wildland fire investigators. 2016, c. 4, s. 2; 2018, c. 8, Sched. 37, s. 1 (2); 2023, c. 12, Sched. 1, s. 79 (1, 2); 2024, c. 2, Sched. 4, s. 12 (2); 2024, c. 19, Sched. 6, s. 1 (2).

Entitlement to benefits (3) Subject to subsection (7), a worker is entitled to benefits under the insurance plan for posttraumatic stress disorder arising out of and in the course of the worker’s employment if, (a) the worker, (i) is a worker listed in subsection (2), (ii) was a worker listed in paragraphs 1 to 12 of subsection (2) for at least one day on or after April 6, 2014, (iii) was a worker listed in paragraphs 13 to 18 of subsection (2) for at least one day on or after the day the Plan for Care and Opportunity Act (Budget Measures), 2018 receives Royal Assent, or (iv) was a worker listed in paragraph 19 or 20 of subsection (2) for at least one day on or after transition day; (b) the worker is or was diagnosed with posttraumatic stress disorder by a psychiatrist or psychologist; and (c) for a worker who, (i) is a worker listed in paragraphs 1 to 12 of subsection (2) at the time of filing a claim, the diagnosis is made on or after April 6, 2014, (ii) ceases to be a worker listed in paragraphs 1 to 12 of subsection (2) on or after April 6, 2016, the diagnosis is made on or after April 6, 2014 but no later than 24 months after the day on which the worker ceases to be a listed worker, (iii) ceased to be a worker listed in paragraphs 1 to 12 of subsection (2) after April 6, 2014 but before April 6, 2016, the diagnosis is made on or after April 6, 2014 but no later than April 6, 2018, (iv) ceases to be a worker listed in paragraphs 13 to 18 of subsection (2) on or after the day the Plan for Care and Opportunity Act (Budget Measures), 2018 receives Royal Assent, the diagnosis is made no later than 24 months after the day on which the worker ceases to be a listed worker, (v) is a worker listed in paragraph 19 or 20 of subsection (2) at the time of filing a claim, the diagnosis is made on or after transition day, (vi) ceases to be a worker listed in paragraph 19 or 20 of subsection (2) on or after the day on which the Working for Workers Five Act, 2024 receives Royal Assent, the diagnosis is made on or after transition day but no later than 24 months after the day on which the worker ceases to be a listed worker, or (vii) ceased to be a worker listed in paragraph 19 or 20 of subsection (2) on or after transition day but before the day on which the Working for Workers Five Act, 2024 receives Royal Assent, the diagnosis is made on or after transition day but no later than 24 months after the day on which the Working for Workers Five Act, 2024 receives Royal Assent. 2018, c. 8, Sched. 37, s. 1 (6); 2024, c. 19, Sched. 6, s. 1 (3, 4). Interpretation (4) In subsection (3), “transition day” means the day that is 24 months before the day the Working for Workers Five Act, 2024 receives Royal Assent. 2024, c. 19, Sched. 6, s. 1 (5). Same (5) The worker is entitled to benefits under the insurance plan as if the posttraumatic stress disorder were a personal injury. 2016, c. 4, s. 2. Presumption re: course of employment (6) For the purposes of subsection (3), the posttraumatic stress disorder is presumed to have arisen out of and in the course of the worker’s employment, unless the contrary is shown. 2016, c. 4, s. 2. No entitlement, employer’s decisions or actions (7) A worker is not entitled to benefits under the insurance plan for posttraumatic stress disorder if it is shown that the worker’s posttraumatic stress disorder was caused by decisions or actions of the worker’s employer relating to the worker’s employment, including a decision to change the work to be performed or the working conditions, to discipline the worker or to terminate the worker’s employment. 2016, c. 4, s. 2; 2017, c. 8, Sched. 33, s. 2. s. 13 entitlement (8) Nothing in this section affects entitlement to benefits under section 13 for posttraumatic stress disorder that meets the requirements of that section. 2016, c. 4, s. 2. No refiling of claims (9) If a worker filed a claim in respect of posttraumatic stress disorder and the claim was denied by the Board or by the Appeals Tribunal, the worker may not refile the claim under this section. 2016, c. 4, s. 2. Time limits (10) The time limits in subsections 22 (1) and (2) do not apply in respect of a claim made under this section by a worker listed in paragraphs 1 to 12 of subsection (2) that is made with respect to posttraumatic stress disorder that was diagnosed on or after April 6, 2014 but before April 6, 2016. 2018, c. 8, Sched. 37, s. 1 (7). Same (11) A claim made under this section by a worker listed in paragraphs 1 to 12 of subsection (2) with respect to posttraumatic stress disorder that was diagnosed on or after April 6, 2014 but before April 6, 2016 must be filed on or before October 6, 2016. 2018, c. 8, Sched. 37, s. 1 (7). Same (11.1) The time limits in subsections 22 (1) and (2) do not apply in respect of a claim made under this section by a worker listed in paragraph 19 or 20 of subsection (2) that is made with respect to posttraumatic stress disorder that was diagnosed on or after transition day and before the day the Working for Workers Five Act, 2024 receives Royal Assent. 2024, c. 19, Sched. 6, s. 1 (5). Same (11.2) Despite subsection (11.1), a claim made under this section by a worker listed in paragraph 19 or 20 of subsection (2) that is made with respect to posttraumatic stress disorder that was diagnosed on or after transition day and before the day the Working for Workers Five Act, 2024 receives Royal Assent must be filed within six months after the day on which the Working for Workers Five Act, 2024 receives Royal Assent. 2024, c. 19, Sched. 6, s. 1 (5). Pending claim (12) If a worker listed in paragraphs 1 to 12 of subsection (2) filed a claim for entitlement to benefits relating to posttraumatic stress disorder and the claim was pending before the Board on April 6, 2016, the Board shall decide the claim in accordance with this section as it reads at the time the Board makes its decision as though the requirements in clauses (3) (a) and (c) were satisfied. 2018, c. 8, Sched. 37, s. 1 (7). Same (13) If a worker listed in paragraphs 13 to 18 of subsection (2) has filed a claim for entitlement to benefits relating to posttraumatic stress disorder and the claim is pending before the Board on the day the Plan for Care and Opportunity Act (Budget Measures), 2018 receives Royal Assent, the Board shall decide the claim in accordance with this section as it reads at the time the Board makes its decision as though the requirements in clauses (3) (a) and (c) were satisfied. 2018, c. 8, Sched. 37, s. 1 (7). Same (13.1) If a worker listed in paragraph 19 or 20 of subsection (2) has filed a claim for entitlement to benefits relating to posttraumatic stress disorder and the claim is pending before the Board on the day on which the Working for Workers Five Act, 2024 receives Royal Assent, the Board shall decide the claim in accordance with this section as it reads at the time the Board makes its decision as though the requirements in clauses 3 (a) and (c) were satisfied. 2024, c. 19, Sched. 6, s. 1 (5). Same (14) For the purposes of subsections (12), (13) and (13.1), a claim is pending if the Board has not made a final decision in respect of the claim. 2018, c. 8, Sched. 37, s. 1 (7); 2024, c. 19, Sched. 6, s. 1 (6). Pending appeal (15) If a worker listed in paragraphs 1 to 12 of subsection (2) filed a claim for entitlement to benefits relating to posttraumatic stress disorder and the claim was pending before the Appeals Tribunal on April 6, 2016, the Appeals Tribunal shall refer the claim back to the Board and the Board shall decide the claim in accordance with this section as it reads at the time the Board makes its decision as though the requirements in clauses (3) (a) and (c) were satisfied. 2018, c. 8, Sched. 37, s. 1 (7). Same (16) If a worker listed in paragraphs 13 to 18 of subsection (2) has filed a claim for entitlement to benefits relating to posttraumatic stress disorder and the claim is pending before the Appeals Tribunal on the day the Plan for Care and Opportunity Act (Budget Measures), 2018 receives Royal Assent, the Appeals Tribunal shall refer the claim back to the Board and the Board shall decide the claim in accordance with this section as it reads at the time the Board makes its decision as though the requirements in clauses (3) (a) and (c) were satisfied. 2018, c. 8, Sched. 37, s. 1 (7). Same (16.1) If a worker listed in paragraph 19 or 20 of subsection (2) has filed a claim for entitlement to benefits relating to posttraumatic stress disorder and the claim is pending before the Appeals Tribunal on the day on which the Working for Workers Five Act, 2024 receives Royal Assent, the Appeals Tribunal shall refer the claim back to the Board and the Board shall decide the claim in accordance with this section as it reads at the time the Board makes its decision as though the requirements in clauses (3) (a) and (c) were satisfied. 2024, c. 19, Sched. 6, s. 1 (7). Other appeal (17) If, on or after April 6, 2016 and on or before October 6, 2016, a worker listed in paragraphs 1 to 12 of subsection (2) filed a notice of appeal of a final decision of the Board that was made before April 6, 2016 regarding a claim for entitlement to benefits relating to posttraumatic stress disorder with the Appeals Tribunal, the Appeals Tribunal shall refer the claim back to the Board and the Board shall decide the claim in accordance with this section as it reads at the time the Board makes its decision as though the requirements in clauses (3) (a) and (c) were satisfied. 2018, c. 8, Sched. 37, s. 1 (7). Same (18) If, on or after the day the Plan for Care and Opportunity Act (Budget Measures), 2018 receives Royal Assent and within the time limit set out in subsection 125 (2), a worker listed in paragraphs 13 to 18 of subsection (2) files a notice of appeal of a final decision of the Board that was made before the Plan for Care and Opportunity Act (Budget Measures), 2018 receives Royal Assent regarding a claim for entitlement to benefits relating to posttraumatic stress disorder with the Appeals Tribunal, the Appeals Tribunal shall refer the claim back to the Board and the Board shall decide the claim in accordance with this section as it reads at the time the Board makes its decision as though the requirements in clauses (3) (a) and (c) were satisfied. 2018, c. 8, Sched. 37, s. 1 (7). Same (18.1) If, on or after the day on which the Working for Workers Five Act, 2024 receives Royal Assent and within the time limit set out in subsection 125 (2), a worker listed in paragraph 19 or 20 of subsection (2) files a notice of appeal with the Appeals Tribunal of a final decision of the Board that was made before the day on which the Working for Workers Five Act, 2024 receives Royal Assent regarding a claim for entitlement to benefits relating to posttraumatic stress disorder, the Appeals Tribunal shall refer the claim back to the Board and the Board shall decide the claim in accordance with this section as it reads at the time the Board makes its decision as though the requirements in clauses (3) (a) and (c) were satisfied. 2024, c. 19, Sched. 6, s. 1 (7). Transition, prior diagnosis (19) For the purposes of the following claims, posttraumatic stress disorder includes posttraumatic stress disorder as described in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV), published by the American Psychiatric Association: 1. Claims and appeals in respect of workers listed in paragraphs 1 to 12 of subsection (2) that were pending on April 6, 2016. 2. New claims made under this section by workers listed in paragraphs 1 to 12 of subsection (2) on or before October 6, 2016. 3. Claims and appeals in respect of workers listed in paragraphs 13 to 18 of subsection (2) that are pending on the day the Plan for Care and Opportunity Act (Budget Measures), 2018 receives Royal Assent. 3.1 Claims and appeals in respect of workers listed in paragraphs 19 and 20 of subsection (2) that are pending on the day on which the Working for Workers Five Act, 2024 receives Royal Assent. 4. Claims described in subsections (17), (18) and (18.1). 2018, c. 8, Sched. 37, s. 1 (7); 2024, c. 19, Sched. 6, s. 1 (8, 9). Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) Table of Public Statute Provisions Repealed Under Section 10.1 of the Legislation Act, 2006 - 31/12/2011 2016, c. 4, s. 2 - 06/04/2016 2017, c. 8, Sched. 33, s. 2 - 01/01/2018; 2017, c. 14, Sched. 4, s. 36 - 30/04/2018 2018, c. 3, Sched. 5, s. 68 (2) - no effect - see 2019, c. 1, Sched. 3, s. 5 - 26/03/2019; 2018, c. 6, Sched. 3, s. 16 - not in force; 2018, c. 8, Sched. 37, s. 1 (1, 2, 6, 7) - 08/05/2018; 2018, c. 8, Sched. 37, s. 1 (3), 3 (3, 4) - not in force; 2018, c. 8, Sched. 37, s. 1 (4, 5) - no effect - see 2023, c. 12, Sched. 1, s. 81 - 08/06/2023 2019, c. 1, Sched. 4, s. 66 (2) - 01/04/2024 2023, c. 12, Sched. 1, s. 79 (1, 2) - 08/06/2023 2024, c. 2, Sched. 4, s. 12 (1, 2) - 01/04/2024; 2024, c. 19, Sched. 6, s. 1 (1-9) - 28/10/2024 2025, c. 17, Sched. 1, s. 44 (1, 2) - 01/01/2026 Occupational diseases 15 (1) This section applies if a worker suffers from and is impaired by an occupational disease that occurs due to the nature of one or more employments in which the worker was engaged. Entitlement to benefits (2) The worker is entitled to benefits under the insurance plan as if the disease were a personal injury by accident and as if the impairment were the happening of the accident. Presumption re causation (3) If, before the date of the impairment, the worker was employed in a process set out in Schedule 3 and if he or she contracts the disease specified in the Schedule, the disease is presumed to have occurred due to the nature of the worker’s employment unless the contrary is shown. Causation of disease (4) If, before the date of the impairment, the worker was employed in a process set out in Schedule 4 and if he or she contracts the disease specified in the Schedule, the disease shall be deemed to have occurred due to the nature of the worker’s employment. Restriction, silicosis (5) A worker and his or her survivors are not entitled to benefits under the insurance plan for impairment from silicosis unless the worker has been actually exposed to silica dust for at least two years in his or her employment in Ontario prior to becoming impaired. Restriction, pneumoconiosis, etc. (6) Subsection (5) applies, with necessary modifications, with respect to impairment from pneumoconiosis and stone worker’s or grinder’s phthisis. Other occupational diseases (7) This section does not affect the right of a worker to benefits under the insurance plan in respect of an occupational disease to which this section does not apply if the disease is the result of an injury for which the worker is entitled to benefits under the insurance plan. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 15. Presumptions re: firefighters, etc. Heart injury 15.1 (1) If a worker is prescribed under clause (8) (a) and sustains an injury to the heart in circumstances prescribed under clause (8) (c), the injury is presumed to be a personal injury arising out of and in the course of the worker’s employment as a firefighter or fire investigator, unless the contrary is shown. 2007, c. 3, s. 2. Time of injury (2) The presumption in subsection (1) applies only to injuries sustained on or after January 1, 1960. 2007, c. 3, s. 2. Injuries sustained before 1998 (3) Where the presumption in subsection (1) applies in relation to an injury to the heart sustained by a worker before January 1, 1998, the rights of the worker or his or her survivor shall, subject to the presumption, be determined in accordance with Part IX. 2007, c. 3, s. 2. Occupational disease (4) If a worker is prescribed under clause (8) (a) and suffers from and is impaired by a disease prescribed under clause (8) (d), the disease is presumed to be an occupational disease that occurs due to the nature of the worker’s employment as a firefighter or fire investigator, unless the contrary is shown. 2007, c. 3, s. 2. Same, primary-site esophageal cancer (4.1) If a worker is prescribed under clause (8) (a) and suffers from and is impaired by primary-site esophageal cancer, the disease is presumed to be an occupational disease that occurs due to the nature of the worker’s employment as a firefighter or fire investigator, unless the contrary is shown. 2024, c. 3, Sched. 4, s. 1 (1). Restriction (4.2) The presumption in subsection (4.1) does not apply unless the worker was employed as a full-time firefighter, part-time firefighter or fire investigator or served as a volunteer firefighter for a total of at least 15 years before being diagnosed. 2024, c. 3, Sched. 4, s. 1 (1). Same, primary-site skin cancer (4.3) If a worker is prescribed under clause (8) (a) and suffers from and is impaired by primary-site skin cancer, the disease is presumed to be an occupational disease that occurs due to the nature of the worker’s employment as a firefighter or fire investigator, unless the contrary is shown. 2024, c. 19, Sched. 6, s. 2 (1). Restriction (4.4) The presumption in subsection (4.3) does not apply unless the worker was employed as a full-time firefighter, part-time firefighter or fire investigator or served as a volunteer firefighter for a total of at least 10 years before being diagnosed. 2024, c. 19, Sched. 6, s. 2 (1). Same, primary-site kidney cancer (4.5) If a worker is prescribed under clause (8) (a) and suffers from and is impaired by primary-site kidney cancer, the disease is presumed to be an occupational disease that occurs due to the nature of the worker’s employment as a firefighter or fire investigator, unless the contrary is shown. 2024, c. 41, Sched. 6, s. 1 (1). Restriction (4.6) The presumption in subsection (4.5) does not apply unless the worker was employed as a full-time firefighter, part-time firefighter or fire investigator or served as a volunteer firefighter for a total of at least 10 years before being diagnosed. 2024, c. 41, Sched. 6, s. 1 (1). Same, primary-site colorectal cancer (4.7) If a worker is prescribed under clause (8) (a) and suffers from and is impaired by primary-site colorectal cancer, the disease is presumed to be an occupational disease that occurs due to the nature of the worker’s employment as a firefighter or fire investigator, unless the contrary is shown. 2024, c. 41, Sched. 6, s. 1 (1). Restriction (4.8) The presumption in subsection (4.7) does not apply unless the worker was employed as a full-time firefighter, part-time firefighter or fire investigator or served as a volunteer firefighter for a total of at least 10 years before being diagnosed. 2024, c. 41, Sched. 6, s. 1 (1). Time of diagnosis (5) The presumptions in subsections (4), (4.1), (4.3), (4.5) and (4.7) apply only to diseases diagnosed on or after January 1, 1960. 2024, c. 3, Sched. 4, s. 1 (1); 2024, c. 19, Sched. 6, s. 2 (2); 2024, c. 41, Sched. 6, s. 1 (2). Diseases diagnosed before 1998 (6) If a presumption in subsection (4), (4.1), (4.3), (4.5) or (4.7) applies in relation to a disease of a worker that is diagnosed before January 1, 1998, the rights of the worker or his or her survivor shall, subject to the presumption, be determined in accordance with Part IX. 2024, c. 3, Sched. 4, s. 1 (1); 2024, c. 19, Sched. 6, s. 2 (3); 2024, c. 41, Sched. 6, s. 1 (3). Conditions and restrictions (7) The presumptions in subsections (1), (4), (4.1), (4.3), (4.5) and (4.7) are subject to any conditions and restrictions prescribed under clause (8) (e). 2007, c. 3, s. 2; 2024, c. 19, Sched. 6, s. 2 (4); 2024, c. 41, Sched. 6, s. 1 (4). Regulations (8) The Lieutenant Governor in Council may make regulations, (a) prescribing firefighters, fire investigators, or classes of firefighters or fire investigators, as workers to whom subsection (1), (4), (4.1), (4.3), (4.5) or (4.7) applies; (b) defining “firefighter”, “fire investigator”, “full-time firefighter” and “part-time firefighter” for the purposes of this section and the regulations under this section; (c) prescribing circumstances in which an injury to the heart is sustained for the purposes of subsection (1); (d) prescribing diseases for the purposes of subsection (4); (e) prescribing conditions and restrictions relating to the presumptions established by subsections (1), (4), (4.1), (4.3), (4.5) and (4.7), including, but not limited to, conditions and restrictions related to nature of employment, length of employment, time during which the worker was employed or age of the worker; (f) providing that section 15.2, in whole or in part, does not apply in circumstances specified in the regulation; (g) if a regulation is made under clause (f), providing for alternative rules to govern claims to which section 15.2, in whole or in part, would have applied; (h) providing for such transitional matters as the Lieutenant Governor in Council considers necessary or advisable in relation to this section, the regulations under this section and section 15.2. 2007, c. 3, s. 2; 2024, c. 3, Sched. 4, s. 1 (2-4); 2024, c. 19, Sched. 6, s. 2 (5, 6); 2024, c. 41, Sched. 6, s. 1 (5, 6). Same (9) A regulation made under clause (8) (b) may define firefighter to include, (a) volunteer firefighters; and (b) workers who are not included in the definition of “firefighter” in the Fire Protection and Prevention Act, 1997. 2007, c. 3, s. 2. Same (10) A regulation made under this section may be general or particular in its application. 2007, c. 3, s. 2. Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2007, c. 3, s. 2 - 04/05/2007 2024, c. 3, Sched. 4, s. 1 (1-4) - 01/05/2024; 2024, c. 19, Sched. 6, s. 2 (1-6) - 02/12/2024; 2024, c. 41, Sched. 6, s. 1 (1-6) - 01/07/2025 Claims based on presumptions 15.2 (1) This section applies if, (a) a regulation under section 15.1 is made or amended and, as a result, a presumption established under section 15.1 applies to an injury sustained by a worker or to a disease with which a worker is diagnosed; or (b) a presumption established under subsection 15.1 (4.1), (4.3), (4.5) or (4.7) applies to a disease with which a worker is diagnosed. 2024, c. 3, Sched. 4, s. 2; 2024, c. 19, Sched. 6, s. 3; 2024, c. 41, Sched. 6, s. 2. New claims (2) If the worker or his or her survivor never filed a claim in respect of the injury or disease, the worker or his or her survivor may file a claim with the Board, and the Board shall decide the claim in accordance with section 15.1 and the regulations under it, as that section and those regulations read at the time the Board makes its decision. 2007, c. 3, s. 2. Refiled claims (3) Subject to subsection (4), if the worker or his or her survivor filed a claim in respect of the injury or disease and the claim was denied by the Board or by the Appeals Tribunal, the worker or his or her survivor may refile the claim with the Board, and the Board shall decide the claim in accordance with section 15.1 and the regulations under it, as that section and those regulations read at the time the Board makes its decision. 2007, c. 3, s. 2. Time limits (4) The time limits in subsections 22 (1) and (2) do not apply in respect of a claim that is refiled under subsection (3). 2007, c. 3, s. 2. Pending appeal (5) If a claim is pending before the Appeals Tribunal, the Appeals Tribunal shall refer the claim back to the Board, and the Board shall decide the claim in accordance with section 15.1 and the regulations under it, as that section and those regulations read at the time the Board makes its decision. 2007, c. 3, s. 2. Pending claim (6) If a claim is pending before the Board, the Board shall decide the claim in accordance with section 15.1 and the regulations under it, as that section and those regulations read at the time the Board makes its decision. 2007, c. 3, s. 2. Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2007, c. 3, s. 2 - 04/05/2007 2024, c. 3, Sched. 4, s. 2 - 01/05/2024; 2024, c. 19, Sched. 6, s. 3 - 02/12/2024; 2024, c. 41, Sched. 6, s. 2 - 01/07/2025 No waiver of entitlement 16 An agreement between a worker and his or her employer to waive or to forego any benefit to which the worker or his or her survivors are or may become entitled under the insurance plan is void. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 16. Serious and wilful misconduct 17 If an injury is attributable solely to the serious and wilful misconduct of the worker, no benefits shall be provided under the insurance plan unless the injury results in the worker’s death or serious impairment. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 17. Employment outside Ontario 18 (1) This section applies if the accident happens while the worker is employed outside of Ontario, if the worker resides and is usually employed in Ontario and if the employer’s place of business is in Ontario. Outside Ontario less than six months (2) The worker is entitled to benefits under the insurance plan if the employment outside of Ontario has lasted less than six months. Same, six months or more (3) Upon the application of the employer, the Board may declare that the insurance plan applies to a worker whose employment outside of Ontario lasts or is likely to last six months or more. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 18. Accident outside Ontario 19 (1) A worker who resides outside of Ontario is entitled to benefits under the insurance plan if his or her employer’s place of business is in Ontario, the worker’s usual place of employment is in Ontario and the accident happens while the worker is employed outside of Ontario for a temporary purpose connected with the worker’s employment. Same, non-Ontario employer (2) If the accident happens outside of Ontario, the employer’s place of business is outside of Ontario and the worker is entitled to compensation under the law of the place where the accident happens, the worker is entitled to benefits under the insurance plan only if the worker’s place of employment is in Ontario and the accident happens while the worker is employed outside of Ontario for a casual or incidental purpose connected with the worker’s employment. Same, on a vessel (3) If the accident happens outside of Ontario on a vessel, the worker is entitled to benefits under the insurance plan if the worker resides in Ontario and, (a) if the vessel is registered in Canada; or (b) if the chief place of business of its owner or of the person who offers it for charter is in Ontario. Same, certain vehicles, etc. (4) If the accident happens outside of Ontario on a train, an aircraft or a vessel or on a vehicle used to transport passengers or goods, the worker is entitled to benefits under the insurance plan if he or she resides in Ontario and is required to perform his or her employment both in and outside of Ontario. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 19. Obligation to elect, concurrent entitlement outside Ontario 20 (1) This section applies if a worker is entitled to benefits under the insurance plan relating to an accident and is also entitled to compensation under the laws of another jurisdiction in respect of the accident regardless of where the accident occurs This section also applies with necessary modifications if the worker’s survivors are so entitled. Same (2) The worker shall elect whether to receive benefits under the insurance plan or to receive compensation under the laws of the other jurisdiction and shall notify the Board of the option elected. If the worker is employed by a Schedule 2 employer, the worker shall also notify the employer. Deadline for electing (3) The election must be made within three months after the accident occurs or, if the accident results in death, within three months after the date of death. However, the Board may permit the election to be made within a longer period. Failure to elect (4) If an election is not made or if notice of the election is not given, the worker is presumed to have elected not to receive benefits under the insurance plan unless the contrary is shown. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 20. Notice of Accident and Claim for Benefits Notice by employer of accident 21 (1) An employer shall notify the Board within three days after learning of an accident to a worker employed by him, her or it if the accident necessitates health care or results in the worker not being able to earn full wages. Same (2) The notice must be on a form approved by the Board and the employer shall give the Board such other information as the Board may require from time to time in connection with the accident. Failure to comply (3) An employer who fails to comply with this section shall pay the prescribed amount to the Board. This payment is in addition to any penalty imposed by a court for an offence under subsection 152 (3). Copy to worker (4) The employer shall give a copy of the notice to the worker at the time the notice is given to the Board. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 21. Claim for benefits Claim for benefits, worker 22 (1) A worker shall file a claim as soon as possible after the accident that gives rise to the claim, but in no case shall he or she file a claim more than six months after the accident or, in the case of an occupational disease, after the worker learns that he or she suffers from the disease. Same, survivor (2) A survivor who is entitled to benefits as a result of the death of a worker shall file a claim as soon as possible after the worker’s death, but in no case shall he or she file a claim more than six months after the worker’s death. Extension of time (3) The Board may permit a claim to be filed after the six-month period expires if, in the opinion of the Board, it is just to do so. Form and contents (4) A claim must be on a form approved by the Board and must be accompanied by such information and documents as the Board may require. Consent re functional abilities (5) When filing a claim, a worker must consent to the disclosure to his or her employer of information provided by a health professional under subsection 37 (3) concerning the worker’s functional abilities. The disclosure is for the sole purpose of facilitating the worker’s return to work. Failure to file (6) If the claimant does not file the claim with the Board in accordance with this section or does not give the consent required by subsection (5), no benefits shall be provided under the insurance plan unless the Board, in its opinion, decides that it is just to do so. Notice to employer (7) The claimant shall give a copy of his or her claim to the worker’s employer at the time the claim is given to the Board. Same, occupational disease (8) A copy of the claim for an occupational disease must be given to the employer who has most recently employed the worker in the employment to the nature of which the disease is due. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 22. Prohibition, claim suppression 22.1 (1) No employer shall take any action, including but not limited to the prohibited actions set out in subsection (2), in respect of a worker with the intent of, (a) discouraging or preventing the worker from filing a claim for benefits under section 22; or (b) influencing or inducing the worker to withdraw or abandon a claim for benefits made under section 22. 2015, c. 34, Sched. 3, s. 1. Same (2) For the purposes of subsection (1), the following actions are prohibited: 1. Dismissing or threatening to dismiss a worker. 2. Disciplining or suspending, or threatening to discipline or suspend a worker. 3. Imposing a penalty upon a worker. 4. Directly or indirectly intimidating or coercing a worker with threats, promises, persuasion or other means. 2015, c. 34, Sched. 3, s. 1. Administrative penalty (3) An employer who contravenes subsection (1) shall pay the prescribed amount to the Board. This payment is in addition to any penalty imposed by a court for an offence under section 155.1. 2015, c. 34, Sched. 3, s. 1. Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2015, c. 34, Sched. 3, s. 1 - 10/12/2015 Prohibition, false or misleading statement 22.2 (1) No employer shall make a false or misleading statement or representation to the Board in connection with any person’s claim for benefits under the insurance plan. 2025, c. 13, Sched. 7, s. 1. Administrative penalty (2) An employer who contravenes subsection (1) shall pay the prescribed amount to the Board. This payment is in addition to any penalty imposed by a court for an offence under subsection 149 (1). 2025, c. 13, Sched. 7, s. 1. Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2025, c. 13, Sched. 7, s. 1 - 27/11/2025 Continuing obligation to provide information 23 (1) A person receiving benefits under the insurance plan or who may be entitled to do so shall give the Board such information as the Board may require from time to time in connection with the person’s claim. Effect of non-compliance (2) If the person fails to comply with subsection (1), the Board may reduce or suspend payments to him or her while the non-compliance continues. Notice of material change in circumstances (3) A person receiving benefits under the insurance plan or who may be entitled to do so shall notify the Board of a material change in circumstances in connection with the entitlement within 10 days after the material change occurs. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 23. Wages and Employment Benefits Wages for day of accident 24 (1) The employer shall pay a worker who is entitled to benefits under the insurance plan his or her wages and employment benefits for the day of the injury as if the accident had not occurred. Payment by Board (2) If the employer fails to comply with subsection (1), the Board shall pay the wages and employment benefits to or on behalf of the worker. Failure to comply (3) If the employer fails to comply with subsection (1), the employer shall pay to the Board a sum equal to the wages and employment benefits owing under that subsection. This requirement is in addition to any other penalty imposed on the employer or liability of the employer for the failure to comply. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 24. Employment benefits 25 (1) Throughout the first year after a worker is injured, the employer shall make contributions for employment benefits in respect of the worker when the worker is absent from work because of the injury However, the contributions are required only if, (a) the employer was making contributions for employment benefits in respect of the worker when the injury occurred; and (b) the worker continues to pay his or her contributions, if any, for the employment benefits while the worker is absent from work. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 25 (1). Failure to comply (2) If the employer fails to comply with subsection (1), (a) the employer is liable to the worker for any loss the worker suffers as a result of the failure to comply; and (b) the Board may levy a penalty on the employer not exceeding the amount of one year’s contributions for employment benefits in respect of the worker. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 25 (2). Contributions re emergency workers (3) The actual employer of an emergency worker shall make the contributions required by subsection (1), instead of the worker’s deemed employer. The deemed employer shall reimburse the actual employer for the contributions. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 25 (3). Certain volunteers (3.1) Subsection (3) applies with respect to a member of a municipal volunteer fire brigade or a volunteer ambulance brigade or an auxiliary member of a police service as though the person were an emergency worker. 2000, c. 26, Sched. I, s. 1 (1); 2002, c. 18, Sched. J, s. 5 (2); 2019, c. 1, Sched. 4, s. 66 (3). Multi-employer benefit plans (4) Subsection (1) does not apply to an employer who participates in a multi-employer benefit plan in respect of the worker if, when the worker is absent from work because of the injury during the first year after it occurs, (a) the plan continues to provide the worker with the benefits to which he or she would otherwise be entitled; and (b) the plan does not require the employer to make contributions during the worker’s absence and does not require the worker to draw upon his or her benefit credits, if any, under the plan during the absence. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 25 (4). Same (5) Every multi-employer benefit plan shall contain or be deemed to contain provisions that are, (a) sufficient to enable all employers who participate in the plan to be exempted under subsection (4) from the requirement to make contributions; and (b) sufficient to provide each worker with the benefits described in subsection (4) in the circumstances described in that subsection. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 25 (5). Entitlement under benefit plans (6) For the purpose of determining a worker’s entitlement to benefits under a benefit plan, fund or arrangement, the worker shall be deemed to continue to be employed by the employer for one year after the date of the injury. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 25 (6). Definition (7) In this section, “contributions for employment benefits” means amounts paid in whole or in part by an employer on behalf of a worker or the worker’s spouse, child or dependant for health care, life insurance and pension benefits. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 25 (7); 1999, c. 6, s. 67 (5); 2005, c. 5, s. 73 (5). Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 1998, c. 36, s. 1 - 01/01/1998; 1999, c. 6, s. 67 (5) - 01/03/2000 2000, c. 26, Sched. I, s. 1 (1) - 01/01/1998 2002, c. 18, Sched. J, s. 5 (2) - 26/11/2002 2005, c. 5, s. 73 (5) - 09/03/2005 2018, c. 3, Sched. 5, s. 68 (3) - no effect - see 2019, c. 1, Sched. 3, s. 5 - 26/03/2019 2019, c. 1, Sched. 4, s. 66 (3) - 01/04/2024 Rights of Action No action for benefits 26 (1) No action lies to obtain benefits under the insurance plan, but all claims for benefits shall be heard and determined by the Board. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 26 (1). Benefits in lieu of rights of action (2) Entitlement to benefits under the insurance plan is in lieu of all rights of action (statutory or otherwise) that a worker, a worker’s survivor or a worker’s spouse, child or dependant has or may have against the worker’s employer or an executive officer of the employer for or by reason of an accident happening to the worker or an occupational disease contracted by the worker while in the employment of the employer. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 26 (2); 1999, c. 6, s. 67 (6); 2005, c. 5, s. 73 (6). Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 1999, c. 6, s. 67 (6) - 01/03/2000 2005, c. 5, s. 73 (6) - 09/03/2005 Application of certain sections 27 (1) Sections 28 to 31 apply with respect to a worker who sustains an injury or a disease that entitles him or her to benefits under the insurance plan and to the survivors of a deceased worker who are entitled to benefits under the plan. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 27 (1). Same (2) If a worker’s right of action is taken away under section 28 or 29, the worker’s spouse, child, dependant or survivors are, also, not entitled to commence an action under section 61 of the Family Law Act. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 27 (2); 1999, c. 6, s. 67 (7); 2005, c. 5, s. 73 (7). Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 1999, c. 6, s. 67 (7) - 01/03/2000 2005, c. 5, s. 73 (7) - 09/03/2005 Certain rights of action extinguished 28 (1) A worker employed by a Schedule 1 employer, the worker’s survivors and a Schedule 1 employer are not entitled to commence an action against the following persons in respect of the worker’s injury or disease: 1. Any Schedule 1 employer. 2. A director, executive officer or worker employed by any Schedule 1 employer. Same, Schedule 2 employer (2) A worker employed by a Schedule 2 employer and the worker’s survivors are not entitled to commence an action against the following persons in respect of the worker’s injury or disease: 1. The worker’s Schedule 2 employer. 2. A director, executive officer or worker employed by the worker’s Schedule 2 employer. Restriction (3) If the workers of one or more employers were involved in the circumstances in which the worker sustained the injury, subsection (1) applies only if the workers were acting in the course of their employment. Exception (4) Subsections (1) and (2) do not apply if any employer other than the worker’s employer supplied a motor vehicle, machinery or equipment on a purchase or rental basis without also supplying workers to operate the motor vehicle, machinery or equipment. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 28. Liability where negligence, fault 29 (1) This section applies in the following circumstances: 1. In an action by or on behalf of a worker employed by a Schedule 1 employer or a survivor of such a worker, any Schedule 1 employer or a director, executive officer or another worker employed by a Schedule 1 employer is determined to be at fault or negligent in respect of the accident or the disease that gives rise to the worker’s entitlement to benefits under the insurance plan. 2. In an action by or on behalf of a worker employed by a Schedule 2 employer or a survivor of such a worker, the worker’s Schedule 2 employer or a director, executive officer or another worker employed by the employer is determined to be at fault or negligent in respect of the accident or the disease that gives rise to the worker’s entitlement to benefits under the insurance plan. Same (2) The employer, director, executive officer or other worker is not liable to pay damages to the worker or his or her survivors or to contribute to or indemnify another person who is liable to pay such damages. Determination of fault (3) The court shall determine what portion of the loss or damage was caused by the fault or negligence of the employer, director, executive officer or other worker and shall do so whether or not he, she or it is a party to the action. Same (4) No damages, contribution or indemnity for the amount determined under subsection (3) to be caused by a person described in that subsection is recoverable in an action. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 29. Election, concurrent entitlements 30 (1) This section applies when a worker or a survivor of a deceased worker is entitled to benefits under the insurance plan with respect to an injury or disease and is also entitled to commence an action against a person in respect of the injury or disease. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 30 (1). Election (2) The worker or survivor shall elect whether to claim the benefits or to commence the action and shall notify the Board of the option elected. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 30 (2). Same (3) If the worker is or was employed by a Schedule 2 employer, the worker or survivor shall also notify the employer. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 30 (3). Same (4) The election must be made within three months after the accident occurs or, if the accident results in death, within three months after the date of death. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 30 (4). Same (5) The Board may permit the election to be made within a longer period if, in the opinion of the Board, it is just to do so. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 30 (5). Same (6) If an election is not made or if notice of election is not given, the worker or survivor shall be deemed, in the absence of evidence to the contrary, to have elected not to receive benefits under the insurance plan. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 30 (6). Same, minor (7) If the worker or survivor is less than 18 years of age, his or her parent or guardian or the Children’s Lawyer may make the election on his or her behalf. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 30 (7); 2021, c. 4, Sched. 11, s. 42 (3). Same, incapable person (8) If a worker is mentally incapable of making the election or is unconscious as a result of the injury, (a) the worker’s guardian or attorney may make the election on behalf of the worker; (b) if there is no guardian or attorney, the worker’s spouse may make the election on behalf of the worker; or (c) if there is no guardian or attorney and if no election is made within 60 days after the date of the injury, the Public Guardian and Trustee shall make the election on behalf of the worker. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 30 (8); 1999, c. 6, s. 67 (8); 2005, c. 5, s. 73 (8). Same (9) If a survivor is mentally incapable of making the election, (a) the survivor’s guardian or attorney may make the election on behalf of the survivor; or (b) if there is no guardian or attorney and if no election is made within 60 days after the death of the worker, the Public Guardian and Trustee shall make the election on behalf of the survivor. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 30 (9). Subrogation, Schedule 1 employer (10) If the worker or survivor elects to claim benefits under the insurance plan and if the worker is employed by a Schedule 1 employer or the deceased worker was so employed, the Board is subrogated to the rights of the worker or survivor in respect of the action. The Board is solely entitled to determine whether or not to commence, continue or abandon the action and whether to settle it and on what terms. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 30 (10). Same, Schedule 2 employer (11) If the worker or survivor elects to claim benefits under the insurance plan and if the worker is employed by a Schedule 2 employer or the deceased worker was so employed, the employer is subrogated to the rights of the worker or survivor in respect of the action. The employer is solely entitled to determine whether or not to commence, continue or abandon the action and whether to settle it and on what terms. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 30 (11). Surplus (12) If the Board or the employer pursues the action and receives an amount of money greater than the amount expended in pursuing the action and providing the benefits under the insurance plan to the worker or the survivor, the Board or the employer (as the case may be) shall pay the surplus to the worker or survivor. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 30 (12). Effect of surplus (13) Future payments to the worker or survivor under the insurance plan shall be reduced to the extent of the surplus paid to him or her. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 30 (13). If worker elects to commence action (14) The following rules apply if the worker or survivor elects to commence the action instead of claiming benefits under the insurance plan: 1. The worker or survivor is entitled to receive benefits under the insurance plan to the extent that, in a judgment in the action, the worker or survivor is awarded less than the amount described in paragraph 3. 2. If the worker or survivor settles the action and the Board approves the settlement before it is made, the worker or survivor is entitled to receive benefits under the insurance plan to the extent that the amount of the settlement is less than the amount described in paragraph 3. 3. For the purposes of paragraphs 1 and 2, the amount is the cost to the Board of the benefits that would have been provided under the plan to the worker or survivor, if the worker or survivor had elected to claim benefits under the plan instead of commencing the action. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 30 (14). Determining amount (15) For the purpose of determining the amount of benefits a worker or survivor is entitled to under subsection (14), the amount of a judgment in an action or the amount of a settlement shall be calculated as including the amount of any benefits that have been or will be received by the worker or survivor from any other source if those benefits, (a) have reduced the amount for which the defendant is liable to the worker or survivor in the action; or (b) would have been payable by the defendant but for an immunity granted to the defendant under any law. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 30 (15). Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 1999, c. 6, s. 67 (8) - 01/03/2000 2005, c. 5, s. 73 (8) - 09/03/2005 2021, c. 4, Sched. 11, s.

42 (3) - 19/04/2021 Decisions re rights of action and liability 31 (1) A party to an action or an insurer from whom statutory accident benefits are claimed under section 268 of the Insurance Act may apply to the Appeals Tribunal to determine, (a) whether, because of this Act, the right to commence an action is taken away; (b) whether the amount that a person may be liable to pay in an action is limited by this Act; or (c) whether the plaintiff is entitled to claim benefits under the insurance plan. Same (2) The Appeals Tribunal has exclusive jurisdiction to determine a matter described in subsection (1). Finality of decision (3) A decision of the Appeals Tribunal under this section is final and is not open to question or review in a court. Claim for benefits (4) Despite subsections 22 (1) and (2), a worker or survivor may file a claim for benefits within six months after the tribunal’s determination under subsection (1). Extension of time (5) The Board may permit a claim to be filed after the six-month period expires if, in the opinion of the Board, it is just to do so. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 31. PART IV HEALTH CARE Definition 32 In this Part, “health care” means, (a) professional services provided by a health care practitioner, (b) services provided by or at hospitals and health facilities, (c) drugs, (d) the services of an attendant, (e) modifications to a person’s home and vehicle and other measures to facilitate independent living as in the Board’s opinion are appropriate, (f) assistive devices and prostheses, (g) extraordinary transportation costs to obtain health care, (h) such measures to improve the quality of life of severely impaired workers as, in the Board’s opinion, are appropriate. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 32. Entitlement to health care 33 (1) A worker who sustains an injury is entitled to such health care as may be necessary, appropriate and sufficient as a result of the injury and is entitled to make the initial choice of health professional for the purposes of this section. Arrangements for health care (2) The Board may arrange for the worker’s health care or may approve arrangements for his or her health care. The Board shall pay for the worker’s health care. Same (3) The Board may establish such fee schedules for health care as it considers appropriate. Penalty for late billing (4) If the Board does not receive a bill for health care within such time as the Board may specify, the Board may reduce the amount payable for the health care by such percentage as the Board considers an appropriate penalty. Prohibition (5) No health care practitioner shall request a worker to pay for health care or any related service provided under the insurance plan. No right of action (6) No action lies against the Board to obtain payment of an amount greater than is established in the applicable fee schedule for health care provided to a worker. No action lies against a person other than the Board for payment for health care provided to a worker. Questions re health care (7) The Board shall determine all questions concerning, (a) the necessity, appropriateness and sufficiency of health care provided to a worker or that may be provided to a worker; and (b) payment for health care provided to a worker. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 33. Duty to co-operate 34 (1) A worker who claims or is receiving benefits under the insurance plan shall co-operate in such health care measures as the Board considers appropriate. Failure to comply (2) If the worker fails to comply with subsection (1), the Board may reduce or suspend payments to the worker under the insurance plan while the non-compliance continues. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 34. Board request for health examination 35 (1) Upon the request of the Board, a worker who claims or is receiving benefits under the insurance plan shall submit to a health examination by a health professional selected and paid for by the Board. Failure to comply (2) If the worker fails to comply with subsection (1) or obstructs the examination without reasonable cause or excuse, the Board may reduce or suspend payments to the worker under the insurance plan while the non-compliance or obstruction continues. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 35. Employer request for health examination 36 (1) Upon the request of his or her employer, a worker who claims or is receiving benefits under the insurance plan shall submit to a health examination by a health professional selected and paid for by the employer. Objection (2) Despite subsection (1), the worker may object to undergoing the examination or to the nature and extent of the examination requested by the employer. The worker shall notify the employer of his or her objection. Request to Board (3) Within 14 days after receiving the worker’s objection, the employer may request that the Board direct the worker to submit to the examination and, if necessary, that the Board determine the nature and extent of the examination. Decision final (4) A decision of the Board under this section is final and is not appealable to the Appeals Tribunal. Failure to comply (5) If the worker does not comply with a direction of the Board made under subsection (3), the Board may reduce or suspend payments to the worker under the insurance plan while the non-compliance continues. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 36. Reports Reports re health care 37 (1) Every health care practitioner who provides health care to a worker claiming benefits under the insurance plan or who is consulted with respect to his or her health care shall promptly give the Board such information relating to the worker as the Board may require. Same (2) Every hospital or health facility that provides health care to a worker claiming benefits under the insurance plan shall promptly give the Board such information relating to the worker as the Board may require. Report re functional abilities (3) When requested to do so by an injured worker or the employer, a health professional treating the worker shall give the Board, the worker and the employer such information as may be prescribed concerning the worker’s functional abilities. The required information must be provided on the prescribed form. Confidentiality of report (4) Neither an employer nor an employer’s representative shall disclose the information contained in the functional abilities form except to a person assisting the employer to return the worker to work under section 40 or 41. Payment (5) The Board shall pay the health care practitioner, hospital or health facility for providing the required information and shall fix the amount to be paid to him, her or it. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 37. Transportation to hospital, etc. 38 (1) At the time an injury occurs, the injured worker’s employer shall provide transportation for the worker (if the worker needs it) to a hospital or a physician located within a reasonable distance or to the worker’s home The employer shall pay for the transportation. Failure to comply (2) If the employer fails to comply with subsection (1), the Board may order the employer to pay for any transportation obtained by or on behalf of the worker or provided by the Board. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 38. Repair to assistive devices 39 (1) The Board may pay to repair or replace a worker’s assistive device or prosthesis if it is damaged as a result of an accident in the worker’s employment. Eligibility for benefits (2) If the worker is unable to work because of the damage to his or her assistive device or prosthesis, the worker is entitled to benefits under the insurance plan as if the inability to work had been caused by a personal injury. Allowance (3) If the Board pays for an assistive device or prosthesis, the Board may upon request give the worker an annual allowance to repair or replace clothing that is worn or damaged because of it. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 39. PART V RETURN TO WORK Duty to co-operate in return to work 40 (1) The employer of an injured worker shall co-operate in the early and safe return to work of the worker by, (a) contacting the worker as soon as possible after the injury occurs and maintaining communication throughout the period of the worker’s recovery and impairment; (b) attempting to provide suitable employment that is available and consistent with the worker’s functional abilities and that, when possible, restores the worker’s pre-injury earnings; (c) giving the Board such information as the Board may request concerning the worker’s return to work; and (d) doing such other things as may be prescribed. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 40 (1). Same, worker (2) The worker shall co-operate in his or her early and safe return to work by, (a) contacting his or her employer as soon as possible after the injury occurs and maintaining communication throughout the period of the worker’s recovery and impairment; (b) assisting the employer, as may be required or requested, to identify suitable employment that is available and consistent with the worker’s functional abilities and that, when possible, restores his or her pre-injury earnings; (c) giving the Board such information as the Board may request concerning the worker’s return to work; and (d) doing such other things as may be prescribed. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 40 (2). Same, construction industry (3) Employers engaged primarily in construction and workers who perform construction work shall co-operate in a worker’s early and safe return to work and shall do so in accordance with such requirements as may be prescribed. Subsections (1) and (2) do not apply with respect to those employers and workers. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 40 (3). Same, emergency workers (4) If an emergency worker is injured, the worker’s deemed employer is not required to comply with this section. The worker’s actual employer, if any, is required to do so. However, the deemed employer is required to pay the costs of the actual employer’s compliance with this section. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 40 (4). Certain volunteers (4.1) Subsection (4) applies with respect to a member of a municipal volunteer fire brigade or a volunteer ambulance brigade or an auxiliary member of a police service as though the person were an emergency worker. 2000, c. 26, Sched. I, s. 1 (2); 2002, c. 18, Sched. J, s. 5 (3); 2019, c. 1, Sched. 4, s. 66 (4). Board assistance, etc. (5) The Board may contact the employer and the worker to monitor their progress on returning the worker to work, to determine whether they are fulfilling their obligations to co-operate and to determine whether any assistance is required to facilitate the worker’s return to work. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 40 (5). Notice of dispute (6) The employer or the worker shall notify the Board of any difficulty or dispute concerning their co-operation with each other in the worker’s early and safe return to work. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 40 (6). Resolution of dispute (7) The Board shall attempt to resolve the dispute through mediation and, if mediation is not successful, shall decide the matter within 60 days after receiving the notice or within such longer period as the Board may determine. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 40 (7). Transition, vocational rehabilitation (8) Until this section applies to an employer and the workers employed by the employer, subsections 53 (1) to (3) of the Workers’ Compensation Act, as deemed to be amended by this Act, continue to apply with necessary modifications despite their repeal. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 40 (8). Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 1998, c. 36, s. 2 - 18/12/1998 2000, c. 26, Sched. I, s. 1 (2) - 01/01/1998 2002, c. 18, Sched. J, s. 5 (3) - 26/11/2002 2018, c. 3, Sched. 5, s. 68 (4) - no effect - see 2019, c. 1, Sched. 3, s. 5 - 26/03/2019 2019, c. 1, Sched. 4, s. 66 (4) - 01/04/2024 Obligation to re-employ 41 (1) The employer of a worker who has been unable to work as a result of an injury and who, on the date of the injury, had been employed continuously for at least one year by the employer shall offer to re-employ the worker in accordance with this section. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 41 (1). Exception (2) This section does not apply in respect of employers who regularly employ fewer than 20 workers or such classes of employers as may be prescribed. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 41 (2). Determinations re return to work (3) The Board may determine the following matters on its own initiative or shall determine them if the worker and the employer disagree about the fitness of the worker to return to work: 1. If the worker has not returned to work with the employer, the Board shall determine whether the worker is medically able to perform the essential duties of his or her pre-injury employment or to perform suitable work. 2. If the Board has previously determined that the worker is medically able to perform suitable work, the Board shall determine whether the worker is medically able to perform the essential duties of the worker’s pre-injury employment. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 41 (3). Obligation to re-employ (4) When the worker is medically able to perform the essential duties of his or her pre-injury employment, the employer shall, (a) offer to re-employ the worker in the position that the worker held on the date of injury; or (b) offer to provide the worker with alternative employment of a nature and at earnings comparable to the worker’s employment on the date of injury. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 41 (4). Same (5) When the worker is medically able to perform suitable work (although he or she is unable to perform the essential duties of his or her pre-injury employment), the employer shall offer the worker the first opportunity to accept suitable employment that may become available with the employer. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 41 (5). Duty to accommodate (6) The employer shall accommodate the work or the workplace for the worker to the extent that the accommodation does not cause the employer undue hardship. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 41 (6). Duration of obligation (7) The employer is obligated under this section until the earliest of, (a) the second anniversary of the date of injury; (b) one year after the worker is medically able to perform the essential duties of his or her pre-injury employment; and (c) the date on which the worker reaches 65 years of age. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 41 (7); 2000, c. 26, Sched. I, s. 1 (3). Construction industry requirements (8) Employers engaged primarily in construction shall comply with such requirements as may be prescribed concerning the re-employment of workers who perform construction work. The application of this subsection is not contingent on the length of a worker’s continuous employment as required under subsection (1). Subsections (2), (4) to (7) and (10) do not apply with respect to those workers and employers. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 41 (8). Transition (9) Until requirements referred to in subsection (8) are prescribed, subsection 54 (9) of the Workers’ Compensation Act and Ontario Regulation 259/92 continue to apply with necessary modifications to employers and workers referred to in subsection (8) despite the repeal of subsection 54 (9). 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 41 (9). Effect of termination (10) If an employer re-employs a worker in accordance with this section and then terminates the employment within six months, the employer is presumed not to have fulfilled the employer’s obligations under this section. The employer may rebut the presumption by showing that the termination of the worker’s employment was not related to the injury. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 41 (10). Determination re compliance (11) Upon the request of a worker or on its own initiative, the Board shall determine whether the employer has fulfilled the employer’s obligations to the worker under this section. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 41 (11). Restriction (12) The Board is not required to consider a request under subsection (11) by a worker who has been re-employed and whose employment is terminated within six months if the request is made more than three months after the date of termination of employment. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 41 (12). Failure to comply (13) If the Board decides that the employer has not fulfilled the employer’s obligations to the worker, the Board may, (a) levy a penalty on the employer not exceeding the amount of the worker’s net average earnings for the year preceding the injury; and (b) make payments to the worker for a maximum of one year as if the worker were entitled to payments under section 43 (loss of earnings). 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 41 (13). Same (14) A penalty payable under subsection (13) is an amount owing to the Board. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 41 (14). Conflict with collective agreement (15) If this section conflicts with a collective agreement that is binding upon the employer and if the employer’s obligations under this section afford the worker greater re-employment terms than does the collective agreement, this section prevails over the collective agreement. However, this subsection does not operate to displace the seniority provisions of the collective agreement. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 41 (15). Emergency workers (16) If an emergency worker is injured, the worker’s deemed employer is not required to comply with this section. The worker’s actual employer, if any, is required to do so. However, the deemed employer is required to pay the costs of the actual employer’s compliance with subsection (6). 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 41 (16). Certain volunteers (17) Subsection (16) applies with respect to a member of a municipal volunteer fire brigade or a volunteer ambulance brigade or an auxiliary member of a police service as though the person were an emergency worker. 2000, c. 26, Sched. I, s. 1 (4); 2002, c. 18, Sched. J, s. 5 (4); 2019, c. 1, Sched. 4, s. 66 (5). Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 1998, c. 36, s. 3 - 01/01/1998 2000, c. 26, Sched. I, s. 1 (3) - 06/12/2000; 2000, c. 26, Sched. I, s. 1 (4) - 01/01/1998 2002, c. 18, Sched. J, s. 5 (4) - 26/11/2002 2018, c. 3, Sched. 5, s. 68 (5) - no effect - see 2019, c. 1, Sched. 3, s. 5 - 26/03/2019 2019, c. 1, Sched. 4, s. 66 (5) - 01/04/2024 Labour market re-entry Labour market re-entry assessment 42 (1) The Board shall provide a worker with a labour market re-entry assessment if any of the following circumstances exist: 1. If it is unlikely that the worker will be re-employed by his or her employer because of the nature of the injury. 2. If the worker’s employer has been unable to arrange work for the worker that is consistent with the worker’s functional abilities and that restores the worker’s pre-injury earnings. 3. If the worker’s employer is not co-operating in the early and safe return to work of the worker. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 42 (1). Labour market re-entry plan (2) Based on the results of the assessment, the Board shall decide if a worker requires a labour market re-entry plan in order to enable the worker to re-enter the labour market and reduce or eliminate the loss of earnings that may result from the injury. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 42 (2). Suitable employment or business (3) In deciding whether a plan is required for a worker, the Board shall determine the employment or business that is suitable for the worker and is available. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 42 (3); 2007, c. 7, Sched. 41, s. 1 (1). Preparation of plan (4) The Board shall arrange for a plan to be prepared for a worker if the Board determines that the worker requires a labour market re-entry plan. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 42 (4). Consultation required (5) The labour market re-entry plan shall be prepared in consultation with, (a) the worker and, unless the Board considers it inappropriate to do so, the worker’s employer; and (b) the worker’s health practitioners if the Board considers it necessary to do so. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 42 (5). Contents of plan (6) The plan shall contain the steps necessary to enable the worker to re-enter the labour market in the employment or business that is suitable for the worker and is available. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 42 (6); 2007, c. 7, Sched. 41, s. 1 (2). Duty to co-operate (7) The worker shall co-operate in all aspects of the labour market re-entry assessment or plan provided to the worker. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 42 (7). Expenses (8) The Board shall pay such expenses related to the plan as the Board considers appropriate to enable the worker to re-enter the labour market. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 42 (8). Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2007, c. 7, Sched. 41, s. 1 (1, 2) - 01/07/2007 PART VI insured payments Compensation Payments for loss of earnings 43 (1) A worker who has a loss of earnings as a result of the injury is entitled to payments under this section beginning when the loss of earnings begins. The payments continue until the earliest of, (a) the day on which the worker’s loss of earnings ceases; (b) the day on which the worker reaches 65 years of age, if the worker was less than 63 years of age on the date of the injury; (c) two years after the date of the injury, if the worker was 63 years of age or older on the date of the injury; (d) the day on which the worker is no longer impaired as a result of the injury. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 43 (1). Amount (2) Subject to subsections (2.1), (2.2), (3) and (4), the amount of the payments is 85 per cent of the difference between, (a) the worker’s net average earnings before the injury; and (b) the net average earnings that the worker earns or is able to earn in suitable and available employment or business after the injury. 2017, c. 8, Sched. 33, s. 3 (1). Minimum amount, full loss of earnings (2.1) The minimum amount of the payments for full loss of earnings is the lesser of $22,904.44 and the worker’s net average earnings before the injury. 2017, c. 8, Sched. 33, s. 3 (1). Minimum amount, partial loss of earnings (2.2) The minimum amount of the payments for partial loss of earnings is, (a) if the worker’s net average earnings before the injury is less than $17,559.88, the difference between the worker’s net average earnings before the injury and the net average earnings that the worker earns or is able to earn in suitable and available employment or business after the injury; or (b) if the worker’s net average earnings before the injury is greater than or equal to $17,559.88, but 85 per cent of the worker’s net average earnings before the injury is less than $17,559.88, the higher of, (i) the difference between $17,559.88 and the net average earnings that the worker earns or is able to earn in suitable and available employment or business after the injury, and (ii) 85 per cent of the difference between the worker’s net average earnings before the injury and the net average earnings that the worker earns or is able to earn in suitable and available employment or business after the injury. 2017, c. 8, Sched. 33, s. 3 (2). Payments where co-operating (3) The amount of the payment is 85 per cent of the difference between his or her net average earnings before the injury and any net average earnings the worker earns after the injury, if the worker is co-operating in health care measures and, (a) his or her early and safe return to work; or (b) all aspects of a labour market re-entry assessment or plan. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 43 (3); 2000, c. 26, Sched. I, s. 1 (6). Earnings after injury (4) The Board shall determine the worker’s earnings after the injury to be the earnings that the worker is able to earn from the employment or business that is suitable for the worker under section 42 and is available and, (a) if the worker is provided with a labour market re-entry plan, the earnings shall be determined as of the date the worker completes the plan; or (b) if the Board decides that the worker does not require a labour market re-entry plan, the earnings shall be determined as of the date the Board makes the decision. 2007, c. 7, Sched. 41, s. 2 (2). Calculation of amount (5) The calculation of the amount of the payments is subject to the following rules: 1. The amount of the payment must be adjusted by the indexing factor for each January 1, beginning January 1, 2018. 2. The amount described in clause (2) (b) must reflect any disability payments paid to the worker under the Canada Pension Plan or the Quebec Pension Plan in respect of the injury. 2015, c. 38, Sched. 23, s. 1. (6) Repealed: 2015, c. 38, Sched. 23, s. 1. Failure to co-operate (7) The Board may reduce or suspend payments to the worker during any period when the worker is not co-operating, (a) in health care measures; (b) in his or her early and safe return to work; or (c) in all aspects of a labour market re-entry assessment or plan provided to the worker. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 43 (7). Transition, full loss of earnings (8) The following rules apply for the purpose of calculating amounts payable for full loss of earnings under this section for any period before January 1, 2017, regardless of when the Board determines that the worker is entitled to the amount: 1. The minimum amount for full loss of earnings set out in subsection (2) as it read on December 30, 2017, and as adjusted in accordance with section 51, as it read on December 31, 2017, continues to apply for the purpose of calculating amounts payable for full loss of earnings under this section for the calendar year in which the injury was sustained. 2. The minimum amount for full loss of earnings set out in subsection (2) as it read on December 30, 2017, and as adjusted in accordance with the alternate indexing factor described in subsection 50 (1), as it read on December 31, 2017, continues to apply for the purpose of calculating amounts payable for full loss of earnings under this section for subsequent years. 2017, c. 8, Sched. 33, s. 3 (3). Same, 2017 injury (9) The following rules apply for the purpose of calculating amounts payable for full loss of earnings under this section for injuries sustained between January 1, 2017 and December 31, 2017, regardless of when the Board determines that the worker is entitled to the amount: 1. The minimum amount for full loss of earnings set out in subsection (2) as it read on December 30, 2017, and as adjusted in accordance with section 51, as it read on December 31, 2017, continues to apply for the purpose of calculating amounts payable for full loss of earnings under this section for the 2017 calendar year. 2. For the purpose of calculating the January 1, 2018 annual adjustment to amounts payable required under section 52, the Board shall calculate the amount payable using the minimum amount for full loss of earnings set out in subsection (2.1). 2017, c. 8, Sched. 33, s. 3 (3). Transition, partial loss of earnings (10) Any payments made for partial loss of earnings under this section for any period before January 1, 2018 that were calculated in the manner described in subsection (11) are not invalid solely on the ground that they were calculated in that manner, and there is no right to object to or appeal a decision, or to commence an action or other legal proceeding on that ground alone. 2017, c. 8, Sched. 33, s. 3 (4). Same (11) The amounts payable were calculated in accordance with the rules respecting the determination of the minimum amount of payments for partial loss of earnings, as set out in subsection (2.2), with the following modifications: 1. The calculations were based on a dollar amount of $15,312.51, as of January 1, 1998. 2. The dollar amount set out in paragraph 1 was adjusted annually in accordance with section 51, as it read on December 31, 2017. 2017, c. 8, Sched. 33, s. 3 (4). Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2000, c. 26, Sched. I, s. 1 (5) - 01/01/1998; 2000, c. 26, Sched. I, s. 1 (6) - 06/12/2000 2007, c. 7, Sched. 41, s. 2 (1, 2) - 01/07/2007 2015, c. 38, Sched. 23, s. 1 - 01/01/2018 2017, c. 8, Sched. 33, s. 3 (1) - 31/12/2017; 2017, c. 8, Sched. 33, s. 3 (2, 4) - 17/05/2017; 2017, c. 8, Sched. 33, s. 3 (3) - 01/01/2018 Review re loss of earnings 44 (1) Every year or if a material change in circumstances occurs, the Board may review payments to a worker for loss of earnings and may confirm, vary or discontinue the payments. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 44 (1). No review after 72-month period (2) Subject to subsection (2.1), the Board shall not review the payments more than 72 months after the date of the worker’s injury. 2002, c. 18, Sched. J, s. 5 (5). Exception (2.1) The Board may review the payments more than 72 months after the date of the worker’s injury if, (a) before the 72-month period expires, the worker fails to notify the Board of a material change in circumstances or engages in fraud or misrepresentation in connection with his or her claim for benefits under the insurance plan; (b) the worker was provided with a labour market re-entry plan and the plan is not completed when the 72-month period expires; (c) after the 72-month period expires, the worker suffers a significant deterioration in his or her condition that results in a redetermination of the degree of the permanent impairment under section 47; (d) after the 72-month period expires, the worker suffers a significant deterioration in his or her condition that results in a determination of a permanent impairment under section 47; (e) after the 72-month period expires, the worker suffers a significant deterioration in his or her condition that is likely, in the Board’s opinion, to result in a redetermination of the degree of permanent impairment under section 47; (f) after the 72-month period expires, the worker suffers a significant temporary deterioration in his or her condition that is related to the injury; or (g) when the 72-month period expires, (i) the worker and the employer are co-operating in the worker’s early and safe return to work in accordance with section 40, or (ii) the worker is co-operating in health care measures in accordance with section 34. 2002, c. 18, Sched. J, s. 5 (5); 2007, c. 7, Sched. 41, s. 3 (1, 2). Time for review when clause (2.1) (a) applies (2.2) If clause (2.1) (a) applies, the Board may review the payments at any time. 2002, c. 18, Sched. J, s. 5 (5). Time for review when clause (2.1) (b) applies (2.3) If clause (2.1) (b) applies, the Board may review the payments, (a) within the 30 days after the date on which the plan is completed; and (b) at any time, if the worker, at any time on or before the day that is 30 days after the date on which the plan is completed, fails to notify the Board of a material change in circumstances, or engages in fraud or misrepresentation in connection with his or her claim for benefits under the insurance plan. 2002, c. 18, Sched. J, s. 5 (5). Time for review when clause (2.1) (c) applies (2.4) If clause (2.1) (c) applies, the Board may review the payments, (a) within the 24 months after the date on which it redetermines the degree of permanent impairment; (a.1) within 30 days after the date on which the labour market re-entry plan is completed, where the Board redetermines the degree of permanent impairment of a worker who was provided with a labour market re-entry plan that is not completed when the 24-month period in clause (a) expires; and (b) at any time, if the worker, at any time on or before the day on which the Board reviews the payments under clause (a), fails to notify the Board of a material change in circumstances, or engages in fraud or misrepresentation in connection with his or her claim for benefits under the insurance plan. 2002, c. 18, Sched. J, s. 5 (5); 2007, c. 7, Sched. 41, s. 3 (3). Time for review when clause (2.1) (d) applies (2.4.1) If clause (2.1) (d) applies, the Board may review the payments, (a) within 24 months after the date on which the Board determines the degree of permanent impairment under section 47; and (b) within 30 days after the date on which the labour market re-entry plan is completed, where the Board determines the degree of permanent impairment of a worker who was provided with a labour market re-entry plan that is not completed when the 24-month period in clause (a) expires. 2007, c. 7, Sched. 41, s. 3 (4). Time for review when clause (2.1) (e) applies (2.4.2) If clause (2.1) (e) applies, the Board may review the payments during the period that begins on the day the Board determines that the significant deterioration in the worker’s condition is likely to result in a redetermination of the degree of permanent impairment and ends on the day it makes the redetermination or determines that no redetermination shall be made. 2007, c. 7, Sched. 41, s. 3 (4). Time for review when clause (2.1) (f) applies (2.4.3) If clause (2.1) (f) applies, the Board may review the payments, (a) at any time it considers appropriate in the period during which the worker is suffering a significant temporary deterioration in his or her condition; and (b) when it determines that the worker has recovered from the significant temporary deterioration in his or her condition. 2007, c. 7, Sched. 41, s. 3 (4). Time for review when clause (2.1) (g) applies (2.4.4) If clause (2.1) (g) applies, the Board may review the payments up to 24 months after the date of the expiry of the 72-month period. 2007, c. 7, Sched. 41, s. 3 (4). Additional review (2.4.5) The Board may review the payments at any time, (a) in a case to which clause (2.4) (a.1) or (2.4.1) (b) applies, if the worker, at any time on or before the day that is 30 days after the date on which the labour market re-entry plan is completed, fails to notify the Board of a material change in circumstances, or engages in fraud or misrepresentation in connection with his or her claim for benefits under the insurance plan; (b) in a case to which clause (2.4.1) (a) or subsection (2.4.2), (2.4.3) or (2.4.4) applies, if the worker, at any time on or before the day on which the Board reviews the payments under that clause or subsection, fails to notify the Board of a material change in circumstances, or engages in fraud or misrepresentation in connection with his or her claim for benefits under the insurance plan. 2007, c. 7, Sched. 41, s. 3 (4). Transition (2.5) Clause (2.1) (b) and subsection (2.3) apply with respect to, (a) a worker who has been provided with a labour market re-entry plan that is not completed before November 26, 2002; (b) a worker who is provided with a labour market re-entry plan on or after November 26, 2002. 2007, c. 7, Sched. 41, s. 3 (5). Same (2.6) Clauses (2.1) (c) and (2.4) (a) and (b) apply with respect to a worker whose degree of permanent impairment is redetermined by the Board on or after November 26, 2002. 2007, c. 7, Sched. 41, s. 3 (5). Same (2.7) Clauses (2.1) (c) and (2.4) (a.1) apply with respect to a worker whose degree of permanent impairment is redetermined by the Board on or after July 1, 2007. 2007, c. 7, Sched. 41, s. 3 (5). Same (2.8) Clauses (2.1) (d) and (e) and subsections (2.4.1) and (2.4.2) apply with respect to, (a) a worker who, on or after July 1, 2007, is suffering a significant deterioration in his or her condition that began after the 72-month period expired and that, (i) results in a determination of the degree of permanent impairment under section 47, or (ii) in the Board’s opinion, is likely to result in a redetermination of the degree of permanent impairment under section 47; (b) a worker who is provided with a labour market re-entry plan that is not completed before July 1, 2007; and (c) a worker who is provided with a labour market re-entry plan on or after July 1, 2007. 2007, c. 7, Sched. 41, s. 3 (5). Same (2.9) Clause (2.1) (f) and subsection (2.4.3) apply with respect to a worker who, on or after July 1, 2007, is suffering a significant temporary deterioration in his or her condition that began after the 72-month period expired. 2007, c. 7, Sched. 41, s. 3 (5). Same (2.10) Clause (2.1) (g) and subsection (2.4.4) apply with respect to a worker if the 72-month period expires before July 1, 2007. 2007, c. 7, Sched. 41, s. 3 (5). Adjustments prospective (2.11) Nothing in this section entitles a person to claim an adjustment of a loss of earning payment made under clauses (2.1) (c) and (2.4) (a.1) in respect of a period before July 1, 2007. 2007, c. 7, Sched. 41, s. 3 (5). Same (2.12) Nothing in this section entitles a person to claim an adjustment of a loss of earning payment made under clause (2.1) (d), (e), (f) or (g) in respect of a period before July 1, 2007. 2007, c. 7, Sched. 41, s. 3 (5). Same, certain older workers (3) A worker may direct the Board not to review the payments for loss of earnings, (a) if the worker is 55 years old or more when the Board determines that he or she is entitled to payments for loss of earnings; (b) if he or she has reached maximum medical recovery; and (c) if a labour market re-entry plan for the worker has been completed. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 44 (3); 2002, c. 18, Sched. J, s. 5 (6). Same (4) The direction must be given within 30 days after the later of, (a) the date on which the worker reaches maximum medical recovery; and (b) the date on which the worker’s labour market re-entry plan is completed. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 44 (4); 2002, c. 18, Sched. J, s. 5 (7). Effect of direction (5) If the worker gives the direction to the Board, he or she is entitled to receive the payments until he or she reaches 65 years of age. The direction is irrevocable. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 44 (5). Same (6) If the worker gives the direction to the Board, the Board shall review payments to the worker only if, before the direction was given, the worker failed to notify the Board of a material change in circumstances or engaged in fraud or misrepresentation in connection with his or her claim for benefits under the insurance plan. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 44 (6). Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2002, c. 18, Sched. J, s. 5 (5-7) - 26/11/2002 2007, c. 7, Sched. 41, s. 3 (1-5) - 01/07/2007 Payments for loss of retirement income 45 (1) This section applies with respect to a worker who is receiving payments under the insurance plan for loss of earnings. However, it does not apply with respect to a worker who was 64 years of age or older on the date of the injury. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 45 (1). Amount set aside (2) If a worker has received payments for loss of earnings for 12 continuous months, the Board shall set aside for him or her an amount equal to 5 per cent of every subsequent payment to him or her for loss of earnings. (Payments made under section 65 to another person shall be deemed to have been made to the worker.) 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 45 (2). Contribution by worker (3) If amounts are being set aside for a worker under subsection (2), he or she may elect to contribute an amount equal to 5 per cent of every payment to him or her for loss of earnings. The election is irrevocable and must be in writing in a form approved by the Board. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 45 (3). Same (4) If the worker makes the election under subsection (3), the Board shall deduct the worker’s contribution from each payment to him or her for loss of earnings. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 45 (4). Entitlement to benefit (5) When the worker reaches 65 years of age, he or she is entitled to receive a retirement benefit under this section. The amount of the benefit is the sum of the amount set aside by the Board and the contribution by the worker, if any, plus the accumulated investment income on those amounts. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 45 (5). Payment scheme (6) The worker may select the payment scheme for the benefit from among such schemes and subject to such restrictions as may be prescribed. 2011, c. 1, Sched. 7, s. 3 (4). Lump sum (6.1) Despite subsection (6), the Board shall pay the benefit as a lump sum if, (a) in the case of a worker who reaches the age of 65 before the specified date, the amount of the benefit is less than $3,000 per year; (b) in the case of a worker who reaches the age of 65 on or after the specified date, the amount of the benefit is less than or equal to the maximum amount of average earnings determined under section 54 for the year in which the worker reaches the age of 65. 2011, c. 1, Sched. 7, s. 3 (4). Specified date (6.2) For the purpose of subsection (6.1), the specified date is the day that is one month after the day the Good Government Act, 2011 receives Royal Assent. 2011, c. 1, Sched. 7, s. 3 (4). Prescribed benefits – survivors (7) When the worker dies, his or her survivors are entitled to the prescribed benefits in respect of amounts set aside for the worker under subsection (2). However, a survivor who receives benefits under section 48 is not entitled to benefits under this subsection. 2002, c. 18, Sched. J, s. 5 (8). Prescribed benefits – beneficiary or estate (7.1) If the worker has no survivors and has designated a beneficiary, the beneficiary is entitled to the prescribed benefits. If the worker has not designated a beneficiary, the worker’s estate is entitled to the prescribed benefits. 2002, c. 18, Sched. J, s. 5 (8). No entitlement to prescribed benefits (7.2) If there is no entitlement to the prescribed benefits under subsection (7) or (7.1), the Board shall remove from the fund maintained under subsection (12) the amounts set aside for the worker and the accumulated investment income on the amounts, and shall transfer the total, (a) to the worker’s employer, if it is a Schedule 2 employer that is individually liable to pay benefits with respect to the worker under the insurance plan; or (b) in any other case, to the insurance fund. 2002, c. 18, Sched. J, s. 5 (8). Application (7.3) Subsections (7) to (7.2) apply in respect of any worker who dies on or after January 1, 1998. 2002, c. 18, Sched. J, s. 5 (8). Same (8) The amount of the benefits under subsection (7) shall be based on the amounts set aside for the worker plus the accumulated investment income on the amounts. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 45 (8). Same, worker’s contributions (9) When the worker dies, his or her survivors are entitled to the prescribed benefits in respect of amounts contributed by the worker under subsection (3). If there are no survivors, the beneficiary designated by the worker or (if no beneficiary is designated) the worker’s estate is entitled to the benefits under this subsection. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 45 (9). Same (10) The amount of the benefits under subsection (9) shall be based on the amounts contributed by the worker plus the accumulated investment income on the amounts. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 45 (10). Annual statements (11) The Board shall provide the worker with an annual statement setting out, (a) the amounts set aside by the Board in the worker’s name in the year; (b) the amounts contributed by the worker in the year, if any; (c) the accumulated investment income earned on the amounts referred to in clauses (a) and (b) in the year; (d) the date when the worker will become entitled to a benefit; (e) the name of any designated beneficiary; and (f) such other information as the Board considers appropriate. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 45 (11); 1999, c. 6, s. 67 (9); 2001, c. 9, Sched. I, s. 4 (1). Benefit fund (12) The Board shall maintain a fund into which the amounts set aside under subsection (2) or contributed under subsection (3) shall be deposited. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 45 (12). Investment (13) Subsections 97 (4) to (7) apply with respect to the investment of money in the fund. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 45 (13). Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 1999, c. 6, s. 67 (9) - 01/03/2000 2000, c. 26, Sched. I, s. 1 (7) - 01/01/1998 2001, c. 9, Sched. I, s. 4 (1) - 29/06/2001 2002, c. 18, Sched. J, s. 5 (8) - 15/03/2003 2007, c. 7, Sched. 41, s. 4 - 01/07/2007 2011, c. 1, Sched. 7, s. 3 (4) - 30/03/2011 Compensation for non-economic loss 46 (1) If a worker’s injury results in permanent impairment, the worker is entitled to compensation under this section for his or her non-economic loss. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 46 (1). Amount (2) The amount of the compensation is calculated by multiplying the percentage of the worker’s permanent impairment from the injury (as determined by the Board) and, (a) $59,095.26 plus $1,313.71 for each year by which the worker’s age at the time of the injury was less than 45; or (b) $59,095.26 less $1,313.71 for each year by which the worker’s age at the time of the injury was greater than 45. However, the maximum amount to be multiplied by the percentage of the worker’s impairment is $85,359.27 and the minimum amount is $32,831.21. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 46 (2); 2017, c. 8, Sched. 33, s. 4 (1). Lump sum or monthly payment (3) If the worker becomes entitled to compensation under this section before the specified date, the following rules apply to the payment of the compensation: 1. If the amount of the compensation is greater than $13,132.01, it is payable as a monthly payment for the life of the worker. If it is $13,132.01 or less, it is payable as a lump sum. 2. Despite paragraph 1, the worker may elect to receive as a lump sum an amount that would otherwise be payable monthly if he or she does so within 30 days after receiving notice of the amount from the Board. 2011, c. 1, Sched. 7, s. 3 (5); 2017, c. 8, Sched. 33, s. 4 (2). Same (4) If the worker becomes entitled to compensation under this section on or after the specified date, the compensation is payable as a lump sum unless the following conditions are satisfied: 1. The amount of compensation is greater than $13,132.01. 2. The worker elects, within 30 days after receiving notice of the amount from the Board, to receive it as a monthly payment for his or her life. 2011, c. 1, Sched. 7, s. 3 (5); 2017, c. 8, Sched. 33, s. 4 (3). Specified date (5) For the purpose of subsections (3) and (4), the specified date is the day the Good Government Act, 2011 receives Royal Assent. 2011, c. 1, Sched. 7, s. 3 (5). Election (6) An election described in subsection (3) or (4) is irrevocable. 2011, c. 1, Sched. 7, s. 3 (5). Transition (7) The amount of compensation payable to a worker under this section for non-economic loss for any period before January 1, 2018 shall be calculated using the amounts set out in this section as it read on December 30, 2017, and as adjusted in accordance with section 51, as it read on December 31, 2017, regardless of when the Board determines that the worker is entitled to the amount. 2017, c. 8, Sched. 33, s. 4 (4). Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2000, c. 26, Sched. I, s. 1 (8) - 01/01/1998 2011, c. 1, Sched. 7, s. 3 (5) - 30/03/2011 2017, c. 8, Sched. 33, s. 4 (1-3) - 31/12/2017; 2017, c. 8, Sched. 33, s. 4 (4) - 01/01/2018 Degree of permanent impairment 47 (1) If a worker suffers permanent impairment as a result of the injury, the Board shall determine the degree of his or her permanent impairment expressed as a percentage of total permanent impairment. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 47 (1). Same (2) The determination must be made in accordance with the prescribed rating schedule (or, if the schedule does not provide for the impairment, the prescribed criteria) and, (a) having regard to medical assessments, if any, conducted under this section; and (b) having regard to the health information about the worker on file with the Board. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 47 (2). Medical assessment (3) The Board may require a worker to undergo a medical assessment after he or she reaches maximum medical recovery. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 47 (3). Selection of physician (4) The worker shall select a physician from a roster maintained by the Board to perform the assessment. If the worker does not make the selection within 30 days after the Board gives the worker a copy of the roster, the Board shall select the physician. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 47 (4).

Same (5) The physician who is selected to perform the assessment shall examine the worker and assess the extent of his or her permanent impairment. When performing the assessment, the physician shall consider any reports by the worker’s treating health professional. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 47 (5). Report (6) The physician shall promptly give the Board a report on the assessment. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 47 (6). Worker and employer to receive copies (7) The Board shall give a copy of the report to the worker and to the employer who employed him or her on the date of the injury. 2011, c. 1, Sched. 7, s. 3 (6). Notice (7.1) Despite subsection (7), before giving the employer a copy of the report, the Board shall notify the worker that the Board proposes to do so and shall give him or her an opportunity to object to the disclosure, and subsections 59 (2) to (6) apply with necessary modifications. 2011, c. 1, Sched. 7, s. 3 (6). Request to reassess (8) The Board may request a physician to perform a second assessment of the worker if the Board considers the initial assessment or the report on it to be incomplete or inaccurate. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 47 (8). Request for redetermination (9) If the degree of the worker’s permanent impairment is greater than zero and if the worker suffers a significant deterioration in his or her condition, the worker may request that the Board redetermine the degree of the permanent impairment. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 47 (9). Restriction (10) The worker is not entitled to request a redetermination until 12 months have elapsed since the most recent determination by the Board concerning the degree of his or her impairment. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 47 (10). Redetermination (11) Subsections (1) to (8) apply with respect to the redetermination. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 47 (11). Payment for medical assessments (12) The Board shall pay the physician for performing the medical assessment and providing the report and shall fix the amount to be paid to him or her. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 47 (12). Permanent impairment (13) For the purposes of this Act, a worker shall be deemed not to have a permanent impairment if the degree of his or her permanent impairment is determined to be zero. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 47 (13). Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2011, c. 1, Sched. 7, s. 3 (6) - 30/03/2011 Death benefits 48 (1) This section applies when a worker’s death results from an injury for which the worker would otherwise have been entitled to benefits under the insurance plan. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 48 (1). Spouse lump sum payment (2) A surviving spouse who was cohabiting with the worker at the time of the worker’s death is entitled to payment of a lump sum of $80,673.30, (a) plus $2,016.83 for each year by which the spouse’s age on the date of the worker’s death is less than 40; or (b) minus $2,016.83 for each year by which the spouse’s age at the date of the worker’s death is greater than 40. However, the maximum amount payable under this subsection is $121,009.87 and the minimum amount is $40,336.60. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 48 (2); 1999, c. 6, s. 67 (10); 2005, c. 5, s. 73 (9); 2017, c. 8, Sched. 33, s. 5 (1). Periodic payment to spouse, no children (3) If the deceased worker is survived by a spouse who was cohabiting with the worker at the time of the worker’s death, but no children, the spouse is entitled to be paid, by periodic payments, 40 per cent of the deceased worker’s net average earnings, (a) plus 1 per cent of the net average earnings for each year by which the spouse’s age on the date of the worker’s death is greater than 40; or (b) minus 1 per cent of the net average earnings for each year by which the spouse’s age on the date of the worker’s death is less than 40. However, the maximum percentage payable under this subsection is 60 per cent and the minimum percentage is 20 per cent. If the deceased worker’s net average earnings are less than $22,904.44, they shall be deemed to be $22,904.44. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 48 (3); 1999, c. 6, s. 67 (11); 2005, c. 5, s. 73 (10); 2017, c. 8, Sched. 33, s. 5 (2). Periodic payment to spouse with children (4) If the deceased worker is survived by a spouse and one or more children, the spouse is entitled to be paid, by periodic payments, 85 per cent of the deceased worker’s net average earnings until the youngest child reaches 19 years of age. However, the minimum amount payable under this subsection is $22,904.44 per year. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 48 (4); 1999, c. 6, s. 67 (12); 2005, c. 5, s. 73 (11); 2017, c. 8, Sched. 33, s. 5 (3). Exception (5) Subsection (4) does not apply if the Board determines that the spouse and the children do not reside together or that the children are not in the custody or in the care and control of the spouse. In those circumstances, the Board shall apportion the amount otherwise payable under subsection (4) in a manner that the Board considers appropriate among the children, the spouse and any other person who has the care, control or custody of the children. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 48 (5); 1999, c. 6, s. 67 (13); 2005, c. 5, s. 73 (12). Same (6) Subject to subsection (19), a spouse who ceases to be entitled to payments under subsection (4) becomes entitled to payments under subsection (3) as if the worker had died immediately after the day on which the youngest child reached 19 years of age. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 48 (6); 1999, c. 6, s. 67 (14); 2005, c. 5, s. 73 (13). Separated spouse (7) If, immediately before his or her death, the deceased worker was required to make support or maintenance payments under a separation agreement or judicial order to a person who had been his or her spouse, the person is entitled to benefits under this section as a spouse. Despite the absence of a separation agreement or judicial order, the Board may pay benefits under this section to a person who had been a spouse of the deceased worker as if he or she were a spouse if the person was dependent on the worker at the time of the worker’s death. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 48 (7); 1999, c. 6, s. 67 (15); 2005, c. 5, s. 73 (14). Apportionment among spouses (8) If there is more than one person entitled to payments under this section as a spouse of the deceased worker, the following rules apply: 1. The total lump sum payments to the spouses must not exceed $121,009.87. 2. The total periodic payments to the spouses must not exceed 85 per cent of the deceased worker’s net average earnings. 3. The Board shall apportion the payments among the spouses in accordance with, i. the relative degree of financial and emotional dependance of each spouse on the deceased worker at the time of death, ii. the period of separation, if any, of each spouse from the deceased worker at the time of death, and iii. the size of the relative entitlements of those so entitled without reference to this subsection. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 48 (8); 1999, c. 6, s. 67 (16); 2005, c. 5, s. 73 (15); 2017, c. 8, Sched. 33, s. 5 (4). Labour market re-entry plan for spouse (9) Upon request, the Board shall provide a spouse with a labour market re-entry assessment. The request must be made within one year after the death of the worker. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 48 (9); 1999, c. 6, s. 67 (17); 2005, c. 5, s. 73 (16). Same (10) Subsections 42 (2) to (8) apply with necessary modifications with respect to the labour market re-entry plan. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 48 (10). Same (11) If the spouse fails to comply with subsection 42 (7), the Board may discontinue the provision of a labour market re-entry assessment or plan. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 48 (11); 1999, c. 6, s. 67 (18); 2000, c. 26, Sched. I, s. 1 (9); 2005, c. 5, s. 73 (17). Bereavement counselling (12) Upon request, the Board may pay for bereavement counselling for the spouse or the children of the worker. The request must be received within one year after the worker’s death. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 48 (12); 1999, c. 6, s. 67 (19); 2005, c. 5, s. 73 (18). Lump sum payment to dependent children, no spouse (13) If there is no spouse when the worker dies and if the deceased worker is survived by one or more dependent children, the dependent children as a class are entitled to payment of a lump sum of $80,673.30. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 48 (13); 1999, c. 6, s. 67 (20); 2005, c. 5, s. 73 (19); 2017, c. 8, Sched. 33, s. 5 (5). Periodic payment to dependent children, no spouse (14) If there is no spouse or if the spouse dies and the deceased worker is survived by only one dependent child, the dependent child is entitled to be paid, by periodic payments, 30 per cent of the deceased worker’s net average earnings. However, if the deceased worker’s net average earnings are less than $22,904.44, they shall be deemed to be $22,904.44. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 48 (14); 1999, c. 6, s. 67 (21); 2005, c. 5, s. 73 (20); 2017, c. 8, Sched. 33, s. 5 (6). Same (15) If there is no spouse or if the spouse dies and the deceased worker is survived by more than one dependent child, the dependent children as a class are entitled to be paid, by periodic payments, 30 per cent of the deceased worker’s net average earnings plus 10 per cent of the net average earnings for each dependent child, except one child. However, if the deceased worker’s net average earnings are less than $22,904.44 they shall be deemed to be $22,904.44 and the total amount payable under this subsection shall not exceed 85 per cent of the net average earnings of the worker at the time of the accident. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 48 (15); 1999, c. 6, s. 67 (22); 2005, c. 5, s. 73 (21); 2017, c. 8, Sched. 33, s. 5 (7). Cessation of payments for children (16) Periodic payments in respect of a child cease when the child reaches 19 years of age, except in the circumstances described in subsections (17) and (18). 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 48 (16). Periodic payments, education of children (17) If the Board is satisfied that it is advisable for a child over 19 years of age to continue his or her education, the child is entitled to be paid, by periodic payments, 10 per cent of the deceased worker’s net average earnings until such time as the Board considers appropriate. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 48 (17). Periodic payments, incapable children (18) Periodic payments in respect of a child who is physically or mentally incapable of earning wages continue until the child is able to earn wages or until his or her death. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 48 (18). Maximum payable to spouse and children (19) The total periodic payments to the spouse and the children of the deceased worker must not exceed 85 per cent of the deceased worker’s net average earnings. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 48 (19); 1999, c. 6, s. 67 (23); 2005, c. 5, s. 73 (22). Parent (not spouse) (20) Despite subsections (14) and (15), the following rules apply if one or more children who are entitled to payments under this section are being maintained by a parent who is not the spouse of the deceased worker or by another person who is acting in the role of parent: 1. The parent or other person is entitled to receive the periodic payments to which a spouse of the deceased worker would be entitled under subsection (4). 2. In the circumstances described in paragraph 1, the payments to the parent or other person with respect to the children are in lieu of the periodic payments to which the children would otherwise be entitled under this section. 3. If there is more than one individual who is a parent or other person and if there is more than one child, the Board shall apportion the payments. 4. The total periodic payments under this subsection must not exceed 85 per cent of the deceased worker’s net average earnings. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 48 (20); 1999, c. 6, s. 67 (24); 2005, c. 5, s. 73 (23); 2021, c. 4, Sched. 11, s. 42 (4). Dependants, no spouse or children (21) If the deceased worker has no spouse or children but is survived by other dependants, the dependants are entitled to reasonable compensation proportionate to the loss occasioned to each of them. The following rules apply with respect to that compensation: 1. The Board shall determine the amount of the compensation. 2. The total periodic payments to the dependants must not exceed 50 per cent of the deceased worker’s net average earnings. 3. The periodic payments to a dependant are payable only as long as the worker could have been reasonably expected to continue to support the dependant if the deceased worker had not suffered injury. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 48 (21); 1999, c. 6, s. 67 (25); 2005, c. 5, s. 73 (24). Burial expenses (22) The Board shall determine and pay the necessary expenses of burial or cremation of the deceased worker, paying at least $3,025.25. If, because of the circumstances of the case, the worker’s body is transported a considerable distance for burial or cremation, the Board may also pay the necessary transportation costs. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 48 (22); 2017, c. 8, Sched. 33, s. 5 (8). Deductions for CPP and QPP payments (23) In calculating the compensation payable by way of periodic payments under this section, the Board shall have regard to any payments of survivor benefits for death caused by injury that are received under the Canada Pension Plan or the Quebec Pension Plan in respect of the deceased worker. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 48 (23). Net average earnings (24) For the purposes of this section, the deceased worker’s net average earnings are to be determined as of the date of the injury to the worker. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 48 (24). Transition (25) The amount of a payment payable to a person under this section for any period before January 1, 2018 shall be calculated using the amounts set out in this section as it read on December 30, 2017, and as adjusted in accordance with the alternate indexing factor described in subsection 50 (1), as it read on December 31, 2017, regardless of when the Board determines that the person is entitled to the amount. 2017, c. 8, Sched. 33, s. 5 (9). Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 1999, c. 6, s. 67 (10-25) - 01/03/2000 2000, c. 26, Sched. I, s. 1 (9) - 01/01/1998 2005, c. 5, s. 73 (9-24) - 09/03/2005 2017, c. 8, Sched. 33, s. 5 (1-8) - 31/12/2017; 2017, c. 8, Sched. 33, s. 5 (9) - 01/01/2018 2021, c. 4, Sched. 11, s. 42 (4) - 19/04/2021 Average earnings — death benefits Application 48.1 (1) This section applies to payments payable under section 48 as a result of a worker’s injury that occurred on or after January 1, 1998. 2015, c. 34, Sched. 3, s. 2. Determination of average earnings (2) Despite section 53 and the minimum amounts set out in subsections 48 (3), (14) and (15), for the purpose of determining amounts payable under section 48, the Board may, in such circumstances as it considers appropriate, determine the amount of a deceased worker’s average earnings taking into account the average earnings at the time of the worker’s injury of a person engaged in the same trade, occupation, profession or calling as the worker was engaged in and out of which the worker’s injury arose. 2015, c. 34, Sched. 3, s. 2. Reconsideration of Board decision (3) Despite section 121, if, before the day the Employment and Labour Statute Law Amendment Act, 2015 receives Royal Assent, a worker or his or her survivor filed a claim in respect of an injury that resulted in the worker’s death and the Board made a decision that involved the determination of average earnings for the purposes of section 48, and if the survivor requests that the Board reconsider its decision, the Board shall do so in accordance with subsection (2). 2015, c. 34, Sched. 3, s. 2. Refiled claims (4) If, before the day the Employment and Labour Statute Law Amendment Act, 2015 receives Royal Assent, a worker or his or her survivor filed a claim in respect of an injury that resulted in the worker’s death and the Appeals Tribunal made a decision that involved a determination by the Board of average earnings for the purposes of section 48, the survivor may refile the claim with the Board, and the Board shall decide the claim in accordance with subsection (2). 2015, c. 34, Sched. 3, s. 2. Time limits (5) The time limits in subsections 22 (1) and (2) do not apply in respect of a claim that is refiled under subsection (4). 2015, c. 34, Sched. 3, s. 2. Pending appeal (6) If, on the day the Employment and Labour Statute Law Amendment Act, 2015 receives Royal Assent, a claim for payments payable under section 48 is pending before the Appeals Tribunal, the Appeals Tribunal shall refer the claim back to the Board, and the Board shall decide the claim in accordance with subsection (2). 2015, c. 34, Sched. 3, s. 2. Pending claim (7) If, on the day the Employment and Labour Statute Law Amendment Act, 2015 receives Royal Assent, a claim for payments payable under section 48 is pending before the Board, the Board shall decide the claim in accordance with subsection (2). 2015, c. 34, Sched. 3, s. 2. Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2015, c. 34, Sched. 3, s. 2 - 10/12/2015 Annual Adjustments Indexing factor 49 (1) Subject to subsection (2), on January 1 of every year, an indexing factor shall be calculated that is equal to the amount of the percentage change in the Consumer Price Index for Canada for all items, for the 12-month period ending on October 31 of the previous year, as published by Statistics Canada. 2015, c. 38, Sched. 23, s. 2. Same, minimum (2) The indexing factor calculated under subsection (1) shall not be less than 0 per cent. 2015, c. 38, Sched. 23, s. 2. Application (3) The indexing factor applies with respect to the calculation of all amounts payable under this Part. 2015, c. 38, Sched. 23, s. 2. Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2007, c. 7, Sched. 41, s. 5 - 01/07/2007 2015, c. 38, Sched. 23, s. 2 - 01/01/2018 50 Repealed: 2015, c. 38, Sched. 23, s. 3. Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2015, c. 38, Sched. 23, s. 3 - 01/01/2018 Indexation of amounts in the Act 51 (1) On January 1 every year, the amounts set out in this Act (as adjusted on the preceding January 1) shall be adjusted by the amount of the indexing factor described in subsection 49 (1). 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 51 (1); 2015, c. 38, Sched. 23, s. 4 (1). (1.1) Repealed: 2015, c. 38, Sched. 23, s. 4 (2). Exceptions (2) Subsection (1) does not apply with respect to the amounts established in subsection 158 (1). 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 51 (2); 2000, c. 26, Sched. I, s. 1 (10). Payments made prior to 2018 (2.1) Any payments made before January 1, 2018 that were calculated using an amount set out in this Act that was required to be adjusted in accordance with this section, as it read on December 31, 2017, but that was instead adjusted in accordance with the alternate indexing factor described in subsection 50 (1), as it read on December 31, 2017, are not invalid solely on the ground that the amount used to calculate the payment was not adjusted as required in accordance with this section, as it read on December 31, 2017, and there is no right to object to or appeal a decision, or to commence an action or other legal proceeding on that ground alone. 2017, c. 8, Sched. 33, s. 6. (3)-(7) Repealed: 2015, c. 38, Sched. 23, s. 4 (2). Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2000, c. 26, Sched. I, s. 1 (10) - 06/12/2000 2007, c. 7, Sched. 41, s. 6 - 01/07/2007 2015, c. 38, Sched. 23, s. 4 (1, 2) - 01/01/2018 2017, c. 8, Sched. 33, s. 6 - 17/05/2017 Annual adjustment of amounts payable 52 On January 1 every year, the Board shall adjust the amounts payable under this Part by applying the indexing factor to the amounts payable as adjusted on the preceding January 1. 2015, c. 38, Sched. 23, s. 5. Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2007, c. 7, Sched. 41, s. 7 (1, 2) - 01/07/2007 2015, c. 38, Sched. 23, s. 5 - 01/01/2018 Additional indexing factor 52.0.1 (1) If an additional indexing factor is prescribed for the purposes of this section, on the prescribed date, the Board shall, (a) adjust the amounts that were adjusted under subsection 51 (1) and section 52 by the prescribed additional indexing factor; or (b) if the amounts that were adjusted under subsection 51 (1) and section 52 were previously adjusted by a prescribed additional indexing factor in the same calendar year, adjust the amounts previously adjusted by the most recently prescribed additional indexing factor. 2024, c. 3, Sched. 4, s. 3. Same, January 1 (2) If the date prescribed for the purposes of subsection (1) is January 1, the Board may add the prescribed additional indexing factor to the indexing factor described in subsection 49 (1) and apply them to the amounts to be adjusted in a single calculation. 2024, c. 3, Sched. 4, s. 3. Same, new claims (3) If the date prescribed for the purposes of subsection (1) is a date other than January 1, on the prescribed date, the Board shall, (a) adjust amounts that first became payable between January 1 and the prescribed date by the prescribed additional indexing factor; and (b) if more than one additional indexing factor is prescribed in the same calendar year, adjust amounts previously adjusted by the most recently prescribed additional indexing factor. 2024, c. 3, Sched. 4, s. 3. Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2024, c. 3, Sched. 4, s. 3 – 01/05/2024 Increases prospective 52.1 (1) Nothing in sections 51 and 52 entitles a person to claim additional compensation under this Act for any period before January 1, 2018. 2015, c. 38, Sched. 23, s. 5. Same, adjustments (2) Nothing in sections 51 and 52 authorizes the Board to adjust amounts payable to a person under this Act for any period before January 1, 2018. 2015, c. 38, Sched. 23, s. 5. Transition 52.2 Amounts payable under this Act for any period before January 1, 2018 shall be adjusted in accordance with sections 49, 50, 51 and 52 as they read on December 31, 2017, regardless of when the Board determines that the worker is entitled to the amount. 2015, c. 38, Sched. 23, s. 5. Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2007, c. 7, Sched. 41, s. 8 - 01/07/2007 2015, c. 38, Sched. 23, s. 5 - 01/01/2018 Ancillary Matters Average earnings 53 (1) The Board shall determine the amount of a worker’s average earnings for the purposes of the insurance plan and in doing so shall take into account, (a) the rate per week at which the worker was remunerated by each of the employers for whom he or she worked at the time of the injury; (b) any pattern of employment that results in a variation in the worker’s earnings; and (c) such other information as it considers appropriate.1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 53 (1). Exception (2) The average earnings do not include any sum paid to the worker for special expenses incurred because of the nature of the work. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 53 (2). Recalculation (3) The Board shall recalculate the amount of a worker’s average earnings if the Board determines that it would not be fair to continue to make payments under the insurance plan on the basis of the determination made under subsection (1). The Board shall take into account such information as it considers appropriate when recalculating the amount. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 53 (3). Learner or student (4) The Board shall consider such criteria as may be prescribed in determining the average earnings of a worker who is a learner or student. 2023, c. 2, Sched. 9, s. 2. Apprentice (4.1) Despite anything in this section, the Board shall determine the average earnings of a worker who is an apprentice as follows: 1. The average earnings are an amount equal to the average earnings of a journeyperson employed by the employer in the same trade as that in which the worker was working at the time of the injury. 2. If the worker’s employer did not employ a journeyperson in the same trade as that in which the worker was working at the time of the injury, the average earnings are an amount equal to the average earnings of a journeyperson employed in the employer’s locality in the same trade at the time of the injury. 2023, c. 2, Sched. 9, s. 2. Emergency workers (5) The earnings of an emergency worker are the worker’s earnings in his or her actual employment. If the worker has no such earnings, the Board shall fix the amount of the worker’s earnings for the purposes of the insurance plan. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 53 (5). Average earnings, recurrence of loss of earnings (6) When a worker becomes entitled to payments for a loss of earnings arising out of an accident in respect of which he or she previously received benefits under the insurance plan, the worker’s average earnings (for the purpose of calculating the amount payable for the loss of earnings) are the greater of, (a) his or her average earnings at the date of the accident; or (b) his or her average earnings when he or she was most recently employed. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 53 (6). Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2023, c. 2, Sched. 9, s. 2 - 22/03/2023 Maximum amount of average earnings 54 (1) If a worker’s average earnings exceed 175 per cent of the average industrial wage for Ontario for the year, his or her average earnings shall be deemed to be 175 per cent of the average industrial wage for Ontario for the year. Average industrial wage (2) The calculation of the average industrial wage for Ontario for a calendar year is based upon the most recent published material that is available on July 1 of the preceding year with respect to the estimated average weekly earnings industrial aggregate for Ontario as published by Statistics Canada. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 54. Indexation (3) On January 1 every year, the Board shall adjust the amount that, in the year the worker was injured, was deemed to be a worker’s average earnings under subsection (1) by applying the indexing factor to the amount as first determined, or as adjusted on the preceding January, as the case may be, and shall round the adjusted amount to the nearest $100. 2015, c. 38, Sched. 23, s. 6. Additional indexing factor (4) If an additional indexing factor is prescribed for the purposes of this subsection, on the prescribed date, the Board shall adjust the amount that, in the year the worker was injured, was deemed to be a worker’s average earnings under subsection (1) by applying the prescribed additional indexing factor to the amount as first determined, or as most recently adjusted, as the case may be, and shall round the adjusted amount to the nearest $100. 2024, c. 3, Sched. 4, s. 4. Same, January 1 (5) If the date prescribed for the purposes of subsection (4) is January 1, the Board may add the prescribed additional indexing factor to the indexing factor described in subsection 49 (1) and apply them to the amounts to be adjusted in a single calculation. 2024, c. 3, Sched. 4, s. 4. Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2015, c. 38, Sched. 23, s. 6 - 01/01/2018 2024, c. 3, Sched. 4, s. 4 – 01/05/2024 Net average earnings 55 (1) The Board shall determine the amount of a worker’s net average earnings by deducting from his or her earnings, (a) the probable income tax payable by the worker on his or her earnings; (b) the probable Canada Pension Plan or Quebec Pension Plan premiums payable by the worker; and (c) the probable employment insurance premiums payable by the worker. (2) Repealed: 2015, c. 38, Sched. 23, s. 7. Schedule of net average earnings (3) On January 1 every year, the Board shall establish a schedule setting out a table of net average earnings determined in accordance with this section. The schedule is conclusive and final. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 55. Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2015, c. 38, Sched. 23, s. 7 - 01/01/2018 Administration Effect of payment, etc., from employer 56 (1) When determining the amount of any payments under the insurance plan to be made to a worker or his or her survivors, the Board shall have regard to any payment or benefit relating to the accident that is paid by the worker’s employer or provided wholly at the employer’s expense. Payment to employer (2) If the payments to the worker or survivors are made from the insurance fund, the Board may pay to the employer from the fund any amount deducted under subsection (1) from the payments. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 56. Worker’s access to records 57 (1) If there is an issue in dispute, the Board shall, upon request, give a worker access to the file kept by the Board about his or her claim and shall give the worker a copy of the documents in the file If the worker is deceased, the Board shall give access and copies to the persons who may be entitled to payments under section 48. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 57 (1). Same (2) If there is an issue in dispute and the worker is deceased, the Board, upon request, shall give access to and copies of such documents as the Board considers to be relevant to the issue in dispute to persons who may be entitled to payments under subsections 45 (7), (7.1) and (9). 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 57 (2); 2011, c. 1, Sched. 7, s. 3 (7). Same (3) The Board shall give the same access to the file and copies of documents to a representative of a person entitled to the access and copies, if the representative has written authorization from the person. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 57 (3). Exception (4) The Board shall not give a worker or his or her representative access to a document that contains health or other information that the Board believes would be harmful to the worker to see. Instead, the Board shall give a copy of the document to the worker’s treating health professional and shall advise the worker or representative that it has done so. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 57 (4). Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2011, c. 1, Sched. 7, s. 3 (7) - 30/03/2011 Employer’s access to records 58 (1) If there is an issue in dispute, the Board shall, upon request, give a worker’s employer access to such documents in the Board’s file about the claim as the Board considers to be relevant to the issue and shall give the employer a copy of those documents. Same (2) The Board shall give the same access and copies to a representative of the employer, if the representative has written authorization from the employer. Notice to worker (3) The Board shall notify the worker or his or her representative if the Board has given access and copies to the employer (or the employer’s representative) and shall give a copy of the same documents to the worker. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 58. Employer’s access to health records 59 (1) Despite section 58, before giving the employer access to a report or opinion of a health care practitioner about a worker, the Board shall notify the worker or other claimant that the Board proposes to do so and shall give him or her an opportunity to object to the disclosure. Objection (2) If the worker or claimant notifies the Board within the time specified by the Board that he or she objects to the disclosure of the report or opinion, the Board shall consider the objection before deciding whether to disclose the report or opinion. Notice of decision (3) The Board shall notify the worker, claimant and employer of its decision in the matter but shall not, in any event, disclose the report or opinion until after the later of, (a) the expiry of 21 days after giving notice of its decision; or (b) if the decision is appealed, the day on which the Appeals Tribunal finally disposes of the matter. Appeal (4) The worker, claimant or employer may appeal the Board’s decision to the Appeals Tribunal and shall do so within 21 days after the Board gives notice of its decision. Same (5) If the Board or the Appeals Tribunal decides to disclose all or part of a report or opinion, the Board or the tribunal may impose such conditions on the employer’s access as it considers appropriate. Duty of confidentiality (6) The employer and the employer’s representatives shall not disclose any health information obtained from the Board except in a form calculated to prevent the information from being identified with a particular worker or case. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 59. Payments to incapable persons 60 (1) This section applies if a person entitled to payments under the insurance plan is a person that the Board considers to be incapable of managing his or her own affairs. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 60 (1). Payments (2) Any payments to which the person is entitled shall be made on his or her behalf to the person’s guardian or attorney. If no guardian or attorney has been appointed, the payments may be made to the worker’s spouse or parent or to such other person for such purposes as the Board considers to be in the person’s best interest. If there is no guardian or attorney or other suitable person, the payments shall be made to the Public Guardian and Trustee. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 60 (2); 1999, c. 6, s. 67 (26); 2005, c. 5, s. 73 (25); 2021, c. 4, Sched. 11, s. 42 (5). Public Guardian and Trustee (3) If payments are made to the Public Guardian and Trustee on the person’s behalf, the Public Guardian and Trustee has a duty to receive and administer the payments. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 60 (3). Same, minor (4) If a person entitled to payments under the insurance plan is a minor, the payments shall be made on his or her behalf to the person’s spouse, if not a minor, parent or guardian or to the Accountant of the Superior Court of Justice. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 60 (4); 1999, c. 6, s. 67 (27); 2005, c. 5, s. 73 (26); 2009, c. 33, Sched. 20, s. 4 (1); 2021, c. 4, Sched. 11, s. 42 (5). Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 1999, c. 6, s. 67 (26, 27) - 01/03/2000 2005, c. 5, s. 73 (25, 26) - 09/03/2005 2009, c. 33, Sched. 20, s. 4 (1) - 15/12/2009 2021, c. 4, Sched. 11, s. 42 (5) - 19/04/2021 Payments owing to deceased workers 61 (1) If benefits owing under the insurance plan are payable to an estate and there is no personal representative of the estate to whom the Board may make the payment, the Board, (a) shall make reasonable inquiries to determine to whom the money owing to the estate shall be paid; or (b) may apply, without notice, to the court for an order for payment of money into court. Court order (2) Upon an application under clause (1) (b), the court may upon such notice, if any, as it considers necessary make such order as it considers appropriate. Payments to persons entitled (3) If the Board concludes that a person should be paid the benefits owing to the estate under clause (1) (a), the Board shall pay the benefits to the appropriate person. Court costs (4) If the Board makes a payment into court under a court order, the court may, (a) fix, without assessment, the costs incurred upon or in conjunction with any application or order; and (b) order any costs to be paid out of the benefits. Discharge from liability (5) A payment to a person under subsection (3) or a payment made pursuant to a court order discharges the Board from any liability to the extent of the payment. Application (6) The application of this section is not limited to amounts held by the Board for workers who die after this Act comes into force. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 61. Frequency of payments 62 (1) Periodic payments under the insurance plan shall be made at such times as the Board may determine. Commutation of payments (2) Subject to subsection (3), the Board may commute payments to a worker under section 43 (loss of earnings) and pay him or her a lump sum instead, (a) if the amount of the payments is 10 per cent or less of the worker’s full loss of earnings; and (b) if the 72-month period for reviewing payments to the worker has expired or if the Board is not permitted to review the payments. Election (3) The worker referred to in subsection (2) may elect to receive periodic payments instead of the lump sum, and if he or she does so, the Board shall make the periodic payments. The election is irrevocable. Advances on payments (4) If a person is entitled to payments under the insurance plan, the Board may advance money to the person (or for his or her benefit) if the Board is of the opinion that the interest or pressing need of the person warrants it. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 62. Agreements re payments 63 (1) An agreement between a Schedule 2 employer and a worker or a worker’s survivor, (a) that fixes the amount that the employer will pay to the worker or survivor under the insurance plan; or (b) in which the worker or survivor agrees to accept a specified amount in lieu of or in satisfaction of the payments to which he or she is entitled under the insurance plan, is not binding upon the worker or survivor unless it is approved by the Board. Exception (2) Subsection (1) does not apply with respect to payments to a worker for a loss of earnings that lasts for less than four weeks. However, the Board may set aside such an agreement upon such terms as it considers just, either on its own initiative or on the request of the worker. Effect of provision (3) Nothing in this section authorizes the making of an agreement except with respect to an accident that has already happened and the payments to which the worker or survivor has become entitled because of it. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 63. Benefits not assignable, etc. 64 Subject to section 65, no benefits shall be assigned, garnished, charged or attached without the permission of the Board They do not pass by operation of law except to a personal representative No claim may be set off against them. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 64. Deduction for support or maintenance 65 (1) This section applies if a person is entitled to payments under the insurance plan and his or her spouse (as defined in Part III of the Family Law Act), children or dependants are entitled to support or maintenance under a court order. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 65 (1); 1999, c. 6, s. 67 (28); 2005, c. 5, s. 73 (27). Same (2) The Board shall pay all or part of the amount owing to the person under the insurance plan, (a) in accordance with a garnishment notice issued by a court in Ontario; or (b) in accordance with a notice of a support deduction order served upon the Board by the Director of the Family Responsibility Office. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 65 (2). Limits and procedures (3) Garnishment of payments is subject to the limits and procedures set out in subsections 7 (1) and (5) of the Wages Act. Amounts payable under the insurance plan (other than amounts set aside under section 45 (loss of retirement income)) shall be deemed to be wages for the purposes of the Wages Act. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 65 (3). Same (4) The deduction of payments under a notice of a support deduction order is subject to the limits and procedures set out in the Family Responsibility and Support Arrears Enforcement Act, 1996. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 65 (4). Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 1999, c. 6, s. 67 (28) - 01/03/2000 2005, c. 5, s. 73 (27) - 09/03/2005 Suspension of payments 66 If payments are suspended under the insurance plan, no compensation is payable in respect of the period of suspension. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 66. PART VII EMPLOYERS AND THEIR OBLIGATIONS Participating Employers Participating employers 67 The insurance plan applies to every Schedule 1 employer and Schedule 2 employer including the Crown and a permanent board or commission appointed by the Crown. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 67. “Trade” of municipal corporations, etc. 68 The exercise by the following entities of their powers and the performance of their duties shall be deemed to be their trade or business for the purposes of the insurance plan: 1. A municipal corporation. 2. A public utilities commission or any other commission or any board (other than a hospital board) that manages a work or service owned by or operated for a municipal corporation. 3. A public library board. 4. The board of trustees of a police village. 5. A school board. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 68. Training agencies and trainees 69 (1) In this section, “placement host” means a person with whom a trainee is placed by a training agency to gain work skills and experience; (“agent d’accueil”) “training agency” means, (a) a person who is registered under the Ontario Career Colleges Act, 2005 to operate a career college, or (b) a member of a prescribed class who provides vocational or other training. (“organisme de formation”) 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 69 (1); 2002, c. 8, Sched. P, s. 8; 2023, c. 9, Sched. 29, s. 15. Election (2) A training agency that places trainees with a placement host may elect to have the trainees considered to be workers of the training agency during their placement. However, only a training agency in an industry included in Schedule 1 or 2 may make such an election. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 69 (2). Effect of election (3) When the Board receives written notice of a training agency’s election, the following rules apply with respect to each trainee placed with a placement host, other than a trainee who receives wages from the placement host: 1. The placement host shall be deemed not to be an employer of the trainee for the purposes of this Act. However, the placement host remains the employer of the trainee for the purposes of section 28 (rights of action). 2. The training agency shall be deemed to be the employer of the trainee for the purposes of this Act. 3. The trainee shall be deemed to be a learner employed by the training agency. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 69 (3). Injury to trainee (4) If a trainee in relation to whom subsection (3) applies suffers a personal injury by accident or occupational disease while on a placement with a placement host, (a) the trainee’s benefits under the insurance plan shall be determined as if the placement host were the trainee’s employer; and (b) sections 40 and 41 (return to work) do not apply to the placement host or the training agency. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 69 (4). Revocation of election (5) The training agency may revoke an election by giving the Board written notice of the revocation. The revocation takes effect 120 days after the Board receives the notice. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 69 (5). Effect of revocation (6) An election that is revoked continues to apply with respect to an injury sustained before the revocation takes effect. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 69 (6). Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2002, c. 8, Sched. P, s. 8 - 27/06/2002 2023, c. 9, Sched. 29, s. 15 - 01/01/2024 Deemed employer, certain volunteer or auxiliary workers 70 One of the following entities, as may be appropriate, shall be deemed to be the employer of a member of a municipal volunteer fire brigade or volunteer ambulance brigade or an auxiliary member of a police service: 1. A municipal corporation. 2. A public utilities commission or any other commission or any board (other than a hospital board) that manages the brigade for a municipal corporation. 2.1 Any other person that manages the volunteer ambulance brigade for a municipal corporation. 3. The board of trustees of a police village. 4. A police service. 2000, c. 26, Sched. I, s. 1 (11); 2002, c. 18, Sched. J, s. 5 (9, 10); 2019, c. 1, Sched. 4, s. 66 (6). Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2000, c. 26, Sched. I, s. 1 (11) - 01/01/1998 2002, c. 18, Sched. J, s. 5 (9, 10) - 26/11/2002 2018, c. 3, Sched. 5, s. 68 (6) - no effect - see 2019, c. 1, Sched. 3, s. 5 - 26/03/2019 2019, c. 1, Sched. 4, s. 66 (6) - 01/04/2024 Deemed employer, emergency workers 71 (1) An authority who summons a person to assist in controlling or extinguishing a fire shall be deemed to be the person’s employer. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 71 (1). Same, search and rescue operation (2) The Crown shall be deemed to be the employer of a person who assists in a search and rescue operation at the request of and under the direction of a member of the Ontario Provincial Police. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 71 (2). Same, declaration of emergency (3) The Crown shall be deemed to be the employer of a person who assists in connection with an emergency declared by the Lieutenant Governor in Council or the Premier under section 7.0.1 of the Emergency Management and Civil Protection Act. 2006, c. 13, s. 4 (2). Same (4) The municipality shall be deemed to be the employer of a person who assists in connection with an emergency declared by the head of the municipal council to exist. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 71 (4); 2006, c. 13, s. 4 (3). Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2006, c. 13, s. 4 (2, 3) - 30/06/2006 Deemed employer, seconded worker 72 If an employer temporarily lends or hires out the services of a worker to another employer, the first employer shall be deemed to be the employer of the worker while he or she is working for the other employer. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 72. Deemed status, illegal employment of minor 73 (1) This section applies if a claim for benefits is made in respect of a worker who is a minor and the Board determines that a Schedule 1 employer employed the minor in contravention of the law. Declaration (2) The Board may declare that the employer is liable as if the employer were a Schedule 2 employer with respect to the worker. However, the employer continues to be a Schedule 1 employer for the purposes of sections 28 to 30. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 73. Declaration of deemed status 74 (1) Upon application, the Board may declare an employer to be deemed to be a Schedule 1 employer or a Schedule 2 employer for the purposes of the insurance plan. Exception (2) A Schedule 1 employer is not eligible to be deemed to be a Schedule 2 employer under this section. Same (3) The declaration may be restricted to an industry or part of an industry or a department of work or service engaged in by the employer. Same (4) The Board may impose such conditions upon the declaration as it considers appropriate. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 74. Registration and Information Requirements Registration 75 (1) Every Schedule 1 and Schedule 2 employer shall register with the Board within 10 days after becoming such an employer. Information re wages (2) When registering, a Schedule 1 employer shall give the Board a statement setting out the total estimated wages that workers are expected to earn during the current year. Other information (3) When registering and at such other times as the Board may require, a Schedule 1 employer shall give the Board such information as it may require to assign the employer to a class, subclass or group and such other information as the Board may request. Same (4) When registering and at such other times as the Board may require, a Schedule 2 employer shall give the Board such information as it may require to determine the amount of any payment to the Board that may be required under the insurance plan and such other information as the Board may request. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 75. Notice of change of status 76 (1) An employer who ceases to be a Schedule 1 employer or a Schedule 2 employer shall notify the Board of the change within 10 days after it occurs. Information re wages (2) The notice from a former Schedule 1 employer must be accompanied by a statement of the total wages earned during the year by all workers up to the date of the change. Premiums (3) A former Schedule 1 employer shall promptly pay the premiums for which the employer is liable up to the date of the change. Payments (4) A former Schedule 2 employer shall promptly pay the Board all the amounts determined by the Board to be owing up to the date of the change. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 76. Material change in circumstances 77 A Schedule 1 or Schedule 2 employer shall notify the Board of a material change in circumstances in connection with the employer’s obligations under this Act within 10 days after the material change occurs. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 77.

Annual statements 78 (1) Every year on or before the date specified by the Board, a Schedule 1 employer shall give the Board a statement setting out the total wages earned during the preceding year by all workers and such other information as the Board may request. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 78 (1). Same (2) Upon the request of the Board, the statement must also set out the total estimated wages that workers are expected to earn during the current year. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 78 (2). Same, certain volunteer or auxiliary workers (3) If the statement is made by a deemed employer of a municipal volunteer fire brigade, of a volunteer ambulance brigade or of auxiliary members of a police service, it shall set out, (a) the number of members of the brigade or auxiliary members of the police service; and (b) the amount of earnings, fixed by the deemed employer, to be attributed to each member for the purposes of the insurance plan. 2002, c. 18, Sched. J, s. 5 (11); 2019, c. 1, Sched. 4, s. 66 (7). Additional statements (4) The Board may require a Schedule 1 employer to submit a statement at any time setting out the information described in subsection (1), (2) or (3) with respect to such other periods of time as the Board may specify. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 78 (4). Separate statements (5) The Board may require an employer to submit separate statements with respect to different branches of the employer’s business or, if the employer carries on business in more than one class of industry, with respect to the different classes. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 78 (5). Board determination of premiums (6) If an employer does not submit a statement to the Board, the Board may determine the amount of premiums that should have been paid by the employer, and if it is later ascertained that the amount of the premium determined by the Board is less than the actual amount of the premium that should have been paid based on the wages of the employer’s workers, the employer is liable to pay to the Board the difference between the amount fixed by the Board and the actual amount owing by the employer. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 78 (6). Effect of non-compliance (7) The Board may require an employer who fails to submit a statement, or who fails to do so by the date specified by the Board, to pay, (a) interest at a rate determined by the Board on the employer’s premiums for the period to which the statement relates; or (b) an additional percentage as determined by the Board of the employer’s premiums for that period. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 78 (7). Same (8) If an employer underestimates the amount of the total wages required to be reported in a statement, the Board may require the employer to pay interest as described in clause (7) (a) or an additional percentage as described in clause (7) (b). 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 78 (8). Same (9) A payment required under subsection (7) or (8) is in addition to any penalty imposed by a court for an offence under section 152. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 78 (9). Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 1998, c. 36, s. 4 - 01/01/1998 2000, c. 26, Sched. I, s. 1 (12) - 01/01/1998 2002, c. 18, Sched. J, s. 5 (11) - 26/11/2002 2018, c. 3, Sched. 5, s. 68 (7) - no effect - see 2019, c. 1, Sched. 3, s. 5 - 26/03/2019 2019, c. 1, Sched. 4, s. 66 (7) - 01/04/2024 Certification requirement 79 The information in a statement given to the Board under section 75, 76 or 78 must be certified to be accurate by the employer or the manager of the employer’s business or, if the employer is a corporation, by an officer of the corporation who has personal knowledge of the matters to which the statement relates. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 79. Record-keeping 80 (1) A Schedule 1 employer shall keep accurate records of all wages paid to the employer’s workers and shall keep the records in Ontario. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 80. Produce records (2) The employer shall produce the records referred to in subsection (1) when the Board or any of its officers requires the employer to do so. 2001, c. 9, Sched. I, s. 4 (2). Administrative penalty (3) An employer who fails to comply with subsection (1) or who fails to comply with a requirement of the Board under subsection (2) shall pay the prescribed amount to the Board. This payment is in addition to any penalty imposed by a court for an offence under section 152. 2025, c. 13, Sched. 7, s. 2. Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2001, c. 9, Sched. I, s. 4 (2) - 29/06/2001 2025, c. 13, Sched. 7, s. 2 - 27/11/2025 Calculating Payments by Employers Premiums, all Schedule 1 employers 81 (1) The Board shall determine the total amount of the premiums to be paid by all Schedule 1 employers with respect to each year in order to maintain the insurance fund under this Act. Apportionment among classes, etc. (2) The Board shall apportion the total amount of the premiums among the classes, subclasses and groups of employers and shall take into account the extent to which each class, subclass or group is responsible for, or benefits from, the costs incurred under this Act. Premium rates (3) The Board shall establish rates to be used to calculate the premiums to be paid by employers in the classes, subclasses or groups for each year. Same (4) The Board may establish different premium rates for a class, subclass or group of employers in relation to the risk of the class, subclass or group. The rates may vary for each individual industry or plant. Method of determining premiums (5) The Board shall establish the method to be used by employers to calculate their premiums. The method may be based on the wages earned by an employer’s worker. Bases for calculation (6) The Board may establish different payment schedules for different employers for premiums to be paid in a year based on such factors as the Board considers appropriate. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 81. Partners and executive officers 81.1 (1) The Board may establish premium rates for, (a) partners in a partnership described in paragraph 3 of subsection 12.2 (1) who do not perform construction work; and (b) executive officers of a corporation described in paragraph 4 of subsection 12.2 (1) who do not perform construction work. 2019, c. 9, Sched. 13, s. 1. Same (2) The premium rates established under subsection (1) may be different from the premium rates established under section 81 for the employers of the partners and executive officers. 2019, c. 9, Sched. 13, s. 1. Same (3) The Board may establish a specific method for determining the frequency of work injuries and accident costs relating to the partners and executive officers. 2019, c. 9, Sched. 13, s. 1. Same (4) The Board may use any determinations made under the method described in subsection (3) for the purposes of adjusting premium rates established under subsection (1). 2019, c. 9, Sched. 13, s. 1. Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2019, c. 9, Sched. 13, s. 1 - 06/06/2019 Adjustments in premiums for particular employers 82 The Board may increase or decrease the premiums otherwise payable by a particular employer in such circumstances as the Board considers appropriate including the following: 1. If, in the opinion of the Board, the employer has not taken sufficient precautions to prevent accidents to workers or the working conditions are not safe for workers. 2. If the employer’s accident record has been consistently good and the employer’s ways, works, machinery and appliances conform to modern standards so as to reduce the hazard of accidents to a minimum. 3. If the employer has complied with the regulations made under this Act or the Occupational Health and Safety Act respecting first aid. 4. If the frequency of work injuries among the employer’s workers and the accident cost of those injuries is consistently higher than that of the average in the industry in which the employer is engaged. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 82. Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2011, c. 11, s. 21 - no effect - see Table of Public Statute Provisions Repealed Under Section 10.1 of the Legislation Act, 2006 - 31/12/2021 Experience and merit rating programs 83 (1) The Board may establish experience and merit rating programs to encourage employers to reduce injuries and occupational diseases and to encourage workers’ return to work. Same (2) The Board may establish the method for determining the frequency of work injuries and accident costs of an employer. Same (3) The Board shall increase or decrease the amount of an employer’s premiums based upon the frequency of work injuries or the accident costs or both. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 83. Regulations re temporary help workers (4) The Lieutenant Governor in Council may make regulations, (a) defining a temporary help agency for the purposes of this section; (b) requiring that, despite section 72, if a temporary help agency lends or hires out the services of a worker to another employer who participates in a program established under subsection (1) and the worker sustains an injury while performing work for the other employer, the Board, (i) deem the total wages that are paid in the current year to the worker by the temporary help agency for work performed for the other employer to be paid by the other employer, (ii) attribute the injury and the accident costs arising from the injury to the other employer, (iii) increase or decrease the amount of the other employer’s premiums based upon the frequency of work injuries or the accident costs or both, and (iv) deem the other employer to be an employer for the purposes of sections 58 and 59 in such circumstances as may be prescribed; (c) prescribing circumstances for the purposes of subclause (b) (iv); (d) requiring that, if a temporary help agency lends or hires out the services of a worker to another employer who participates in a program established under subsection (1) and the worker sustains an injury while performing work for the other employer, the other employer notify the Board of the injury; (e) for the purposes of a notice required by a regulation made under clause (d), governing the notice, including prescribing the manner in which notice of an injury is to be given, the period of time within which notice is to be given and the parties to whom copies of the notice must be given; and (f) prescribing penalties for failure to comply with requirements prescribed under clauses (d) and (e). 2014, c. 10, Sched. 5, s. 2. Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2014, c. 10, Sched. 5, s. 2 - 06/04/2018 Transfer of costs 84 In a case where subsection 28 (1) applies and the Board is satisfied that the accident giving rise to the worker’s injury was caused by the negligence of some other employer in Schedule 1 or that other employer’s workers, the Board may direct that the benefits, or a proportion of them, in that case be charged against the class or group to which the other employer belongs and to the accident cost record of the other employer. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 84. Payments by Schedule 2 employers 85 (1) The Board shall determine the total payments to be paid by all Schedule 2 employers with respect to each year to defray their fair share (as determined by the Board) of the expenses of the Board and the cost of administering this Act and such other costs as are directed under any Act to be paid by the Board. Special funds (2) The Board, where it considers proper, may add to the amount payable by an employer under subsection (1) a percentage or sum for the purpose of raising special funds and the Board may use such money to meet a loss or relieve any Schedule 2 employer from all or part of the costs arising from any disaster or other circumstance where, in the opinion of the Board, it is proper to do so. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 85. Penalty, failure to co-operate 86 (1) If the Board decides that an employer has failed to comply with section 40 (return to work), the Board may levy a penalty on the employer that is such percentage as the Board may determine of the cost to the Board of providing benefits to the worker while the non-compliance continues. Same (2) The penalty is an amount owing to the Board. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 86. Notice to employers 87 (1) Each year, the Board shall notify each Schedule 1 employer of the method to be used to calculate the employer’s premiums, the premium rate and the payment schedule. Same, Schedule 2 employers (2) Each year, the Board shall notify each Schedule 2 employer of the amount of the employer’s payments under section 85 and the payment schedule. Liability if no notice (3) If for any reason an employer does not receive a notice for a year, the employer is liable to pay the amount that the employer would have been required to pay had the notice been given or received. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 87. Payment Obligations of Schedule 1 Employers Payment of premiums 88 (1) Every Schedule 1 employer shall calculate and pay premiums to the Board in accordance with the notice given under section 87. No liability for benefits (2) A Schedule 1 employer is not individually liable to pay benefits directly to workers or their survivors under the insurance plan. Maximum earnings (3) The premium payable by an employer applies only with respect to the maximum amount of average earnings determined under section 54 for each of the employer’s workers. Error in calculation (4) If the Board considers that an employer has incorrectly calculated the amount of the premiums payable and, as a result, has paid an insufficient amount, the Board may require the employer to pay additional premiums in an amount sufficient to rectify the error. The Board may fix the amount of the additional premiums to be paid. Penalty for error (5) If an employer has incorrectly calculated the amount of premiums payable for a year and, as a result, has paid an insufficient amount, the employer shall pay additional premiums in an amount sufficient to rectify the error and, as a penalty, shall pay that amount again to the Board. Relief (6) The Board may relieve the employer from paying all or part of the penalty if the Board is satisfied that the incorrect calculation was not intentional and that the employer honestly desired to pay the correct amount. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 88. Exception, 2021 calendar year 88.1 (1) Despite subsection 88 (3), for the period beginning on January 1, 2021 and ending on December 31, 2021 or such later date as may be prescribed, the premium payable by an employer for each of the employer’s workers applies only with respect to a maximum amount of average earnings of, (a) $97,308; or (b) if another amount is prescribed for the purposes of this section, that amount. 2021, c. 3, s. 1. Regulations (2) The Lieutenant Governor in Council may make regulations, (a) prescribing a date for the purposes of subsection (1); (b) prescribing an amount for the purposes of clause (1) (b). 2021, c. 3, s. 1. Same (3) A regulation made under clause 2 (a) shall not prescribe a date that is later than December 31, 2022. 2021, c. 3, s. 1. Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2021, c. 3, s. 1 - 14/04/2021 Default in paying premiums 89 (1) An employer who does not pay premiums when they become due shall pay to the Board such additional percentage on the outstanding balance as the Board may require. 1997, c. 26, Sched., s. 89 (1). Cost of benefits (2) An employer who does not pay premiums when they become due shall pay to the Board the amount or the capitalized value (as determined by the Board) of the benefits payable in respect of any accident to the employer’s workers during the period of the default. 1997, c. 26, Sched., s. 89 (2). Exception (3) The Board may relieve the employer of making all or part of the payment under subsection (2) in such circumstances as the Board considers appropriate. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 89. Administrative penalty (4) An employer who does not pay premiums when they become due shall pay the prescribed amount to the Board. This payment is in addition to any amounts payable to the Board under subsections (1) and (2) and any penalty imposed by a court for an offence under section 152.1. 2025, c. 13, Sched. 7, s. 3. Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2025, c. 13, Sched. 7, s. 3 - 27/11/2025 Payment Obligations of Schedule 2 Employers Payment of benefits 90 (1) Every Schedule 2 employer is individually liable to pay the benefits under the insurance plan respecting workers employed by the employer on the date of the accident. Reimbursement (2) The employer shall reimburse the Board for any payments made by the Board on behalf of the employer under the insurance plan. The amount to be reimbursed is an amount owing to the Board. Payment of commuted value (3) The Board may require a Schedule 2 employer to pay to the Board an amount equal to the commuted value of the payments to be made under Part VI (payments for loss of earnings and other losses) with respect to a worker or survivor. Same (4) If the amount is insufficient to meet the whole of the payments, the employer is nevertheless liable to pay to the Board such other sum as may be required to meet the payments. Same (5) The Board shall return to the employer any amount remaining after the Board ceases to make payments with respect to the worker or survivor. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 90. Payments re expenses of the Board 91 Every Schedule 2 employer shall make payments to the Board in accordance with the notice given under section 87. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 91. Deposit by Schedule 2 employers 92 (1) If the Board considers it to be necessary for the prompt payment of benefits, the Board may require a Schedule 2 employer to pay a specified amount of money as a deposit. Use of money (2) The Board shall use the money on deposit to pay benefits on behalf of the employer. Investment (3) Subsections 97 (4) to (7) apply with respect to the investment of money on deposit and commuted value payments under subsection 90 (3). 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 92. Direction to insure workers 93 (1) The Board may direct a Schedule 2 employer to obtain insurance for injuries in respect of which the employer may become liable to make payments under the insurance plan The insurance must be for an amount specified by the Board and with an insurer approved by the Board. Failure to comply (2) If the employer fails to comply with the direction of the Board, the Board may obtain the required insurance for the employer. The employer shall pay the Board for the cost of the insurance. Notice to insurer (3) If a claim for benefits is made in any case where a Schedule 2 employer is insured against the liability to pay benefits, notice of the claim shall be given to the insurer and to the employer. Payment to Board (4) The Board shall determine the worker’s or survivor’s right to compensation and may direct the insurer to pay to the Board instead of the employer any amount payable under the contract of insurance upon the injury or death of a worker. The insurer shall do so. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 93. Obligations in Special Circumstances Schedule 2 employers, occupational disease 94 (1) This section applies if a worker is entitled to benefits under the insurance plan because of an occupational disease that may have occurred as a result of more than one employment by Schedule 2 employers. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 94 (1). Employer (2) Subject to subsections (5) and (6), the Schedule 2 employer who last employed the worker in the employment in which the disease occurs is the worker’s employer for the purposes of the insurance plan. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 94 (2). Prior employers (3) Upon request, the worker or his or her survivors shall give the employer the names and addresses of the previous employers in whose employment the worker could have contracted the disease. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 94 (3). Determination by Board (4) The employer may request that the Board determine whether the worker contracted the disease while employed by one or more other employers. The employer making the request must provide the Board with the necessary evidence to determine the matter. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 94 (4). Effect of decision (5) If the Board decides that another employer employed the worker when he or she contracted the disease, the other employer is the worker’s employer for the purposes of the insurance plan. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 94 (5). Same (6) If the Board decides that the disease is of such a nature as to be contracted by a gradual process and that the worker was employed by more than one employer in the employment to the nature of which the disease is due, the Board shall determine the obligations of each employer for the purposes of the insurance plan. The employers are liable to make such payments as the Board considers just to the employer who is liable to pay the benefits under the plan. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 94 (6). Exception, Schedule 2 employer (7) Despite sections 15, 15.1 and 15.2, a worker is not entitled to benefits under the insurance plan and a Schedule 2 employer is not liable to make payments under the insurance plan to or for the worker or his survivors, (a) if there is insufficient information concerning the worker’s prior employers to enable the Board to make the determination requested under subsection (4); and (b) if the employer proves that the worker did not contract the disease while employed by the employer. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 94 (7); 2007, c. 3, s. 3. Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2007, c. 3, s. 3 - 04/05/2007 Increases in benefits 95 The Board may require Schedule 1 and 2 employers carrying on or previously carrying on industries to which this Act applies to pay such additional amounts to the Board as are necessary to provide for increases in benefits related to prior accidents. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 95. No Contributions from Workers No contributions from workers 95.1 (1) No employer shall, (a) directly or indirectly deduct from a worker’s wages an amount that the employer is, or may become, liable to pay to the worker under the insurance plan; or (b) require or permit a worker to contribute in any way toward indemnifying the employer against any liability that the employer has incurred or may incur under the insurance plan. 2000, c. 26, Sched. I, s. 1 (13). Right of action (2) Without limiting any other remedies the worker may have, a worker may bring an action in a court of competent jurisdiction to recover an amount that was deducted from the worker’s wages or that the worker was required or permitted to contribute in contravention of subsection (1). 2000, c. 26, Sched. I, s. 1 (13). Same, certain deductions, etc., before section in force (3) Without limiting any other remedies the worker may have, a worker may bring an action in a court of competent jurisdiction to recover an amount that was deducted from the worker’s wages or that the worker was required or permitted to contribute if the deduction, requirement or permission occurred on or after January 1, 1998 but before this section came into force and the deduction, requirement or permission contravened subsection 155 (1) or (2) as those subsections read before being repealed by subsection 1 (21) of Schedule I to the Red Tape Reduction Act, 2000. 2000, c. 26, Sched. I, s. 1 (13). Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2000, c. 26, Sched. I, s. 1 (13) - 06/12/2000 PART VIII INSURANCE FUND Insurance fund Definitions 96 (1) In this Part, “current benefits” means the benefits payable under the insurance plan in the current calendar year; (“prestations courantes”) “future benefits” means the present value of the cost of benefits that will become due under the insurance plan in the future in respect of current or past claims, as determined by the Board’s actuary. (“prestations futures”) 2010, c. 26, Sched. 21, s. 1 (2). Insurance fund (2) The Board shall maintain an insurance fund for the following purposes: 1. To pay for current benefits and to provide for future benefits under the insurance plan to workers employed by Schedule 1 employers and to the survivors of deceased workers. 2. To pay the expenses of the Board and the cost of administering this Act. 3. To pay such other costs as are required under any Act to be paid by the Board or out of the insurance fund. 4. To make such other payments as are required under this Act. 2010, c. 26, Sched. 21, s. 1 (2); 2024, c. 41, Sched. 6, s. 3. Sufficiency of fund (3) Subject to the regulations, the Board shall maintain the insurance fund so that the amount of the fund is sufficient to allow the Board to meet its obligations under this Act to make payments under the insurance plan for current benefits as they become due and to provide for future benefits. 2010, c. 26, Sched. 21, s. 1 (2). Same (4) The Board shall meet its obligation under subsection (3) in accordance with the regulations. 2010, c. 26, Sched. 21, s. 1 (2). Same (5) The Board shall maintain the insurance fund so as not to burden unduly or unfairly any class of Schedule 1 employers with payments, (a) in any year in respect of current benefits; or (b) in future years in respect of future benefits. 2010, c. 26, Sched. 21, s. 1 (2). Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2010, c. 26, Sched. 21, s. 1 (1) - 08/12/2010; 2010, c. 26, Sched. 21, s. 1 (2) - 01/01/2013 2024, c. 41, Sched. 6, s. 3 - 01/07/2025 96.1 Repealed: 2021, c. 35, Sched. 6, s. 1. Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2010, c. 26, Sched. 21, s. 1 (2) - 01/01/2013 2021, c. 35, Sched. 6, s. 1 - 01/01/2022 Insufficiency of fund after prescribed date 96.2 If the insurance fund is insufficient at any time after the date prescribed under clause 100 (b), the Board shall comply with the prescribed requirements to make the fund sufficient. 2010, c. 26, Sched. 21, s. 1 (2). Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2010, c. 26, Sched. 21, s. 1 (2) - 01/01/2013 Transition 96.3 The accident fund maintained under the Workers’ Compensation Act is continued as the insurance fund. 2010, c. 26, Sched. 21, s. 1 (2). Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2010, c. 26, Sched. 21, s. 1 (2) - 01/01/2013 Reserve funds 97 (1) Once the insurance fund is sufficient for the purposes set out in subsection 96 (3), the Board may establish and maintain one or more reserve funds to provide for future benefits. 2010, c. 26, Sched. 21, s. 2 (2). (2) Repealed: 2021, c. 35, Sched. 6, s. 2. Same (2.1) Subject to the regulations, if, after the insurance fund becomes sufficient for the purposes set out in subsection 96 (3), there is not sufficient money available in the fund to allow the Board to meet its obligations under this Act to make payments under the insurance plan for current benefits as they become due and to provide for future benefits without resorting to the reserve funds, the Board may make the payments out of the reserve funds. 2010, c. 26, Sched. 21, s. 2 (2). Same (3) The Board may provide for larger reserve funds for some classes of industry than for others. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 97 (3). Investment (4) The money in the reserve funds shall be invested only in such investments as are authorized under the Pension Benefits Act for the investment of money from pension funds and shall be invested in the same manner as is authorized for those pension funds. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 97 (4). Responsibility for agent (5) If the Board designates an agent to make the investments authorized under subsection (4), it shall select as an agent a person that it is satisfied is suitable to perform the act for which the agent is designated. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 97 (5). Same (6) The Board is responsible for prudent and reasonable supervision of the agent. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 97 (6). Standards for agent (7) The agent is subject to the standards that apply, with necessary modifications, to an administrator of a pension plan under subsections 22 (1), (2) and (4) of the Pension Benefits Act. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 97 (7). Insurance fund (8) The reserve funds form part of the insurance fund. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 97 (8). Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2010, c. 26, Sched. 21, s. 2 (1) - 08/12/2010; 2010, c. 26, Sched. 21, s. 2 (2) - 01/01/2013 2021, c. 35, Sched. 6, s. 2 - 01/01/2022 Distribution of surplus 97.1 (1) If the amount of the insurance fund meets a sufficiency ratio that is equal to or greater than 115 per cent and less than 125 per cent, the Board may distribute any amount in excess of the amount prescribed under clause 100 (c) that it considers appropriate among Schedule 1 employers having regard to such criteria as may be prescribed and such other factors as the Board considers appropriate. 2021, c. 35, Sched. 6, s. 3. Same (2) Except in such circumstances as may be prescribed, if the amount of the insurance fund meets a sufficiency ratio that is equal to 125 per cent, (a) the Board shall distribute the difference in the amount prescribed under clause 100 (f.1) and the amount in the insurance fund among Schedule 1 employers; or (b) if no amount is prescribed under clause 100 (f.1), the Board shall distribute any amount in excess of the amount prescribed under clause 100 (c) that it considers appropriate among Schedule 1 employers having regard to such criteria as may be prescribed and such other factors as the Board considers appropriate. 2021, c. 35, Sched. 6, s. 3. Distribution of different amounts (3) The Board may determine that Schedule 1 employers are to be distributed different amounts under this section having regard to such criteria as may be prescribed and such other factors as the Board considers appropriate, including an employer’s compliance with this Act. 2021, c. 35, Sched. 6, s. 3. No distribution (4) The Board may determine that a Schedule 1 employer is not to be distributed an amount under this section having regard to such criteria as may be prescribed and such other factors as the Board considers appropriate, including an employer’s compliance with this Act. 2021, c. 35, Sched. 6, s. 3. Timing of disbursements (5) Subject to such requirements as may be prescribed, the Board may determine the timing of disbursements made under this section and may distribute amounts to different Schedule 1 employers at different times. 2021, c. 35, Sched. 6, s. 3. Form of disbursements (6) The Board may determine the form of disbursements made under this section. 2021, c. 35, Sched. 6, s. 3. Same (7) The Board may distribute an amount to a Schedule 1 employer under this section in more than one disbursement. 2021, c. 35, Sched. 6, s. 3. Determination of amount in fund (8) For the purposes of this section, the sufficiency ratio of the insurance fund shall be calculated in accordance with the method prescribed under clause 100 (f.5). 2021, c. 35, Sched. 6, s. 3. Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2021, c. 35, Sched. 6, s. 3 - 01/01/2022 No right of reconsideration or appeal 97.2 A determination made by the Board regarding distributions or disbursements under section 97.1 is not a decision or a final decision of the Board for the purposes of Part XI of this Act and an employer has no right of reconsideration by, or appeal to, the Board or the Tribunal in respect of a determination made by the Board under that section. 2021, c. 35, Sched. 6, s. 3. Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2021, c. 35, Sched. 6, s. 3 - 01/01/2022 Distribution of surplus, Schedule 2 municipal employers 97.3 (1) Except in such circumstances as may be prescribed, if the amount in the insurance fund is greater than the amount prescribed under clause 100 (c), the Board shall pay to a Schedule 2 employer that is a municipality an amount that is equal to the cost of benefits that are required under section 90 to be paid by the employer in respect of a worker or survivor for the period between the day on which the worker or survivor became entitled to benefits and the day on which section 4 of Schedule 6 to the Working for Workers Six Act, 2024 comes into force in respect of an occupational disease, (a) that was diagnosed on or before the day on which section 4 of Schedule 6 to the Working for Workers Six Act, 2024 comes into force; (b) to which the presumption set out in subsection 15.1 (4.7) applies; and (c) that relates to a claim that is filed or refiled under section 15.2 within 12 months from the day that section 4 of Schedule 6 to the Working for Workers Six Act, 2024 comes into force or that is pending before the Board or Appeals Tribunal on the day that section 4 of Schedule 6 to the Working for Workers Six Act, 2024 comes into force. 2024, c. 41, Sched. 6, s. 4. Schedule 2 employer (2) For the purposes of subsection (1), a Schedule 2 employer includes an employer who is a Schedule 1 employer but who, on the day of diagnosis described in clause (1) (a), was a Schedule 2 employer. 2024, c. 41, Sched. 6, s. 4. No payment (3) If at any time the Board is required to make payments to one or more Schedule 2 employers under subsection (1), and if making all of the required payments would result in the amount in the insurance fund being equal to or less than the amount prescribed under clause 100 (c), no payment shall be made. 2024, c. 41, Sched. 6, s. 4. Conflict (4) If there is a conflict between the Board’s duty to make payments under this section and the Board’s duty to maintain the sufficiency of the insurance fund under subsection 96 (3), the duty set out in subsection 96 (3) prevails. 2024, c. 41, Sched. 6, s. 4. Same (5) If there is a conflict between the Board’s duty to make payments under this section and the Board’s duty to distribute amounts under subsection 97.1 (2), the duty set out in 97.1 (2) prevails and the Board shall distribute amounts to Schedule 1 employers under subsection 97.1 (2) before it makes payments to Schedule 2 employers under this section. 2024, c. 41, Sched. 6, s. 4. Timing of payments (6) The Board may determine the timing of payments made under this section and may make payments to different Schedule 2 employers at different times. 2024, c. 41, Sched. 6, s. 4. Form (7) The Board may determine the form of the payments made under subsection (1). 2024, c. 41, Sched. 6, s. 4. No appeal or reconsideration (8) A decision regarding a payment made by the Board under this section is not a decision or a final decision of the Board for the purposes of Part XI and an employer has no right of reconsideration by, or appeal to, the Board or the Appeals Tribunal in respect of a decision made by the Board under this section. 2024, c. 41, Sched. 6, s. 4. Overpayment (9) If the Board makes a payment to a Schedule 2 employer under subsection (1) in respect of a claim that is subsequently varied or reversed by the Board or Appeals Tribunal, the payment made by the Board is an overpayment owing by the Schedule 2 employer to the Board at the time that the overpayment is made. 2024, c. 41, Sched. 6, s. 4. Amount (10) The amount of the overpayment is as determined by the Board. 2024, c. 41, Sched. 6, s. 4. Regulations (11) The Lieutenant Governor in Council may make regulations prescribing circumstances for the purposes of subsection (1), including circumstances related to an employer’s compliance with this Act. 2024, c. 41, Sched. 6, s. 4. Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2024, c. 41, Sched. 6, s. 4 - 01/07/2025 Immunity 97.4 (1) No action or other legal proceeding may be commenced against the Board or a member of the board of directors, an officer or an employee of the Board in respect of an act or omission done or omitted by a person in good faith in the execution or intended execution of any power or duty under section 97.1 or 97.3. 2024, c. 41, Sched. 6, s. 4. Same (2) No cause of action arises against the Crown and no costs, compensation or damages are owing or payable to any person as a direct or indirect result of the enactment, repeal or amendment of any provision in section 97.1 or 97.3. 2024, c. 41, Sched. 6, s. 4. Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2024, c. 41, Sched. 6, s. 4 - 01/07/2025 Special reserve fund 98 (1) The Board may establish a special reserve fund to meet losses that may arise from a disaster or other circumstance that, in the opinion of the Board, would unfairly burden the employers in any class. Same (2) Subsections 97 (3) to (8) apply with necessary modifications with respect to the special reserve fund. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 98. Deficiency in premiums 99 (1) If there is a deficiency in the amount of premiums in any class because of a failure of any of the employers in the class to pay an amount owing or by any other circumstance that, in the opinion of the Board, would unfairly burden the employers in that class, the deficiency shall be made up by a payment of additional premiums by the employers in all the classes. Apportionment of payment (2) If the employer responsible for the deficiency in subsection (1) pays to the Board any part of the amount owing, that amount shall be apportioned among the other employers in proportion to the amount they contributed to the deficiency. Continued liability of defaulting employer (3) If a deficiency is paid for by the other employers, the employer responsible for the deficiency continues to be liable for the amount of the deficiency. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 99. Regulations 100 The Lieutenant Governor in Council may make regulations, (a) prescribing anything referred to in this Part as prescribed; (b) prescribing the date by which the insurance fund must become sufficient; (c) prescribing the amount of the insurance fund required to make the fund sufficient by the prescribed date or prescribing the method of determining that amount, including any formula, ratio or percentage to be used to calculate the amount; (d) Repealed: 2021, c. 35, Sched. 6, s. 4 (1). (e) prescribing the requirements with which the Board shall comply for the purposes of section 96.2, including the time period within which the Board must comply with those requirements; (f) prescribing any terms, conditions, limitations or requirements on the use of reserve funds for the purposes of subsection 97 (2.1); (f.1) prescribing, for the purposes of subsection 97.1 (2), an amount, expressed as a ratio or percentage, that is greater than a sufficiency ratio of 115 per cent but less than a sufficiency ratio of 125 per cent; (f.2) prescribing circumstances for the purposes of subsection 97.1 (2); (f.3) prescribing criteria for the purposes of section 97.1; (f.4) prescribing requirements for the purposes of subsection 97.1 (5); (f.5) prescribing the method of calculating the sufficiency ratio for the purposes of section 97.1, including any formula, ratio or percentage to be used to calculate the amount; (g) providing for such transitional matters as the Lieutenant Governor in Council considers necessary or advisable in relation to this Part and the regulations made under it. 2010, c. 26, Sched. 21, s. 3 (2); 2021, c. 35, Sched. 6, s. 4. Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2010, c. 26, Sched. 21, s. 3 (1) - 08/12/2010; 2010, c. 26, Sched. 21, s. 3 (2) - 01/01/2013 2021, c. 35, Sched. 6, s. 4 (1, 2) - 01/01/2022 PART IX TRANSITIONAL RULES Interpretation Definitions 101 In this Part, “pre-1997 Act” means the Workers’ Compensation Act as it read on December 31, 1997; (“Loi d’avant 1997”) “pre-1998 injury” means a personal injury by accident or an occupational disease that occurs before January 1, 1998. (“lésion d’avant 1998”) 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 101. Pre-1998 Injuries Continued application of pre-1997 Act 102 The pre-1997 Act, as it is deemed to have been amended by this Part, continues to apply with respect to pre-1998 injuries. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 102. Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) CTS 30 SE 11 - 2 Maximum medical rehabilitation 103 The pre-1997 Act shall be deemed to be amended by striking out “maximum medical rehabilitation” wherever it appears and substituting in each case “maximum medical recovery”. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 103. Definition of “spouse” 103.1 The definition of “spouse” in subsection 1 (1) of the pre-1997 Act shall be deemed to be repealed and the following substituted: “spouse” means either of two persons who, at the time of death of the one who was the worker, were cohabiting and, (a) were married to each other, or (b) were living together in a conjugal relationship outside marriage and, (i) had cohabited for at least one year, (ii) were together the parents of a child, or (iii) had together entered into a cohabitation agreement under section 53 of the Family Law Act. 2005, c. 5, s. 73 (28). Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 1999, c. 6, s. 67 (29) - 01/03/2000 2005, c. 5, s. 73 (28) - 09/03/2005 103.2, 103.3 Repealed: 2005, c. 5, s. 73 (28). Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 1999, c. 6, s. 67 (29) - 01/03/2000 2005, c. 5, s. 73 (28) - 09/03/2005 Death benefits 104 (0.1) Repealed: 2005, c. 5, s. 73 (29). Same (1) Clause 35 (1) (c) of the pre-1997 Act shall be deemed to be repealed. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 104 (1). Same (2) Subsections 35 (2) and (3) of the pre-1997 Act shall be deemed to be repealed and the following substituted: Labour market re-entry plan for spouse (2) Upon request, the Board shall provide a spouse with a labour market re-entry assessment. The request must be made within one year after the death of the worker. Same, transition (3) If, before January 1, 1998, the Board has provided the spouse of a deceased worker with a vocational rehabilitation assessment but not a vocational rehabilitation program, the Board shall determine whether a labour market re-entry plan is to be prepared for the spouse. Same (3.1) Subsections 42 (2) to (8) of the Workplace Safety and Insurance Act, 1997 apply with necessary modifications with respect to the labour market re-entry plan, if any, for the spouse. Same (3.2) If a spouse was provided with a vocational rehabilitation program under this Act, it shall be deemed to be a labour market re-entry plan for the purpose of this section. Failure to comply (3.3) If the spouse fails to comply with subsection 42 (7) of the Workplace Safety and Insurance Act, 1997, the Board may discontinue the provision of the labour market re-entry assessment or plan. Bereavement counselling (3.4) Upon the request of the spouse, the Board may pay for bereavement counselling for the spouse or children of the worker. The request must be received within one year after the worker’s death. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 104 (2); 1999, c. 6, s. 67 (31-36); 2000, c. 26, Sched. I, s. 1 (14); 2005, c. 5, s. 73 (30-35). (3)-(12) Repealed: 2005, c. 5, s. 73 (36). Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 1999, c. 6, s. 67 (30-37) - 01/03/2000 2000, c. 26, Sched. I, s. 1 (14) - 01/01/1998 2005, c. 5, s. 73 (29-36) - 09/03/2005 Temporary partial disability 105 Subclause 37 (2) (b) (i) of the pre-1997 Act shall be deemed to be amended by striking out “a medical or vocational rehabilitation program which” in the second, third and fourth lines and substituting “a medical rehabilitation program, an early and safe return to work program or a labour market re-entry plan, as the circumstances require, which”. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 105. 105.1 Repealed: 2005, c. 5, s. 73 (37). Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 1999, c. 6, s. 67 (38) - 01/03/2000 2005, c. 5, s. 73 (37) - 09/03/2005 Non-economic loss where permanent impairment 106 (1) Subsection 42 (3) of the pre-1997 Act shall be deemed to be repealed and the following substituted: Payment (3) If the compensation for non-economic loss is greater than $10,000, it is payable as a monthly payment for the life of the worker. Same (3.1) Despite subsection (3), within 30 days of the worker being notified of the amount of the compensation for non-economic loss the worker may elect to receive in a lump sum the amount otherwise payable monthly. The election is irrevocable. Same (2) Subsections 42 (5) to (25) of the pre-1997 Act shall be deemed to be repealed. Subsections 47 (1) to (13) of this Act apply instead with respect to a determination by the Board of the degree of a worker’s permanent impairment for the purposes of the pre-1997 Act. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 106. Compensation for future loss of earnings 107 (1) Subsection 43 (6) of the pre-1997 Act shall be deemed to be repealed. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 107 (1). Same (2) Subsection 43 (13) of the pre-1997 Act shall be deemed to be repealed. Instead, subsections 44 (1) to (2.9) of this Act, except clause 44 (2.1) (g) and subsection 44 (2.4.4), apply with necessary modifications with respect to a review by the Board of the amount of compensation for future loss of earnings payable under section 43 of the pre-1997 Act. However, a reference to “more than 72 months after the date of the worker’s injury” in subsection 44 (2) of this Act shall be read as “more than 60 months after the date the compensation for future loss of earnings is determined by the Board under section 43 of the pre-1997 Act” and any reference to “72-month period” in subsections 44 (2.1), (2.8) and (2.9) of this Act shall be read as “60-month period”. 2007, c. 7, Sched. 41, s. 9. Same (3) Subsection 43 (15) of the pre-1997 Act shall be deemed to be repealed. Instead, subsections 62 (2) and (3) of this Act apply, with necessary modifications, with respect to the payment of compensation for future loss of earnings under section 43 of the pre-1997 Act. However, a reference to “72-month period” in the first line of clause 62 (2) (b) shall be read as “60-month period”. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 107 (3). Same (4) Clauses 43 (9) (a) and (b) of the pre-1997 Act shall be deemed to be repealed and the following substituted: (a) that began within 24 months after the date the compensation for future loss of earnings is determined under this section; or (b) that began within 12 months after a determination is made under subsection 47 (9) of the Workplace Safety and Insurance Act, 1997. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 107 (4). Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2007, c. 7, Sched. 41, s. 9 - 01/07/2007 2002, c. 18, Sched. J, s. 5 (12) - 26/11/2002 Indexation of compensation for future loss of earnings 107.1 (1) For the purposes of determining compensation payable under section 43 of the pre-1997 Act on or after January 1, 2018, subsections 43 (4) and (5) of the pre-1997 Act shall be deemed to be repealed. 2015, c. 38, Sched. 23, s. 8. Same (2) For the purposes of determining compensation payable under section 43 of the pre-1997 Act on or after January 1, 2018, subsection 43 (6.1) of the pre-1997 Act shall be deemed to be repealed and the following substituted: Indexing (6.1) The amount of compensation payable under this section shall be adjusted on January 1 each year by applying the indexing factor described in subsection 148 (1). 2015, c. 38, Sched. 23, s. 8. Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 1999, c. 6, s. 67 (39) - 01/03/2000 2005, c. 5, s. 73 (38) - 09/03/2005 2015, c. 38, Sched. 23, s. 8 - 01/01/2018 107.2-107.3 Repealed: 2005, c. 5, s. 73 (38). Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 1999, c. 6, s. 67 (39) - 01/03/2000 2005, c. 5, s. 73 (38) - 09/03/2005 Vocational rehabilitation 108 (1) Subsection 53 (2) of the pre-1997 Act shall be deemed to be amended by striking out “identifying the worker’s need for vocational rehabilitation services” in the fourth, fifth and sixth lines and substituting “deciding if assistance is required to facilitate the worker’s early and safe return to work or whether a labour market re-entry assessment is to be provided to the worker and section 42 of the Workplace Safety and Insurance Act, 1997 applies”. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 108 (1).

Same (2) Subsection 53 (2.1) of the pre-1997 Act shall be deemed to be amended by striking out “identifying the employer’s need for vocational rehabilitation services” in the third and fourth lines and substituting “deciding if assistance is required to facilitate the worker’s early and safe return to work or whether a labour market re-entry assessment is to be provided to the worker and section 42 of the Workplace Safety and Insurance Act, 1997 applies”. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 108 (2). Same (3) Subsection 53 (3) of the pre-1997 Act shall be deemed to be repealed and the following substituted: Assistance re: return to work (3) The Board shall assist the worker and the employer with the worker’s early and safe return to work if the Board considers it appropriate to do so. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 108 (3). Same (4) Subsections 53 (4) to (10) of the pre-1997 Act shall be deemed to be repealed. Subsections 42 (3) to (8) of this Act apply instead with respect to the preparation of a labour market re-entry plan for the worker. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 108 (4); 2000, c. 26, Sched. I, s. 1 (15). Same (5) If, before January 1, 1998, the Board has provided the worker with a vocational rehabilitation assessment but not a vocational rehabilitation program under subsection 53 (9) of the pre-1997 Act, the Board shall determine whether a labour market re-entry plan is to be prepared for the worker. Subsections 42 (3) to (8) of the Workplace Safety and Insurance Act, 1997 apply in the circumstances. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 108 (5). Same (6) If a worker was provided with a vocational rehabilitation program under the pre-1997 Act, it shall be deemed either as an early and safe return to work program or a labour market re-entry plan, as the circumstances require. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 108 (6). Same (7) Subsections 53 (10.1) to (13) of the pre-1997 Act shall be deemed to be repealed. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 108 (7). Same (8) The pre-1997 Act shall be deemed to be amended by striking out, (a) “medical and vocational rehabilitation” in the first and second lines of clause 43 (7) (d) and substituting “medical rehabilitation and return to work or labour market re-entry”; (b) “vocational rehabilitation program” in the second and third lines of clause 43 (8) (c) and substituting “labour market re-entry plan”; (c) “vocational or medical rehabilitation program” in the third and fourth lines of subsection 43 (9) and substituting “medical rehabilitation program, early and safe return to work program or labour market re-entry plan”; (d) “vocational rehabilitation services or programs provided” in the second and third lines of subsection 103 (4.1) and substituting “an early and safe return to work program or labour market re-entry plan that is provided to the worker”; and (e) “vocational rehabilitation services and programs” in the last two lines of subsection 103 (4.2) and substituting “an early and safe return to work program or a labour market re-entry plan that is provided to the worker”. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 108 (8). Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2000, c. 26, Sched. I, s. 1 (15) - 01/01/1998 108.1-108.5 Repealed: 2005, c. 5, s. 73 (39). Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 1999, c. 6, s. 67 (40) - 01/03/2000 2005, c. 5, s. 73 (39) - 09/03/2005 Restoring rights 109 Any person whose benefits were terminated for reason of marriage or remarriage under subsection 36 (2) or 37 (1) of the Workers’ Compensation Act, as it read on March 31, 1985, may apply to the Board for a reinstatement of benefits, and the Board shall reinstate the benefits, as of April 1, 1985. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 109. Permanent partial disability supplements 110 (1) Subsection 147 (1) of the pre-1997 Act shall be deemed to be amended by adding the following definition: “labour market re-entry plan” means a labour market re-entry plan prepared in accordance with section 42 of the Workplace Safety and Insurance Act, 1997. (“programme de réintégration sur le marché du travail”) Same (2) Subsection 147 (2) of the pre-1997 Act shall be deemed to be amended by striking out, (a) “vocational rehabilitation program” in the fourth and fifth lines and substituting “labour market re-entry plan”; and (b) “vocational rehabilitation” in the eighth line and substituting “completion of the plan”. Same (3) Subsection 147 (3) of the pre-1997 Act shall be deemed to be amended by striking out “vocational rehabilitation program” in the fourth line and substituting “labour market re-entry plan”. Same (4) Subsection 147 (4) of the pre-1997 Act shall be deemed to be amended by striking out, (a) “vocational rehabilitation program” in clause (a) and substituting “labour market re-entry plan”; and (b) “vocational rehabilitation program” in clause (b) and substituting “labour market re-entry plan”. Same (5) Clause 147 (6) (c) of the pre-1997 Act shall be deemed to be repealed and the following substituted: (c) the day the worker ceases to participate in a labour market re-entry plan. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 110. Same (6) Section 147 of the pre-1997 Act shall be deemed to be amended by adding the following subsections: Amount as adjusted annually (8.1) Subsection (8) does not apply with respect to the amount of the supplement, as that amount is adjusted annually under section 148. Same, transition (8.2) Despite subsection (8.1), subsection (8) continues to apply to the amount of a supplement, as that amount is adjusted annually under section 148, and payable under subsection (4) for any period before January 1, 2018, regardless of when the Board determines that the worker is entitled to the supplement. 2017, c. 8, Sched. 33, s. 7 (1). Same (7) Subsection 147 (13) of the pre-1997 Act shall be deemed to be amended by striking out “and recalculate” and substituting “and may recalculate”. 2017, c. 8, Sched. 33, s. 7 (1). Same (8) Paragraph 4 of subsection 147 (16) of the pre-1997 Act shall be deemed to be repealed. 2017, c. 8, Sched. 33, s. 7 (2). Same (9) Paragraph 4 of subsection 147 (17) of the pre-1997 Act shall be deemed to be repealed. 2017, c. 8, Sched. 33, s. 7 (2). Same (10) Subsections (11) and (12) apply to a worker who, on or after April 27, 2017 is entitled to the additional payment provided for in subsection 147 (14) of the pre-1997 Act, but whose payment was reduced under subsection 147 (16) or (17) of the pre-1997 Act as those subsections applied before the day subsection 7 (2) of Schedule 33 to the Stronger, Healthier Ontario Act (Budget Measures), 2017 comes into force. 2017, c. 8, Sched. 33, s. 7 (2). Same (11) If the Board has made a decision relating to the calculation of a reduction made under subsection 147 (16) or (17) of the pre-1997 Act before the day subsection 7 (2) of Schedule 33 to the Stronger, Healthier Ontario Act (Budget Measures), 2017 comes into force, the worker who is in receipt of the reduced payment, or whose payment was reduced to nil, may request that the Board reconsider the claim, and the Board shall do the following: 1. The Board shall determine if the payment was reduced as a result of the application of paragraph 4 of subsection 147 (16) or 147 (17) of the pre-1997 Act, as the case may be, as those subsections applied before the day subsection 7 (2) of Schedule 33 to the Stronger, Healthier Ontario Act (Budget Measures), 2017 comes into force. 2. If the Board determines that the payment was not reduced in the manner described in paragraph 1, the Board shall advise the worker of its determination. 3. If the Board determines that the payment was reduced in the manner described in paragraph 1, the Board shall recalculate the reduction in accordance with subsection (8) or (9), as the case may be, and shall pay the worker any difference owing. 2017, c. 8, Sched. 33, s. 7 (2). Same (12) If the Appeals Tribunal has made a decision regarding a Board decision relating to the calculation of a reduction made under subsection 147 (16) or (17) of the pre-1997 Act before the day subsection 7 (2) of Schedule 33 to the Stronger, Healthier Ontario Act (Budget Measures), 2017 comes into force, the worker who is in receipt of the reduced payment, or whose payment was reduced to nil, may request that the Appeals Tribunal refer the decision back to the Board, and the Appeals Tribunal shall refer the decision back to the Board, and the Board shall follow the steps set out in paragraphs 1 to 3 of subsection (11). 2017, c. 8, Sched. 33, s. 7 (2). Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2017, c. 8, Sched. 33, s. 7 (1) - 31/12/2017; 2017, c. 8, Sched. 33, s. 7 (2) - 31/12/2017 Indexation of compensation payable on or after January 1, 2018 111 (1) This section applies for the purposes of determining compensation payable under the pre-1997 Act on or after January 1, 2018. 2015, c. 38, Sched. 23, s. 9. Same (2) Section 148 of the pre-1997 Act shall be deemed to be repealed and the following substituted: Indexation 148 (1) The indexing factor determined under subsection 49 (1) of the Workplace Safety and Insurance Act, 1997 applies with respect to the calculation of all compensation payable under this Act. Annual adjustment (2) On the 1st day of January in each year, beginning January 1, 2018, the Board shall, (a) adjust the dollar amounts set out in this Act and in provisions continued by Part III by applying the indexing factor to the amounts as adjusted under this Part on the preceding January; and (b) adjust the amounts payable under this Act and under provisions continued by Part III by applying the indexing factor to the amounts payable as adjusted under this Part on the preceding January. Increases prospective (3) Nothing in this section entitles a person to claim additional compensation under this Act for any period before January 1, 2018. Same, adjustments (4) Nothing in this section authorizes the Board to adjust amounts payable to a person under this Act for any period before January 1, 2018. 2015, c. 38, Sched. 23, s. 9. Additional indexing factor (3) If an additional indexing factor is prescribed for the purposes of this subsection, on the prescribed date, the Board shall, (a) adjust the amounts set out in the pre-1997 Act and the amounts payable under that Act that are adjusted on January 1 by the indexing factor described in subsection 49 (1) of this Act, by the prescribed additional indexing factor; or (b) if the amounts set out in the pre-1997 Act and the amounts payable under that Act that are adjusted on January 1 by the indexing factor described in subsection 49 (1) of this Act were previously adjusted by a prescribed additional indexing factor in the same calendar year, adjust the amounts previously adjusted by the most recently prescribed additional indexing factor. 2024, c. 3, Sched. 4, s. 5. Same, January 1 (4) If the date prescribed for the purposes of subsection (3) is January 1, the Board may add the prescribed additional indexing factor to the indexing factor described in subsection 49 (1) and apply them to the amounts to be adjusted in a single calculation. 2024, c. 3, Sched. 4, s. 5. Same, new claims (5) If the date prescribed for the purposes of subsection (3) is a date other than January 1, on the prescribed date, the Board shall, (a) adjust amounts that first became payable under the pre-1997 Act between January 1 and the prescribed date by the prescribed additional indexing factor; and (b) if more than one additional indexing factor is prescribed in the same calendar year, adjust amounts previously adjusted by the most recently prescribed additional indexing factor. 2024, c. 3, Sched. 4, s. 5. Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2015, c. 38, Sched. 23, s. 9 - 01/01/2018 2024, c. 3, Sched. 4, s. 5 – 01/05/2024 Transition, indexation of compensation payable before January 1, 2018 111.1 (1) This section applies for the purposes of determining compensation payable under the pre-1997 Act before January 1, 2018. 2015, c. 38, Sched. 23, s. 9. Same (2) Subsections 148 (1) and (1.1) of the pre-1997 Act shall be deemed to be repealed and the following substituted: Indexation (1) Subject to subsection (1.2), the general indexing factor determined under subsection 49 (1) of the Workplace Safety and Insurance Act, 1997, as it read on December 31, 2017, applies with respect to the calculation of all compensation payable under this Act. 2015, c. 38, Sched. 23, s. 9. Same (3) That portion of subsection 148 (1.2) of the pre-1997 Act that precedes paragraph 1 shall be deemed to be repealed and the following substituted: Exception (1.2) The alternate indexing factor determined under subsection 50 (1) of the Workplace Safety and Insurance Act, 1997, as it read on December 31, 2017, applies with respect to the calculation of the following: . . . . . 2015, c. 38, Sched. 23, s. 9. Same (4) Paragraph 6 of subsection 148 (1.2) of the pre-1997 Act shall be deemed to be repealed. 2015, c. 38, Sched. 23, s. 9. Same (5) Subsection 148 (1.3) of the pre-1997 Act shall be deemed to be repealed. 2015, c. 38, Sched. 23, s. 9. Same (6) The pre-1997 Act shall be deemed to be amended by striking out “subsection 148 (1.3)” wherever it appears in paragraph 1 of subsection 43 (4), subparagraph 2 ii of subsection 43 (4), paragraph 1 of subsection 43 (5) and clause 43 (6.1) (b) and substituting in each case “subsection 148 (1.2)”. 2015, c. 38, Sched. 23, s. 9. Same (7) Subsection 148 (2) of the pre-1997 Act shall be deemed to be amended by striking out “the indexing factor” in clauses (a) and (b) and by substituting in clause (a) “the general indexing factor” and in clause (b) “the general or alternate indexing factor, as the case may be”. 2015, c. 38, Sched. 23, s. 9. Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2015, c. 38, Sched. 23, s. 9 - 01/01/2018 Jurisdiction of Appeals Tribunal 112 (1) Subsection 81 (1) and sections 84 and 86 of the pre-1997 Act shall be deemed to be repealed. Board of directors review (2) Section 93 of the pre-1997 Act shall be deemed to be repealed. Application (3) Sections 120 and 123, subsection 125 (2), section 126 and subsections 174 (1) to (5) of this Act apply, with necessary modifications, to pre-1998 injuries and to decisions of the Board rendered before January 1, 1998, but the time limits in section 120 and subsection 125 (2) apply only from January 1, 1998. Exception (4) Despite subsections (1) to (3), if, (a) a panel of the Appeals Tribunal has commenced a hearing or consideration of an application or appeal pursuant to section 17, 23, 71 or 84 of the Workers’ Compensation Act; or (b) the board of directors of the Board has exercised its discretion to review a decision of the Appeals Tribunal pursuant to section 93 of the Workers’ Compensation Act, and a final decision has not been made before this section comes into force, the panel or board of directors, as the case may be, may carry out and perform any duties and exercise any powers in connection with the application, appeal or review as though this section had not come into force. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 112. PART X UNINSURED EMPLOYMENT Application 113 (1) This Part applies with respect to industries that are not included in Schedule 1 or Schedule 2 and with respect to workers employed in those industries. Same (2) This Part applies with respect to the following types of workers who are employed in industries that are included in Schedule 1 or Schedule 2: 1. Persons whose employment by an employer is of a casual nature and who are employed otherwise than for the purposes of the employer’s industry. 2. Persons to whom articles or materials are given out to be made up, cleaned, washed, altered, ornamented, finished, repaired or adapted for sale in the person’s own home or on other premises not under the control or management of the person who gave out the articles or materials. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 113. Employer’s liability 114 (1) A worker may bring an action for damages against his or her employer for an injury that occurs in any of the following circumstances: 1. The worker is injured by reason of a defect in the condition or arrangement of the ways, works, machinery, plant, buildings or premises used in the employer’s business or connected with or intended for that business. 2. The worker is injured by reason of the employer’s negligence. 3. The worker is injured by reason of the negligence of a person in the employer’s service who is acting within the scope of his or her employment. Same, deceased worker (2) If a worker dies as a result of an injury that occurs in a circumstance described in subsection (1), an action for damages may be brought against the employer by the worker’s estate or by a person entitled to damages under Part V of the Family Law Act. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 114. Liability of owner, etc. 115 (1) A worker may bring an action for damages against the person for whom work is being done under a contract and against the contractor and subcontractor, if any, for an injury that occurs in any of the following circumstances: 1. The injury occurs by reason of a defect in the condition or arrangement of any ways, works, machinery, plant, building or premises. The person for whom the work is being done owns or supplies the ways, works, machinery, plant, building or premises. 2. The injury occurs as a result of the negligence of the person for whom all or part of the work is being done. 3. The injury occurs as a result of the negligence of a person in the service of the person for whom all or part of the work is being done, and the person who was negligent was acting within the scope of his or her employment. Same (2) Nothing in subsection (1) affects any right or liability of the person for whom the work is being done and the contractor and subcontractor as among themselves. Same (3) The worker is not entitled to recover damages under this section as well as under section 114 for the same injury. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 115. Voluntary assumption of risk 116 (1) An injured worker shall not be considered to have voluntarily incurred the risk of injury in his or her employment solely on the grounds that, before he or she was injured, he or she knew about the defect or negligence that caused the injury. Certain common law rules abrogated (2) An injured worker shall not be considered to have voluntarily incurred the risk of injury that results from the negligence of his or her fellow workers. Contributory negligence (3) In an action for damages for an injury that occurs when a worker is in the service of an employer, contributory negligence by the worker is not a bar to recovery, (a) by the injured worker; or (b) if the worker dies as a result of the injury, by a person entitled to damages under Part V of the Family Law Act. Same (4) The worker’s contributory negligence, if any, shall be taken into account in assessing the damages in such an action. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 116. Insurance proceeds 117 (1) If an employer is insured against the employer’s liability to a worker for damages, the employer’s insurance shall be deemed to be for the benefit of the worker. Same (2) If the worker suffers an injury for which he or she is entitled to recover damages from the employer, the insurer shall not, without the consent of the worker, pay to the employer the amount for which the insurer is liable in respect of the injury until the worker’s claim has been satisfied. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 117. PART XI DECISIONS AND APPEALS Decisions by the Board Jurisdiction 118 (1) The Board has exclusive jurisdiction to examine, hear and decide all matters and questions arising under this Act, except where this Act provides otherwise. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 118 (1). Same (2) Without limiting the generality of subsection (1), the Board has exclusive jurisdiction to determine the following matters: 1. Whether an industry or a part, branch or department of an industry falls within a class or group of industries in Schedule 1 or in Schedule 2 and, if so, which one. 2. Whether personal injury or death has been caused by an accident. 3. Whether an accident arose out of and in the course of an employment by a Schedule 1 or Schedule 2 employer. 4. Whether a person is co-operating in reaching his or her maximum medical recovery, in returning to work or in the preparation and implementation of a labour market re-entry plan. 5. Whether an employer has fulfilled his, her or its obligations under the insurance plan to return a worker to work or re-employ the worker. 6. Whether a labour market re-entry plan for a person is to be prepared and implemented. 7. Whether loss of earnings has resulted from an injury. 8. Whether permanent impairment has resulted from an injury, and the degree of the impairment. 9. The amount of a person’s average earnings and net average earnings. 10. Whether a person is a spouse, child or dependant of an injured worker for the purposes of the insurance plan. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 118 (2); 1999, c. 6, s. 67 (41); 2005, c. 5, s. 73 (40). Finality of decision (3) An action or decision of the Board under this Act is final and is not open to question or review in a court. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 118 (3). Same (4) No proceeding by or before the Board shall be restrained by injunction, prohibition or other process or procedure in a court or be removed by application for judicial review or otherwise into a court. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 118 (4). Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 1999, c. 6, s. 67 (41) - 01/03/2000 2005, c. 5, s. 73 (40) - 09/03/2005 Board: miscellaneous rules Principle of decisions 119 (1) The Board shall make its decision based upon the merits and justice of a case and it is not bound by legal precedent. Same (2) If, in connection with a claim for benefits under the insurance plan, it is not practicable to decide an issue because the evidence for or against it is approximately equal in weight, the issue shall be resolved in favour of the person claiming benefits. Hearing (3) The Board shall give an opportunity for a hearing. Hearings (4) The Board may conduct hearings orally, electronically or in writing. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 119. Objection to Board decision 120 (1) A worker, survivor, employer, parent or other person acting in the role of a parent under subsection 48 (20) or beneficiary designated by the worker under subsection 45 (9) who objects to a decision of the Board shall file a notice of objection with the Board, (a) in the case of a decision concerning return to work or a labour market re-entry plan, within 30 days after the decision is made or within such longer period as the Board may permit; and (b) in any other case, within six months after the decision is made or within such longer period as the Board may permit. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 120 (1); 2021, c. 4, Sched. 11, s. 42 (6). Notice of objection (2) The notice of objection must be in writing and must indicate why the decision is incorrect or why it should be changed. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 120 (2). Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2021, c. 4, Sched. 11, s. 42 (6) - 19/04/2021 Power to reconsider 121 The Board may reconsider any decision made by it and may confirm, amend or revoke it The Board may do so at any time if it considers it advisable to do so. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 121. Mediation 122 (1) The Board may provide mediation services in such circumstances as it considers appropriate. Time limit, return to work, etc. (2) If the mediation relates to an objection to a decision by the Board concerning return to work or a labour market re-entry plan and if the mediation is unsuccessful, the Board shall decide the matter within 60 days after receiving the notice of objection or within such longer period as the Board may permit. Role of mediator (3) The mediator shall not participate in any application or proceeding relating to the matter that is the subject of mediation unless the parties to the application or proceeding consent. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 122. Appeals Tribunal Jurisdiction 123 (1) The Appeals Tribunal has exclusive jurisdiction to hear and decide, (a) all appeals from final decisions of the Board with respect to entitlement to health care, return to work, labour market re-entry and entitlement to other benefits under the insurance plan; (b) all appeals from final decisions of the Board with respect to transfer of costs, an employer’s classification under the insurance plan and the amount of the premiums and penalties payable by a Schedule 1 employer and the amounts and penalties payable by a Schedule 2 employer; and (c) such other matters as are assigned to the Appeals Tribunal under this Act. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 123 (1). Same (2) For greater certainty, the jurisdiction of the Appeals Tribunal under subsection (1) does not include the jurisdiction to hear and decide an appeal from decisions made under the following Parts or provisions: 1. Repealed: 2011, c. 11, s. 22. 2. Sections 26 to 30 (rights of action) and 36 (health examination). 3. Section 60, subsections 62 (1) to (3) and sections 64 and 65 (payment of benefits). 4. Subsections 81 (1) to (6), 81.1 (1) to (3), 83 (1) and (2) and section 85 (allocation of payments). 5. Part VIII (insurance fund). 6. Part XII (enforcement), other than decisions concerning whether security must be given under section 137 or whether a person is liable under subsection 146 (2) to make payments. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 123 (2); 2011, c. 11, s. 22; 2019, c. 9, Sched. 13, s. 2. Decisions on an appeal (3) On an appeal, the Appeals Tribunal may confirm, vary or reverse the decision of the Board. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 123 (3). Finality of decision (4) An action or decision of the Appeals Tribunal under this Act is final and is not open to question or review in a court. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 123 (4). Same (5) No proceeding by or before the Appeals Tribunal shall be restrained by injunction, prohibition or other process or procedure in a court or be removed by application for judicial review or otherwise into a court. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 123 (5). Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2011, c. 11, s. 22 - 01/04/2012 2019, c. 9, Sched. 13, s. 2 - 06/06/2019 Appeals Tribunal: miscellaneous rules Principle of decision 124 (1) The Appeals Tribunal shall make its decision based upon the merits and justice of a case and it is not bound by legal precedent. Same (2) If, in connection with a claim for benefits under the insurance plan, it is not practicable to decide an issue because the evidence for or against it is approximately equal in weight, the issue shall be resolved in favour of the person claiming benefits. Hearings (3) The Appeals Tribunal may conduct hearings orally, electronically or in writing. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 124. Appeal 125 (1) A worker, employer, survivor, parent or other person acting in the role of a parent under subsection 48 (20) or beneficiary designated by the worker under subsection 45 (9) may appeal a final decision of the Board to the Appeals Tribunal. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 125 (1); 2021, c. 4, Sched. 11, s. 42 (7). Notice of appeal (2) The person shall file a notice of appeal with the Appeals Tribunal within six months after the decision or within such longer period as the tribunal may permit. The notice of appeal must be in writing and must indicate why the decision is incorrect or why it should be changed. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 125 (2). Notice by Appeals Tribunal (3) The Appeals Tribunal shall promptly notify the Board and the parties of record of the appeal and the issues to be decided on the appeal and shall give them copies of any written submissions made in connection with the appeal. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 125 (3). Board records, etc. (4) The Board shall give the Appeals Tribunal a copy of its records relating to the appeal promptly upon being notified of the appeal. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 125 (4). Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2021, c. 4, Sched. 11, s. 42 (7) - 19/04/2021 Board policies 126 (1) If there is an applicable Board policy with respect to the subject-matter of an appeal, the Appeals Tribunal shall apply it when making its decision. Notice of Board policies (2) The Board shall state in writing which policy, if any, applies to the subject-matter of an appeal after receiving notice of the appeal under subsection 125 (3). Same (3) If the Board does not state that a particular policy applies in respect of the subject-matter of an appeal, the tribunal may ask the Board to notify it if there is an applicable policy and the Board shall do so as soon as practicable. Referral by Appeals tribunal (4) If the tribunal, in a particular case, concludes that a Board policy of which it is notified is inconsistent with, or not authorized by, the Act or does not apply to the case, the tribunal shall not make a decision until it refers the policy to the Board for its review and the Board issues a direction under subsection (8). Same (5) The tribunal shall make the referral in writing and state the reasons for its conclusion. Board review (6) If there is a referral under subsection (4), the Board shall review the policy to determine whether it is consistent with, or authorized by, the Act or whether it applies to the case. Submissions (7) The Board shall provide the parties to the appeal in respect of which there is a referral an opportunity to make written submissions with respect to the policy. Board direction (8) Within 60 days after a referral to it, the Board shall issue a written direction, with reasons, to the tribunal that determines the issue raised in the tribunal’s referral under subsection (4). 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 126. Time limit for decisions 127 (1) The Appeals Tribunal shall decide an appeal within 120 days after the hearing of the appeal ends or within such longer period as the tribunal may permit. Transition (2) If a notice of appeal is filed before January 1, 1998 and the Appeals Tribunal hears but does not decide the appeal before that date, the tribunal shall decide it not later than April 30, 1998 or such later date as the tribunal may permit. Same (3) If a notice of appeal is filed before January 1, 1998 and the Appeals Tribunal does not hear the appeal before that date, the tribunal shall decide it within 120 days after the hearing ends or within such longer period as the tribunal may permit. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 127. Periodic payments pending decision 128 Periodic payments required by a decision that is under appeal must continue pending the outcome of the appeal. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 128. Power to reconsider 129 The Appeals Tribunal may reconsider its decision and may confirm, amend or revoke it The tribunal may do so at any time if it considers it advisable to do so. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 129. Mediation 130 The Appeals Tribunal may provide mediation services in such circumstances as it considers appropriate. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 130. Procedural and Other Powers Practice and procedure 131 (1) The Board shall determine its own practice and procedure in relation to applications, proceedings and mediation With the approval of the Lieutenant Governor in Council, the Board may make rules governing its practice and procedure. Same, Appeals Tribunal (2) Subsection (1) applies with necessary modifications with respect to the Appeals Tribunal. Non-application (3) The Statutory Powers Procedure Act does not apply with respect to decisions and proceedings of the Board or the Appeals Tribunal. Notice of decisions (4) The Board or the Appeals Tribunal, as the case may be, shall promptly notify the parties of record of its decision in writing and the reasons for the decision. The Appeals Tribunal shall also notify the Board of the decision. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 131. Certain powers Powers re proceedings 132 (1) The Board and the Appeals Tribunal may do the following things in connection with a proceeding: 1. Summon and enforce the attendance of witnesses and compel them to give oral or written evidence on oath or affirmation. These powers may be exercised in the same manner as a court of record in civil proceedings. 2. Require persons to produce such documents or things as the Board or tribunal considers necessary to make its decision. This power may be exercised in the same manner as a court of record in civil proceedings. 3. Accept such oral or written evidence as the Board or tribunal considers proper, whether or not it would be admissible in a court. Powers of entry and inspection, etc. (2) The Board and the Appeals Tribunal may do the following things in the exercise of their power to make decisions: 1. Enter premises where work is being done or has been done by a worker or in which an employer carries on business (whether or not the premises are those of the employer). 2. Inspect anything on the premises. 3. Make inquiries of any person on the premises. 4. Post notices on the premises. Posting notices (3) The Board or the Appeals Tribunal may require a person to post a notice in a conspicuous place on the person’s premises and to keep the notice posted, if the Board or tribunal considers it necessary for the purposes of this Act. Authorization (4) The Board or the Appeals Tribunal may authorize a person to do anything that the Board or tribunal can do under this section and may require the person to report when he or she does so. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 132. Payment of expenses of witnesses, etc. 133 (1) The Board or the Appeals Tribunal may pay the reasonable travel and living expenses of, and other allowances for, (a) a worker and his or her witnesses; (b) the survivors of a deceased worker and their witnesses; (c) the parent or other person referred to in subsection 48 (20); or (d) a designated beneficiary referred to in subsection 45 (9). 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 133 (1); 2021, c. 4, Sched. 11, s. 42 (8). Same (2) Amounts paid under subsection (1) are expenses of the Board or the Appeals Tribunal, as the case may be. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 133 (2). Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2021, c. 4, Sched. 11, s. 42 (8) - 19/04/2021 Health professionals 134 (1) The chair of the Appeals Tribunal may establish a list of health professionals upon whom the tribunal may call for assistance in determining matters of fact in a proceeding The list must not include employees of the tribunal or the Board. Remuneration (2) The chair shall determine the remuneration to be paid to a health professional who assists the Appeals Tribunal and, in doing so, shall take into account any fee schedule established by the Board for services provided by health professionals. Same (3) The Appeals Tribunal shall pay a health professional the amount determined by the chair. Assistance by health professional (4) The Appeals Tribunal may call upon a health professional on the list for assistance at any time before or during a proceeding. Restriction (5) The Appeals Tribunal shall not call upon a particular health professional for assistance in any of the following circumstances except with the written consent of the parties to the proceeding: 1. If the health professional has previously examined the worker whose claim is the subject of the proceeding. 2. If the health professional has previously treated the worker or a member of his or her family. 3. If the health professional has acted as a consultant in the treatment of the worker or as a consultant to the employer. 4. If the health professional is a partner to a health professional described in paragraph 1, 2 or 3. Health examination (6) If the chair or a vice chair of the Appeals Tribunal determines that an issue on an appeal concerns the Board’s decision on a health report or opinion, the chair or vice chair may require the worker to submit to an examination by a health professional (selected by the chair or vice chair) and the worker shall do so. Same (7) The health professional shall give the Appeals Tribunal a written report on his or her examination of the worker and the tribunal shall give a copy of the report to the parties for the purpose of receiving their submissions on it. Failure to comply (8) If a worker fails to comply with subsection (6) or obstructs the examination without reasonable cause, the Appeals Tribunal may suspend payments to the worker under the insurance plan and may suspend the worker’s right to a final decision by the tribunal while the non-compliance or obstruction continues. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 134. PART XII ENFORCEMENT Powers of Examination and Investigation Examination and inspection Examination, etc., of records 135 (1) The Board or a person authorized by it may examine the books and accounts of an employer and may investigate and make such inquiries as the Board considers necessary for the following purposes: 1. To ascertain whether a statement given to the Board by the employer is accurate. 2. To ascertain the amount of the employer’s payroll. 3. To ascertain whether the employer is a Schedule 1 or a Schedule 2 employer. 4. To ascertain whether an employer has contravened section 22.1, 22.2, 80 or 88. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 135 (1); 2015, c. 34, Sched. 3, s. 3 (1); 2025, c. 13, Sched. 7, s. 4 (1). Inspection of premises (2) The Board may enter into the establishment of an employer and the premises connected with the establishment for the following purposes: 1. To ascertain whether the ways, works, machinery or appliances in the establishment or on the premises are safe, adequate and sufficient. 2. To ascertain whether all proper precautions are being taken to prevent accidents to the workers employed in or about the establishment or premises. 3. To ascertain whether the safety appliances or safeguards required by law are used and employed in the establishment or on the premises. 4. For such other purpose as the Board considers necessary to determine the proportion in which the employer should make payments under this Act. 5. To ascertain whether an employer has contravened section 22.1, 22.2, 80 or 88. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 135 (2); 2015, c. 34, Sched. 3, s. 3 (2); 2025, c. 13, Sched. 7, s. 4 (2). Order for search and seizure (3) The Board may apply without notice to a judge of the Superior Court of Justice for an order authorizing one or more persons designated by the Board (together with such police officers as they may call upon for assistance), (a) to enter and search a building, receptacle or place for books and accounts of an employer and to do so by force if necessary; (b) to remove the books and accounts for the purpose of examining them; and (c) to retain the books and accounts until the examination is completed. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 135 (3); 2000, c. 26, Sched. I, s. 1 (16). Same (4) The court may issue such an order. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 135 (4). Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2000, c. 26, Sched. I, s. 1 (16) - 06/12/2000 2015, c. 34, Sched. 3, s. 3 (1, 2) - 10/12/2015 2025, c. 13, Sched. 7, s. 4 (1, 2) - 27/11/2025 Application of Public Inquiries Act, 2009 136 (1) Section 33 of the Public Inquiries Act, 2009 applies to an examination, investigation and inspection conducted by the Board or any person appointed by the Board. 2009, c. 33, Sched. 6, s. 91. Identification (2) A person appointed by the Board to conduct an examination, investigation or inspection shall produce evidence of his or her appointment upon request when conducting an examination, investigation or inspection. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 136 (2). Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2009, c. 33, Sched. 6, s. 91 - 01/06/2011 Enforcement of Payment Obligations Security for payment 137 (1) The Board may require an employer to give the Board security for the payment of amounts that are or may become due under the insurance plan. Same (2) The Board may specify the type and amount of security to be provided and may vary the type and amount if it considers it appropriate to do so. Same (3) The employer shall provide the security within 15 days after being directed to do so. Enforcement (4) The Board may enforce an obligation to provide security as if it were an obligation by the employer to make a payment under this Act. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 137. Set-off and other remedies Right of set-off 138 (1) The Board may deduct from money payable to a person by the Board all or part of an amount owing under this Act by the person. Other remedies (2) The Board may pursue such other remedies as it considers appropriate to recover an amount owing to it. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 138. Enforcement by the courts 139 (1) If a person does not pay amounts owing under this Act when they become due, the Board may issue a certificate stating that the person is in default under this Act and setting out the amount owed and the person to whom it is owed. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 139 (1). Same (2) The Board may file the certificate with the Superior Court of Justice or with the Small Claims Court and it shall be entered in the same way as an order of that court and is enforceable as such. Despite any other rule of the court, the Board may file the certificate by mail and personal attendance at the court is not required. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 139 (2); 2000, c. 26, Sched. I, s. 1 (17). Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2000, c. 26, Sched. I, s. 1 (17) - 06/12/2000 Enforcement through municipal tax rolls 140 (1) If an employer does not pay amounts owing under this Act within 30 days after they become due, the Board may issue a certificate setting out the employer’s status under this Act and the address of the employer’s establishment, stating that the employer is more than 30 days in default under this Act and setting out the amount owed. Same (2) The Board may give the certificate to the clerk of a municipality in which the employer’s establishment is located. The clerk shall enter the amount owed by the employer on the collector’s roll as if it were taxes due from the employer in respect of the establishment. Same (3) The collector shall collect the amount as if it were taxes due from the employer and shall pay the amount collected to the Board. The collector may collect an additional 5 per cent in the same manner and shall keep it to pay for the collector’s services. Same (4) The Board may issue certificates under this section and section 139 in respect of the same amount and may pursue both types of remedies. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 140. Contractors and subcontractors, except in construction Application 141 (1) This section applies when a person retains a contractor or subcontractor to perform work in an industry included in Schedule 1 or Schedule 2, other than construction. 2008, c. 20, s. 5. Deemed employer (2) The Board may determine that the person is deemed to be the employer of the workers employed by the contractor or subcontractor to perform the work, and in that case the person is liable to pay the premiums payable by the contractor or subcontractor in respect of their workers as if the person were the contractor or subcontractor. 2008, c. 20, s. 5. Right to reimbursement (3) Subject to subsection (4), the person is entitled to be reimbursed by the contractor or subcontractor for amounts paid under subsection (2) in respect of workers employed by the contractor or subcontractor. 2008, c. 20, s. 5. Same (4) The Board shall determine the extent of the contractor’s or subcontractor’s liability under subsection (3). 2008, c. 20, s. 5. Right of set-off (5) The person may deduct amounts for which the contractor or subcontractor is liable under subsection (3) from money payable to the contractor or subcontractor. 2008, c. 20, s. 5. Obligation to pay (6) If the person is not deemed to be the employer under subsection (2), the person, (a) shall ensure that the contractor or subcontractor complies with the contractor’s or subcontractor’s obligations to make payments under the insurance plan as an employer; and (b) is liable to the extent the contractor or subcontractor does not meet those obligations. 2008, c. 20, s. 5. Right of indemnity (7) The person is entitled to be indemnified by the contractor or subcontractor for amounts paid under subsection (6). 2008, c. 20, s. 5. Role of Board (8) The Board shall determine all issues relating to subsections (6) and (7). 2008, c. 20, s. 5. Liability of contractor, subcontractor (9) Nothing in this section prevents the Board from requiring the contractor or subcontractor to pay premiums or reimburse the Board in respect of workers who have a deemed employer under this section. 2008, c. 20, s. 5. Certificates (10) For the purposes of this section, the Board may issue a certificate to the person who retains a contractor or subcontractor, or to the contractor or subcontractor, on such terms and conditions as it considers appropriate, confirming that the contractor or subcontractor has complied with the contractor’s or subcontractor’s obligations to make payments under the insurance plan. 2008, c. 20, s. 5. Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2008, c. 20, s. 5 - 01/01/2013 Contractors and subcontractors in construction Application 141.1 (1) This section applies when a person directly retains a contractor or subcontractor to perform construction work. 2008, c. 20, s. 5. Duty of person who retains contractor or subcontractor (2) A person who directly retains a contractor or subcontractor to perform construction work, (a) shall ensure that the contractor or subcontractor complies with the contractor’s or subcontractor’s payment obligations under this Act in respect of the work; and (b) is liable for those obligations, to the extent that the contractor or subcontractor does not comply with them. 2008, c. 20, s. 5. Right to reimbursement (3) Subject to subsection (4), the person is entitled to be reimbursed by the contractor or subcontractor for amounts paid under subsection (2). 2008, c. 20, s. 5. Same (4) The Board shall determine the extent of the contractor’s or subcontractor’s liability under subsection (3). 2008, c. 20, s. 5. Right of set-off (5) The person may deduct amounts for which the contractor or subcontractor is liable under subsection (3) from money payable to the contractor or subcontractor. 2008, c. 20, s. 5. Right of indemnity (6) The person is entitled to be indemnified by the contractor or subcontractor for amounts paid under subsection (2). 2008, c. 20, s. 5. Role of Board (7) The Board shall determine all issues relating to subsections (2) and (6). 2008, c. 20, s. 5. Exempt home renovation work (8) Subsections (1) to (7) do not apply in respect of a person who directly retains a contractor or subcontractor to perform exempt home renovation work as defined in subsection 12.2 (10). 2008, c. 20, s. 5. Exception, compliance with s. 141.2 (9) Subsections (1) to (7) do not apply in respect of a person who complies with section 141.2. 2008, c. 20, s. 5. Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2008, c. 20, s. 5 - 01/01/2013 Construction work, obligations respecting certificates Application 141.2 (1) This section applies in respect of a person who directly retains a contractor or subcontractor to perform construction work. 2008, c. 20, s. 5. Obtaining certificate (2) Before permitting the contractor or subcontractor to begin construction work, the person shall obtain a certificate or a copy of a certificate issued under subsection (3). 2008, c. 20, s. 5. Issuance by Board (3) If the Board is satisfied that the contractor or subcontractor has registered with the Board and complied with the payment obligations under this Act, it shall issue to the contractor or subcontractor or to the person, on request, a certificate that, (a) confirms the registration and compliance; and (b) states the period during which the certificate is in effect. 2008, c. 20, s. 5.

Revocation (4) The Board may, at any time, revoke the certificate by giving a written notice of revocation to the contractor or subcontractor. 2008, c. 20, s. 5. Notice (5) On receiving the notice of revocation under subsection (4), the contractor or subcontractor shall immediately inform the person. 2008, c. 20, s. 5. New certificate (6) The person shall obtain a new certificate from the Board or from the contractor or subcontractor if, before the construction work is completed, (a) the certificate expires; or (b) the certificate is revoked and the person becomes aware of the fact. 2008, c. 20, s. 5. Prohibition (7) The contractor or subcontractor shall not perform construction work for the person during a period for which no certificate is in effect. 2008, c. 20, s. 5. Same (8) The person shall not permit the contractor or subcontractor to perform construction work for the person during a period for which the person is aware that no certificate is in effect. 2008, c. 20, s. 5. Retention of certificate or copy (9) The person shall keep a certificate or copy of a certificate obtained under this section for at least three years after the date it is obtained, and shall produce it for inspection at the request of the Board or of a person appointed or authorized by the Board. 2008, c. 20, s. 5. Exempt home renovation work (10) Subsections (1) to (9) do not apply in respect of a person who directly retains a contractor or subcontractor to perform exempt home renovation work as defined in subsection 12.2 (10). 2008, c. 20, s. 5. Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2008, c. 20, s. 5 - 01/01/2013 Lienholder under Construction Act 142 (1) This section applies if a Schedule 1 employer is entitled to a lien under the Construction Act at a premises. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 142 (1); 2017, c. 24, s. 82 (1, 3). Liability of owner (2) The owner (as defined in the Construction Act) of the premises has a duty to see that the employer pays the premiums to the Board relating to the work or service performed for the owner and, if the owner fails to do so, the owner is liable to make those payments to the Board. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 142 (2); 2017, c. 24, s. 82 (2, 3). Enforcement (3) The Board may enforce the obligation on the owner as if it were an obligation by an employer to pay premiums under the insurance plan. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 142 (3). Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2017, c. 24, s. 82 (1, 2) - 12/12/2017; 2017, c. 24, s. 82 (3) - 01/07/2018 Licensee, Crown Forest Sustainability Act, 1994 143 (1) If a licence is granted under Part III of the Crown Forest Sustainability Act, 1994 and forest resources are harvested or used for a designated purpose under that Act by a person other than the licensee, the licensee shall ensure that the premiums, if any, payable by the other person under the insurance plan are paid The licensee is liable to the extent that the other person does not pay the premiums. Indemnification, etc. (2) The licensee is entitled to be indemnified by the other person for premiums paid by the licensee and may deduct from money payable to the other person the amount of the premiums paid by the licensee. Same (3) The Board shall determine all issues relating to the rights of the licensee under subsection (2) and the amount to which the licensee is entitled. Enforcement (4) The Board may enforce a licensee’s obligation to pay premiums as if the licensee were an employer. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 143. Preference upon certain distributions 144 (1) This section applies when a person owes money under this Act to the Board or to another person and, (a) the person who owes the money is an individual who dies; (b) the person who owes the money is a corporation that is being wound up; or (c) there is an assignment of all or part of the assets of the person who owes the money. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 144 (1). Same (2) For the purposes of the Assignments and Preferences Act, the Corporations Act, the Not-for-Profit Corporations Act, 2010 and the Trustee Act, amounts due under this Act immediately before the effective date described in subsection (4) shall be deemed to be amounts to be paid in priority to all other debts. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 144 (2); 2010, c. 15, s. 248 (2). Commuted value (3) If the person who owes money under this Act is required to make periodic payments under this Act after the effective date, the Board shall calculate the commuted value of the periodic payments. The commuted value shall be deemed to be due immediately before the effective date. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 144 (3). Effective date (4) For the purposes of this section, the effective date is the date of death of the individual, the date on which the winding up of the corporation begins or the date on which the assets are assigned. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 144 (4). Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2010, c. 15, s. 248 (2) - 19/10/2021 Lien upon property 145 (1) Subject to subsection (2), the amount set out in a certificate filed with the court under subsection 139 (2) is, after municipal taxes, a first lien upon all of the property of the employer used in connection with the industry with respect to which the employer is required to make payments under the insurance plan. Notice of lien (2) The lien is effective only if, (a) notice of the lien is filed by way of writ of seizure and sale in the office of the sheriff for the area in which the affected property is situated; and (b) a copy of the writ is delivered by the sheriff or by registered mail to the proper land registrar, if affected land is registered under the Land Titles Act. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 145. Obligations of successor employers 146 (1) This section applies when an employer sells, leases, transfers or otherwise disposes of all or part of the employer’s business either directly or indirectly to another person other than a trustee in bankruptcy under the Bankruptcy and Insolvency Act (Canada), a receiver, a liquidator under the Winding-up and Restructuring Act (Canada) or a person who acquires any or all of the employer’s business pursuant to an arrangement under the Companies’ Creditors Arrangement Act (Canada). 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 146 (1); 2017, c. 34, Sched. 45, s. 3. Liability of person (2) The person is liable to pay all amounts owing under this Act by the employer immediately before the disposition.1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 146 (2). Enforcement (3) The Board may enforce the obligation against the person as if the person had been the employer at all relevant times. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 146 (3). Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2017, c. 34, Sched. 45, s. 3 - 14/12/2017 Overpayments 147 (1) An overpayment made by the Board to a person under this Act is an amount owing to the Board at the time the overpayment is made. Amount (2) The amount of the overpayment is as determined by the Board. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 147. Enforcement policies 148 (1) The Board shall develop policies governing the circumstances in which the powers under subsections 12 (8) and (9), subsection 12.2 (3) and sections 76, 137, 139 and 146 are to be exercised and setting out criteria governing the fair, reasonable and timely exercise of those powers. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 148 (1); 2008, c. 20, s. 6. Same (2) The Board shall be bound by the policies in its administration of those sections. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 148 (2). Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2008, c. 20, s. 6 - 01/01/2013 Offences and Penalties Offences Offence, false or misleading statement 149 (1) A person who knowingly makes a false or misleading statement or representation to the Board in connection with any person’s claim for benefits under the insurance plan is guilty of an offence. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 149 (1). Same, material change in circumstances (2) A person who wilfully fails to inform the Board of a material change in circumstances in connection with his or her entitlement to benefits within 10 days after the change occurs is guilty of an offence. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 149 (2). Same (3) An employer who wilfully fails to inform the Board of a material change in circumstances in connection with an obligation of the employer under this Act within 10 days after the change occurs is guilty of an offence. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 149 (3). Same, by supplier, etc. (4) A person who knowingly makes a false or misleading statement or representation to the Board to obtain payment for goods or services provided to the Board, whether or not the Board received the goods or services, is guilty of an offence. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 149 (4). Same, material change in circumstances, s. 12.2 (9) (4.1) A person who wilfully fails to comply with subsection 12.2 (9) is guilty of an offence. 2008, c. 20, s. 7. Same, false or misleading statement, s. 12.3 (4) (4.2) A person who knowingly makes a false or misleading statement or representation in a declaration made under subsection 12.3 (4) is guilty of an offence. 2008, c. 20, s. 7. Same, material change in circumstances, s. 12.3 (6), (7) (4.3) A person who wilfully fails to comply with subsection 12.3 (6) or (7) is guilty of an offence. 2008, c. 20, s. 7. Restitution order (5) If a person is convicted of an offence under this section, the court may also order the person to pay to the Board any money received by the person or obtained by the person on behalf of another person by reason of the commission of the offence. The money payable to the Board shall be deemed to be an amount owing under this Act. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 149 (5). (6) Repealed: 2001, c. 9, Sched. I, s. 4 (3). Other remedies (7) Subsection (5) does not limit the right of the Board to take such other steps as it considers appropriate to recover an amount owing to it. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 149 (7). Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2001, c. 9, Sched. I, s. 4 (3) - 29/06/2001 2008, c. 20, s. 7 - 01/01/2013 Offence, confidential information 150 (1) An employer or employer’s representative who contravenes subsection 37 (4), 59 (6) or 181 (3) is guilty of an offence. Same, Board employees, etc. (2) A person who contravenes subsection 181 (1) is guilty of an offence. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 150. Offences, ss. 75, 76 Offence, employer registration, etc. 151 (1) An employer who fails to register or to provide the information required under section 75 is guilty of an offence. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 151 (1). Same, false information (1.1) An employer who knowingly provides false or misleading information under section 75 is guilty of an offence. 2000, c. 26, Sched. I, s. 1 (18). Same, change of status (2) An employer who fails to comply with section 76 is guilty of an offence. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 151 (2). Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2000, c. 26, Sched. I, s. 1 (18) - 06/12/2000 Offence, s. 12.3 (1) to (3) 151.1 A person who fails to comply with subsection 12.3 (1), (2) or (3) is guilty of an offence. 2008, c. 20, s. 8. Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2008, c. 20, s. 8 - 01/01/2013 Offences, s. 141.2 151.2 (1) A person who fails to comply with subsection 141.2 (2), (6) or (9) or contravenes subsection 141.2 (8) is guilty of an offence. 2008, c. 20, s. 8. Same (2) A contractor or subcontractor who fails to comply with subsection 141.2 (5) or contravenes subsection 141.2 (7) is guilty of an offence. 2008, c. 20, s. 8. Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2008, c. 20, s. 8 - 01/01/2013 Offences, ss. 21, 78, 80 Offence, statements and records 152 (1) An employer who fails to comply with subsection 78 (1), (2) or (3) or 80 (1) is guilty of an offence. 2001, c. 9, Sched. I, s. 4 (4). Same (1.1) An employer who fails to comply with a requirement of the Board under subsection 78 (4) or 80 (2) is guilty of an offence. 2001, c. 9, Sched. I, s. 4 (4). Same (2) An employer who provides a statement under subsection 78 (1), (2), (3) or (4) that is not an accurate statement of a matter required to be set out in it is guilty of an offence. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 152 (2); 2000, c. 26, Sched. I, s. 1 (20). Same, notice of accident (3) An employer who fails to comply with section 21 is guilty of an offence. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 152 (3). Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2000, c. 26, Sched. I, s. 1 (19, 20) - 06/12/2000 2001, c. 9, Sched. I, s. 4 (4) - 29/06/2001 Offence, failure to pay premiums 152.1 (1) A person who fails to comply with section 88 is guilty of an offence. 2025, c. 13, Sched. 7, s. 5. Restitution order (2) If a person is convicted of an offence under this section, the court may also order the person to pay to the Board any money that is payable to the Board by the person under section 88 for any period prior to the conviction. The money payable to the Board shall be deemed to be an amount owing under this Act. 2025, c. 13, Sched. 7, s. 5. Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2025, c. 13, Sched. 7, s. 5 - 27/11/2025 Offence, obstruction 153 (1) A person who obstructs or hinders an examination, investigation or inquiry authorized by subsection 135 (1) is guilty of an offence. Same (2) A person who obstructs or hinders an inspection authorized by subsection 135 (2) is guilty of an offence. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 153. Offence, security for payment 154 An employer who fails to comply with a requirement of the Board under section 137 is guilty of an offence. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 154. Offence, deduction from wages 155 (1) An employer who contravenes subsection 95.1 (1) is guilty of an offence. 2000, c. 26, Sched. I, s. 1 (21). Restitution order (2) If a person is convicted of an offence under this section, the court shall also order the person to pay to the Board on behalf of an affected worker any sum deducted from the worker’s wages or any sum that the worker was required or permitted to pay in contravention of subsection 95.1 (1). The amount payable to the Board shall be deemed to be an amount owing under this Act. 2000, c. 26, Sched. I, s. 1 (21). Same (3) When the court makes an order under subsection (2), the Board shall pay the sum determined under the order to the worker. 2000, c. 26, Sched. I, s. 1 (21). Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2000, c. 26, Sched. I, s. 1 (21) - 06/12/2000 Offence, claim suppression 155.1 An employer who contravenes section 22.1 is guilty of an offence. 2015, c. 34, Sched. 3, s. 4. Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2015, c. 34, Sched. 3, s. 4 - 10/12/2015 Offence, regulations 156 (1) A person who contravenes or fails to comply with a regulation made under this Act is guilty of an offence. Restriction on prosecution (2) A prosecution shall not be instituted for an offence under this section except with the consent in writing of the Board. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 156. Offence by director, officer 157 If a corporation commits an offence under this Act, every director or officer of the corporation who knowingly authorized, permitted or acquiesced in the commission of the offence is guilty of an offence, whether or not the corporation has been prosecuted or convicted. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 157. Restriction on prosecution 157.1 (1) A prosecution for an offence under this Act shall not be commenced more than two years after the day on which the most recent act or omission upon which the prosecution is based comes to the knowledge of the Board. 2001, c. 9, Sched. I, s. 4 (5). Exception (2) Despite subsection (1), there is no limitation period for prosecuting an offence under section 149. 2001, c. 9, Sched. I, s. 4 (5). Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2001, c. 9, Sched. I, s. 4 (5) - 29/06/2001 Penalty 158 (1) A person who is convicted of an offence is liable to the following penalty: 1. If the person is an individual, he or she is liable to a fine not exceeding $25,000 or to imprisonment not exceeding six months or to both. 2. If the person is not an individual, the person is liable to a fine not exceeding $500,000. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 158 (1); 2015, c. 34, Sched. 3, s. 5. Same, two or more convictions for same offence in same proceeding (1.1) Despite subsection (1), if a person described in paragraph 2 of subsection (1) is convicted of two or more counts of the same offence in the same legal proceeding, the person is liable to a fine not exceeding $750,000 for each conviction. 2025, c. 13, Sched. 7, s. 6. Fines (2) Any fine paid as a penalty for a conviction under this Act shall be paid to the Board and shall form part of the insurance fund. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 158 (2). Aggravating factors, employer defendant (3) Each of the following circumstances shall be considered an aggravating factor for the purposes of determining a penalty under this section for a defendant who is an employer: 1. The defendant was previously convicted of an offence under this Act. 2. The defendant has been convicted of two or more counts of the same offence in the legal proceeding to which the determination of the penalty relates. 3. The defendant has a record of prior non-compliance with this Act. 2025, c. 13, Sched. 7, s. 6. Other factors still relevant (4) Nothing in this section shall be interpreted as limiting any factor, submission or inquiry as to penalty the court is otherwise permitted or required to take into account or make, as the case may be. 2025, c. 13, Sched. 7, s. 6. Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2015, c. 34, Sched. 3, s. 5 - 10/12/2015 2025, c. 13, Sched. 7, s. 6 - 27/11/2025 PART XIII ADMINISTRATION OF THE ACT Workplace Safety and Insurance Board Board: continued, powers, etc. Board continued 159 (1) The body corporate known as the Workers’ Compensation Board is continued under the name Workplace Safety and Insurance Board in English and Commission de la sécurité professionnelle et de l’assurance contre les accidents du travail in French and is composed of the members of its board of directors. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 159 (1). Powers of the Board (2) Subject to this Act, the Board has the powers of a natural person including the power, (a) to establish policies concerning the premiums payable by employers under the insurance plan; (a.1) to establish policies concerning the interpretation and application of this Act; (a.2) to establish policies concerning evidentiary requirements for establishing entitlement to benefits under the insurance plan; (a.3) to establish policies concerning the adjudicative principles to be applied for the purpose of determining entitlement to benefits under the insurance plan; (b) to review this Act and the regulations and recommend amendments or revisions to them; (c) to consider and approve annual operating and capital budgets; (d) to review and approve its investment policies; (e) to review and approve major changes in its programs; (f) to enact by-laws and pass resolutions for the adoption of a seal and the conduct of business and affairs; (g) to establish, maintain and regulate advisory councils or committees, their composition and their functions; (h) to provide, on such terms as it sees fit, financial assistance to an employer who will modify the work or workplace so that an injured worker or the spouse of a deceased worker may re-enter the labour force; (i) to establish a program to designate return to work and labour market re-entry service providers, to monitor the service providers’ performance and to charge them a fee for the cost of the program. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 159 (2); 1999, c. 6, s. 67 (42); 2005, c. 5, s. 73 (41); 2017, c. 8, Sched. 33, s. 8 (1). Same (2.1) A policy established under clause (2) (a.2) or (a.3) may provide that different evidentiary requirements or adjudicative principles apply to different types of entitlements, where it is appropriate, having regard to the different basis for and the characteristics of each entitlement. 2017, c. 8, Sched. 33, s. 8 (2). Employees (3) The Board may employ upon such terms as it approves such persons as it considers necessary for its purposes. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 159 (3). (4) Spent: 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 159 (4). Investigations, research and training (5) The Board may undertake and carry on investigations, research and training and, for those purposes, may make grants to individuals, institutions and organizations in such amounts and subject to such conditions as the Board considers acceptable and may publish the results of the investigations and research. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 159 (5). First aid requirements (5.1) The Board may require employers in such industries as it considers appropriate to have such first aid appliances and services as may be prescribed. 2011, c. 11, s. 23 (1). Repeal (5.2) Subsection (5.1) is repealed on a day to be named by proclamation of the Lieutenant Governor. 2011, c. 11, s. 23 (1). Acquisition of real property (6) With the approval of the Lieutenant Governor in Council, the Board may acquire real property that the Board considers necessary for its purposes and may dispose of it. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 159 (6). Exception (6.1) The requirement in subsection (6) to obtain the approval of the Lieutenant Governor in Council does not apply to the acquisition and disposition of real property by lease. 2023, c. 2, Sched. 9, s. 3. Agreements to co-operate (7) The Board may enter into agreements with the government of Canada or of a province or territory of Canada or with the appropriate authority of such a government providing for co-operation in matters relating to workers’ compensation and return to work and providing for the avoidance of any duplication in compensation. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 159 (7); 2011, c. 11, s. 23 (2). Same (8) With the approval of the Lieutenant Governor in Council, the Board may enter into agreements with any state, government or authority outside Canada providing for co-operation in matters relating to workers’ compensation and return to work and providing for the avoidance of any duplication in compensation. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 159 (8); 2011, c. 11, s. 23 (3). Agreements to exchange information (9) With the approval of the Lieutenant Governor in Council, for the purpose of administering this Act the Board may enter into agreements with the government of Canada or of a province or territory of Canada or with a ministry, board, commission or agency of such a government under which, (a) the government, ministry, board, commission or agency will be allowed access to information obtained by the Board under this Act; and (b) the government, ministry, board, commission or agency will allow the Board to have access to information obtained by the government, ministry, board, commission or agency under statutory authority. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 159 (9). Exception (9.1) The requirement in subsection (9) to obtain the approval of the Lieutenant Governor in Council does not apply to an agreement between the Board and the Ministry of Labour to exchange the information described in subsection (9). 2011, c. 11, s. 23 (4). Agreements for cost sharing (10) Despite any provision in this Act, the Board may enter into an agreement with the appropriate authority in any other jurisdiction in Canada to provide for the apportionment of the costs of the claims for occupational diseases for workers who have had exposure employment in more than one Canadian jurisdiction. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 159 (10). Same, industrial noise claims (11) Despite any provision in this Act, the Board may enter into an agreement with the appropriate authority in any other province or territory of Canada to provide for the sharing of costs of workers’ claims for hearing loss induced by occupational noise. The Board’s share must be in proportion to the actual or estimated amount of workers’ exposure to occupational noise in Ontario which contributed to their hearing loss. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 159 (11). Agreement re administration of Part VII (11.1) The Board may enter into an agreement with any person or entity for the purpose of administering Part VII. 2021, c. 35, Sched. 6, s. 5. Non-application of corporate Acts (12) The Corporations Act and the Not-for-Profit Corporations Act, 2010 do not apply to the Board. 2010, c. 15, s. 248 (3). Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 159 (3) - 10/04/1995 - see 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 159 (4) - 01/01/1998; 1999, c. 6, s. 67 (42) - 01/03/2000 2005, c. 5, s. 73 (41) - 09/03/2005 2010, c. 15, s. 248 (3) - 19/10/2021 2011, c. 11, s. 23 (1-3) - 01/04/2012; 2011, c. 11, s. 23 (4) - 01/06/2011 2017, c. 8, Sched. 33, s. 8 (1, 2) - 17/05/2017 2021, c. 35, Sched. 6, s. 5 - 01/01/2022 2023, c. 2, Sched. 9, s. 3 - 22/03/2023 Agreement re duplication of premiums 160 (1) The Board may enter into an agreement with the workers’ compensation authority of another province or territory of Canada for the purpose of avoiding duplication of the premiums for which an employer may be liable with respect to the earnings of workers who are employed in Ontario part of the time and in the other province or territory part of the time. Same (2) The agreement may provide for such adjustments in employers’ premiums under the insurance plan as is equitable. Relief from premiums (3) The Board may relieve an employer from paying all or part of the employer’s premiums with respect to those workers. Reimbursement (4) The Board may reimburse the workers’ compensation authority for any payments made under the agreement by the authority for compensation, rehabilitation or health care. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 160. Duties of the Board 161 (1) The Board shall administer the insurance plan and shall perform such other duties as it is assigned under this Act and any other Act. 2011, c. 11, s. 24 (1). Duty to evaluate proposed changes (2) The Board shall evaluate the consequences of any proposed change in benefits, services, programs and policies to ensure that the purposes of this Act are achieved. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 161 (2). Duty to monitor (3) The Board shall monitor developments in the understanding of the relationship between workplace insurance and injury and occupational disease, (a) so that generally accepted advances in health sciences and related disciplines are reflected in benefits, services, programs and policies in a way that is consistent with the purposes of this Act; and (b) in order to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the insurance plan. 2011, c. 11, s. 24 (2). Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2011, c. 11, s. 24 (1, 2) - 01/04/2012 Board of directors 162 (1) A board of directors shall be constituted to govern the Board and to exercise the powers and perform the duties of the Board under this or any other Act. It shall be composed of, (a) a chair appointed by the Lieutenant Governor in Council; (b) the president of the Board appointed by the Lieutenant Governor in Council; and (c) a minimum of seven and a maximum of nine members who are representative of workers, employers and such others as the Lieutenant Governor in Council considers appropriate, appointed by the Lieutenant Governor in Council. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 162 (1); 2007, c. 7, Sched. 41, s. 10 (1). Note: On a day to be named by order of the Lieutenant Governor in Council, clause 162 (1) (c) of the Act is repealed and the following substituted: (See: 2026, c. 2, Sched. 17, s. 1 (1)) (c) a minimum of seven and a maximum of nine members appointed by the Lieutenant Governor in Council in accordance with subsection (1.0.1). Note: On a day to be named by order of the Lieutenant Governor in Council, section 162 of the Act is amended by adding the following subsections: (See: 2026, c. 2, Sched. 17, s. 1 (2)) Restriction, appointment of members (1.0.1) In appointing members under clause (1) (c), the Lieutenant Governor in Council shall comply with the following rules: 1. Fifty per cent plus one of the members appointed shall be individuals proposed by the Minister under subsection (1.0.2), which shall include representatives of workers and employers. 2. After complying with paragraph 1, any remaining members appointed shall be representative of workers, employers and such others as the Lieutenant Governor in Council considers appropriate. 2026, c. 2, Sched. 17, s. 1 (2). Minister to propose individuals (1.0.2) The Minister shall propose to the Lieutenant Governor in Council individuals for the purposes of appointments described in paragraph 1 of subsection (1.0.1), all of which must be individuals recommended to the Minister by the advisory committee established under subsection 162.1 (1). 2026, c. 2, Sched. 17, s. 1 (2). Same (1.0.3) The Minister shall ensure that each proposal under subsection (1.0.2) is made with a view to maintaining worker and employer representation in the members of the board of directors who are described in paragraph 1 of subsection (1.0.1). 2026, c. 2, Sched. 17, s. 1 (2). Transition (1.0.4) For greater certainty, an appointment made by the Lieutenant Governor in Council under clause (1) (c) before the day subsection 1 (1) of Schedule 17 to the Plan to Protect Ontario Act (Budget Measures), 2026 comes into force remains in effect until the earlier of the day the appointment is revoked by the Lieutenant Governor in Council and the day its term expires. 2026, c. 2, Sched. 17, s. 1 (2). Same (1.1) For greater certainty, the positions of chair and president shall be held by different persons. 2007, c. 7, Sched. 41, s. 10 (2). Consultation re president (2) The Lieutenant Governor in Council shall consult with the chair and the members described in clause (1) (c) before appointing the president of the Board. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 162 (2). Remuneration and expenses (3) The Board shall pay members of the board of directors such remuneration and benefits and reimburse them for such reasonable expenses as may be determined by the Lieutenant Governor in Council. The remuneration and expenses are administrative expenses of the Board. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 162 (3). Meetings of the board (4) The board of directors shall meet at the call of the chair at least four times in each year. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 162 (4); 2023, c. 2, Sched. 9, s. 4. Quorum (5) A majority of members of the board of directors holding office constitutes a quorum and a decision of a majority of the members constituting the quorum is the decision of the board of directors. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 162 (5). Vacancy (6) The board of directors may act despite a vacancy in its membership. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 162 (6). Absence of chair (7) The chair shall decide which member of the board of directors is to act as chair in his or her absence. If the chair does not do so, the board of directors may decide which member is to act in the chair’s absence. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 162 (7). (8)-(12) Repealed: 2000, c. 26, Sched. I, s. 1 (22). Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2000, c. 26, Sched. I, s. 1 (22) - 06/12/2000 2007, c. 7, Sched. 41, s. 10 (1) - 26/01/2009; 2007, c. 7, Sched. 41, s. 10 (2) - 01/07/2007 2023, c. 2, Sched. 9, s. 4 - 22/03/2023 2026, c. 2, Sched. 17, s. 1 (1, 2) - not in force Note: On a day to be named by order of the Lieutenant Governor in Council, the Act is amended by adding the following sections: (See: 2026, c. 2, Sched. 17, s. 2) Advisory committee re appointments Committee established 162.1 (1) The Minister shall establish and maintain an advisory committee to recommend to the Minister individuals for the Minister’s proposals to the Lieutenant Governor in Council under subsection 162 (1.0.2). 2026, c. 2, Sched. 17, s. 2. Composition (2) The committee shall be composed of a minimum of five and a maximum of seven individuals selected by the Minister in accordance with the following rules: 1. Three of the individuals shall be selected by the Minister from the general public using an open and competitive process that meets such requirements as may be prescribed. 2. At least two but no more than four individuals selected by the Minister shall be individuals who are appointed under subsection 22.2 (2) of the Occupational Health and Safety Act. 3. One of the individuals selected by the Minister shall serve as chair of the committee. 4. Such other rules as may be prescribed. 2026, c. 2, Sched. 17, s. 2. Same (3) The Minister shall ensure that, (a) the individuals selected under paragraph 1 of subsection (2) are not individuals appointed under subsection 22.2 (2) of the Occupational Health and Safety Act; and (b) the individuals selected under paragraph 2 of subsection (2) are selected with a view to achieving worker and employer representation on the committee. 2026, c. 2, Sched. 17, s. 2. Term (4) The term of a committee member shall be such term as may be prescribed and shall be subject to any limitations and restrictions as may be prescribed. 2026, c. 2, Sched. 17, s. 2. Revocation of membership (5) A committee member’s membership may be revoked in accordance with such requirements as may be prescribed. 2026, c. 2, Sched. 17, s. 2. No remuneration (6) The committee members shall not be remunerated but may be reimbursed by the Board in a manner that is consistent with the directive titled “Travel, Meal and Hospitality Expenses Directive”, published by the Management Board of Cabinet, as it may be amended from time to time. 2026, c. 2, Sched. 17, s. 2. Not an agency (7) The committee is not an agency of the Government of Ontario. 2026, c. 2, Sched. 17, s. 2. Not employees of the Crown (8) In their capacity as committee members, the committee members are not employees of the Crown and are not government appointees within the meaning of the directive titled “Agencies and Appointments Directive”, published by the Management Board of Cabinet, as it may be amended from time to time. 2026, c. 2, Sched. 17, s. 2. Administrative expenses to be paid by the Board (9) The administrative expenses of the committee are an expense of the Board and shall be paid by the Board. 2026, c. 2, Sched. 17, s. 2. Regulations (10) The Lieutenant Governor in Council may make regulations, (a) prescribing requirements for the process described in paragraph 1 of subsection (2); (b) prescribing rules for the purpose of paragraph 4 of subsection (2); (c) prescribing the term of a committee member and any limitations and restrictions for the purpose of subsection (4); (d) prescribing requirements respecting the revocation of a committee member’s membership under subsection (5). 2026, c. 2, Sched. 17, s. 2. Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2026, c. 2, Sched. 17, s. 2 - not in force Recommendations by committee 162.2 (1) The advisory committee established under section 162.1 shall recommend to the Minister, in accordance with this section, individuals for the Minister to propose to the Lieutenant Governor in Council under subsection 162 (1.0.2) and shall provide reasons for the recommendations. 2026, c. 2, Sched. 17, s. 2. Same, applications to Public Appointments Secretariat (2) In order for the committee to recommend an individual, the individual must have submitted an application to the Public Appointments Secretariat in respect of a position described in clause 162 (1) (c). 2026, c. 2, Sched. 17, s. 2. Same, workers and employers to be represented (3) The committee shall ensure that each recommendation is made with a view to maintaining worker and employer representation in the members of the board of directors who are described in paragraph 1 of subsection 162 (1.0.1). 2026, c. 2, Sched. 17, s. 2. Requirements (4) The committee shall make recommendations in accordance with such requirements as may be prescribed. 2026, c. 2, Sched. 17, s. 2. Criteria to be considered (5) In making recommendations under subsection (1), the committee shall consider the following: 1. The skills and competencies that are necessary for a member of the board of directors described in clause 162 (1) (c), as set out in any relevant skills matrix that is established and approved by the board of directors. 2. Any gaps in skills and competencies of the board of directors, as may be identified by the board of directors and communicated to the Minister. 3. Such other criteria as may be prescribed. 2026, c. 2, Sched. 17, s. 2. Prohibition, disclosing deliberations (6) No committee member shall disclose a record or other information relating to the deliberations and discussions of the committee to any person who is not a committee member. 2026, c. 2, Sched. 17, s. 2. Prohibition, disclosing recommendations (7) No committee member shall disclose a record or other information that is collected, prepared, maintained or used by the committee in relation to the consideration of an individual for recommendation to any person except the Minister. 2026, c. 2, Sched. 17, s. 2. Regulations (8) The Lieutenant Governor in Council may make regulations, (a) prescribing requirements for the purpose of subsection (4); (b) prescribing criteria for the purpose of paragraph 3 of subsection (5). 2026, c. 2, Sched. 17, s. 2. Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2026, c. 2, Sched. 17, s. 2 - not in force Recommendation re revocation of appointment 162.3 (1) If, in the opinion of the board of directors, there are reasons justifying the revocation of the appointment of a member appointed under clause 162 (1) (c), the board of directors may give the Minister a written recommendation respecting the revocation, including reasons for the recommendation. 2026, c. 2, Sched. 17, s. 2. Minister to consider (2) The Minister shall consider the recommendation of the board of directors in determining whether or not to propose the revocation of the member’s appointment to the Lieutenant Governor in Council. 2026, c. 2, Sched. 17, s. 2. Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2026, c. 2, Sched. 17, s. 2 - not in force Duties of the board of directors 163 (1) The board of directors shall act in a financially responsible and accountable manner in exercising its powers and performing its duties. Same, board members (2) Members of the board of directors shall act in good faith with a view to the best interests of the Board and shall exercise the care, diligence and skill of a reasonably prudent person. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 163. Delegation 164 The board of directors may delegate a power or duty of the Board to a member of the board of directors or to an officer or employee of the Board and may impose conditions and limitations on the delegation. The delegation must be made in writing. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 164. Offices of the Board 165 (1) Repealed: 2022, c. 17, Sched. 6, s. 1. Place of meeting (2) The board of directors may hold meetings in any place in Ontario that the board considers convenient. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 165 (2). Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 1997, c. 26, Sched. - 01/01/1998 2022, c. 17, Sched. 6, s. 1 - 08/09/2022 Memorandum of understanding 166 (1) The Board and the Minister shall be parties to a memorandum of understanding that shall contain only such terms as may be directed by the Minister. 2023, c. 2, Sched. 9, s. 5 (1). Same, review (1.1) The Board and the Minister shall review the memorandum of understanding every five years from the later of the date that the memorandum of understanding is signed by the parties and the date a letter of affirmation is signed by the parties, or on such earlier date as the Minister may direct. 2023, c. 2, Sched. 9, s. 5 (1). Same, amendment (1.2) Following a review under subsection (1.1), the Minister may direct that the memorandum of understanding be amended on such terms as the Minister directs. 2023, c. 2, Sched. 9, s. 5 (1). Contents (2) The memorandum of understanding must impose the following requirements: 1. Repealed: 2023, c. 2, Sched. 9, s. 5 (2). 2. The Board must give the Minister an annual statement setting out its proposed priorities for administering this Act and the regulations. 3. The Board must give the Minister an annual statement of its investment policies and goals. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 166 (2); 2023, c. 2, Sched. 9, s. 5 (2). Same (3) The memorandum of understanding must address any matter that may be required by order of the Lieutenant Governor in Council or by a direction of Management Board of Cabinet.1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 166 (3). Same (4) The memorandum of understanding may address the following matters: 1. Any direction by the Minister about the programs to be reviewed under section 168. 2. Any matter proposed by the Board and agreed to by the Minister. 3. Any other matter the Minister considers appropriate. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 166 (4). Compliance (5) The Board shall comply with the memorandum of understanding. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 166 (5). Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2023, c. 2, Sched. 9, s. 5 (1, 2) - 22/03/2023 Information 167 (1) The Minister may direct the Board to provide the Minister with information that the Minister considers necessary for the proper administration of this Act. 2021, c. 3, s. 2. Same (2) If the Minister directs the Board to provide information under subsection (1), the Board shall provide the information on or before the date specified by the Minister and in the form specified by the Minister. 2021, c. 3, s. 2. Same, delegation to Deputy Minister (3) The Minister may delegate the Minister’s powers under this section to the Deputy Minister. 2021, c. 3, s. 2. Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2010, c. 26, Sched. 21, s. 4 - 08/12/2010 2021, c. 3, s. 2 - 14/04/2021 Value for money audit 168 (1) The board of directors shall ensure that a review is performed each year of the cost, efficiency and effectiveness of at least one program that is provided under this Act. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 168 (1). Same (2) The Minister may determine which program is to be reviewed and shall notify the board of directors if he or she selects a program for review. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 168 (2). Same (3) The review must be performed under the direction of the Auditor General by one or more public accountants who are licensed under the Public Accounting Act, 2004. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 168 (3); 2004, c. 17, s. 32; 2004, c. 8, ss. 46, 47 (2). Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2004, c. 8, s. 46, 47 (2) - 01/11/2005; 2004, c. 17, s. 32 - 30/11/2004 Audit of accounts 169 (1) The accounts of the Board shall be audited by the Auditor General or under his or her direction by an auditor appointed by the Lieutenant Governor in Council to audit them. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 169 (1); 2004, c. 17, s. 32. Remuneration, etc. (2) The Board shall pay the remuneration and reasonable expenses of an auditor appointed by the Lieutenant Governor in Council. The remuneration and expenses are administrative expenses of the Board. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 169 (2). Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2004, c. 17, s. 32 - 30/11/2004 Annual report 170 (1) The Board shall prepare an annual report, provide it to the Minister and make it available to the public. 2017, c. 34, Sched. 46, s. 55. Same (2) The Board shall comply with such directives as may be issued by the Management Board of Cabinet with respect to, (a) the form and content of the annual report; (b) when to provide it to the Minister; and (c) when and how to make it available to the public. 2017, c. 34, Sched. 46, s. 55. Same (3) The Board shall include such additional content in the annual report as the Minister may require. 2017, c. 34, Sched. 46, s. 55. Tabling of annual report 170.1 The Minister shall table the Board’s annual report in the Assembly and shall comply with such directives as may be issued by the Management Board of Cabinet with respect to when to table it. 2017, c. 34, Sched. 46, s. 55. Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2017, c. 34, Sched. 46, s. 55 - 01/01/2018 Employee’s pension plan 171 (1) The purpose of the employees’ pension plan is to pay superannuation allowances and allowances upon the death or disability of full-time members of the board of directors and employees of the Board. 2018, c. 8, Sched. 37, s. 2 (1). Expenses (2) The Board’s cost of maintaining and administering the pension plan is chargeable to the insurance fund. 2018, c. 8, Sched. 37, s. 2 (1). (3) Repealed: 2018, c. 8, Sched. 37, s. 2 (1). Deemed employees (4) The following persons shall be deemed to be employees of the Board for the purposes of the pension plan: 1. The employees of safe workplace associations that were designated under section 6 at any time before the repeal of that section by section 20 of the Occupational Health and Safety Statute Law Amendment Act, 2011. 1.1 The employees of safe workplace associations designated under section 22.5 of the Occupational Health and Safety Act. 2. Persons who are deemed, on January 1, 1998, to be employees of the Workers’ Compensation Board under paragraph 2 of subsection 68 (3) of the Workers’ Compensation Act. 3. Persons who are deemed, on January 1, 1998, to be employees of the Workers’ Compensation Board under subsection 68 (5) of the Workers’ Compensation Act. 4. The employees of safety and accident prevention associations that, on January 1, 1998, are designated under subclause 16 (1) (n) (ii) of the Occupational Health and Safety Act. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 171 (4); 2000, c. 26, Sched. I, s. 1 (23); 2011, c. 11, s. 25. (5), (6) Repealed: 2000, c. 26, Sched. I, s. 1 (24). (7), (8) Repealed: 2018, c. 8, Sched. 37, s. 2 (2). Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2000, c. 26, Sched. I, s. 1 (23) - 01/01/1998; 2000, c. 26, Sched. I, s. 1 (24) - 06/12/2000 2011, c. 11, s. 25 - 01/04/2012 2018, c. 8, Sched. 37, s. 2 (1, 2) - 01/07/2020 Mines Mine rescue stations 172 (1) The Board shall pay the reasonable expenses of establishing, maintaining and operating mine rescue stations under the Occupational Health and Safety Act. Medical examinations for mine workers (2) The Board may pay the remuneration and expenses of medical officers to examine workers and applicants for employment in a mine or mining plant in accordance with the regulations made under the Occupational Health and Safety Act. Same (3) The Board may take into account amounts paid under subsection (2) when determining the premiums to be paid under the insurance plan by Schedule 1 employers or the payments to be made by Schedule 2 employers who have workers receiving benefits under the insurance plan for silicosis. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 172. Payments to construction workers 172.1 The Board shall pay persons who are regularly employed in the construction industry for the time they spend fulfilling the requirements to become certified for the purposes of the Occupational Health and Safety Act. However, the Board shall not pay persons who may represent management as members of a joint health and safety committee. 2011, c. 11, s. 26. Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2011, c. 11, s. 26 - 01/04/2012 Workplace Safety and Insurance Appeals Tribunal Appeals Tribunal 173 (1) The Workers’ Compensation Appeals Tribunal is continued under the name Workplace Safety and Insurance Appeals Tribunal in English and Tribunal d’appel de la sécurité professionnelle et de l’assurance contre les accidents du travail in French. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 173 (1). Remuneration and expenses (2) The Appeals Tribunal shall pay persons appointed to the tribunal such remuneration and benefits and reimburse them for such reasonable expenses as may be determined by the Lieutenant Governor in Council. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 173 (2). Chair and chief executive officer (3) A chair of the Appeals Tribunal appointed by the Lieutenant Governor in Council shall hear and decide appeals and such other matters as are conferred upon the tribunal under this Act and act as the tribunal’s chief executive officer. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 173 (3); 2000, c.

26, Sched. I, s. 1 (25). Absence of chair (4) The chair shall decide which vice-chair is to act as chair in his or her absence. If the chair does not do so, the Minister may decide which vice-chair is to act in the chair’s absence. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 173 (4). Employees (5) The chair may, on behalf of the Appeals Tribunal employ such persons as the chair considers necessary for its purposes. The terms and conditions of their employment must conform to such guidelines as may be established by Management Board of Cabinet. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 173 (5). Operating costs (6) The operating costs of the Appeals Tribunal are expenses of the Board. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 173 (6). (7) Repealed: 2000, c. 26, Sched. I, s. 1 (26). Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2000, c. 26, Sched. I, s. 1 (25) - 01/01/1998; 2000, c. 26, Sched. I, s. 1 (26) - 06/12/2000 Tribunal may contract 173.1 (1) The Appeals Tribunal may contract with any other person for any purpose that the chair considers necessary and the Appeals Tribunal is deemed to be a person for the purposes of the contract and is a party to the contract. 2017, c. 34, Sched. 45, s. 3. Appointees, employees not parties to contract (2) Persons appointed to and employees of the Appeals Tribunal are not parties to a contract made pursuant to subsection (1) and no person with whom the Appeals Tribunal contracts may commence an action against them for breach of contract. 2017, c. 34, Sched. 45, s. 3. Tribunal party to action (3) The Appeals Tribunal may commence an action against any person with whom it contracts and may be named as a party to an action commenced by a person with whom it contracts. 2017, c. 34, Sched. 45, s. 3. Damages (4) Any damages or costs for which the Appeals Tribunal is found liable by a court in an action described in subsection (3) are operating costs of the Appeals Tribunal and shall be paid by the Board. 2017, c. 34, Sched. 45, s. 3. Transition, prior contracts (5) Any contract that names the Appeals Tribunal as a party that was made before the day section 4 of Schedule 45 to the Stronger, Fairer Ontario Act (Budget Measures), 2017 comes into force and to which a person appointed to or an employee of the Appeals Tribunal is a signatory is deemed to be a contract into which the Appeals Tribunal has entered into as a person and to which the Appeals Tribunal is a party. 2017, c. 34, Sched. 45, s. 3. Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2017, c. 34, Sched. 45, s. 4 - 14/12/2017 Hearing of appeals 174 (1) In addition to the chair appointed under subsection 173 (3), the following persons appointed by the Lieutenant Governor in Council to the Appeals Tribunal shall hear and decide appeals and such other matters as are conferred upon the tribunal under this Act: 1. One or more vice-chairs. 2. The number of members who are representative of employers and of workers that the Lieutenant Governor in Council considers appropriate. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 174 (1); 2000, c. 26, Sched. I, s. 1 (27). Same (2) Subject to subsection (3), the chair, or vice-chair assigned by the chair, sitting alone shall hear and decide appeals and such other matters as are conferred upon the tribunal under this Act. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 174 (2). Exception (3) If the chair considers it appropriate in the circumstances, the chair may appoint a panel of three or five members to hear and decide an appeal or other matter conferred upon the Appeals Tribunal under this Act and the panel composition shall be as follows: 1. A three-member panel shall consist of the chair or a vice-chair, one tribunal member who is representative of employers and one tribunal member who is representative of workers. 2. A five-member panel shall consist of, i. the chair and two vice-chairs, or three vice-chairs, and ii. one tribunal member who is representative of employers and one who is representative of workers. 2017, c. 34, Sched. 45, s. 5. Decision (4) The decision of a majority of a three or five-member panel is the decision of the Appeals Tribunal. 2017, c. 34, Sched. 45, s. 5. Panels (5) A member sitting alone or a three or five-member panel has all the jurisdiction and powers of the Appeals Tribunal. 2017, c. 34, Sched. 45, s. 5. Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2000, c. 26, Sched. I, s. 1 (27, 28) - 01/01/1998 2017, c. 34, Sched. 45, s. 5 - 14/12/2017 Continuing authority 175 If a member of the Appeals Tribunal ceases to hold office before completing his or her duties in respect of a proceeding, the member may complete those duties. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 175. Offices of the Worker and Employer Advisers Offices of the Worker and Employer Advisers Office continued 176 (1) The Office of the Worker Adviser is continued. Its functions are to educate, advise and represent workers who are not members of a trade union and their survivors. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 176 (1). Same, Employer Adviser (2) The Office of the Employer Adviser is continued. Its functions are to educate, advise and represent primarily those employers that have fewer than 100 employees. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 176 (2); 2006, c. 19, Sched. M, s. 7. Costs (3) The Minister shall determine the amount of the costs that may be incurred by each office in performing its functions and the Board shall pay them. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 176 (3). (4) Repealed: 2011, c. 11, s. 27. Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2006, c. 19, Sched. M, s. 7 - 22/06/2006 2011, c. 11, s. 27 - 01/06/2011 Fair Practices Commissioner Appointment of Fair Practices Commissioner 176.1 (1) The board of directors shall appoint a Fair Practices Commissioner as an ombudsman of the Board. 2015, c. 34, Sched. 3, s. 6. Functions (2) The board of directors shall specify the functions of the Fair Practices Commissioner, which shall include investigating complaints and making recommendations. 2015, c. 34, Sched. 3, s. 6. Annual report (3) Every year, the Fair Practices Commissioner shall, (a) prepare a report on his or her activities during the previous year; and (b) provide a copy of the report to the board of directors and make the report available to the public. 2015, c. 34, Sched. 3, s. 6. Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2015, c. 34, Sched. 3, s. 6 - 10/12/2015 General Committee of employers 177 (1) The Schedule 1 employers in a class may appoint a committee to watch over their interests in matters to which the insurance plan relates. Composition (2) The committee is composed of a maximum of five members, each of whom must be an employer in the class. Function (3) The committee may be the medium of communication between the Board and the employers in the class to which the committee relates. Certificate re claim (4) The committee may certify to the Board that a person claiming benefits under the insurance plan is entitled to receive them, if the benefits relate to a worker employed by a member of the class to which the committee relates. Effect (5) The Board may act upon the certificate if it is satisfied that the committee sufficiently represents the employers in the class to which the committee relates. Certificate re amount (6) The committee may also certify to the Board the amount of the payments to which the person is entitled under the insurance plan, and the Board may act upon the certificate if the person is satisfied with the amount certified by the committee. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 177. French language services 178 Services under this Act shall be made available in the French language where appropriate. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 178. Immunity 179 (1) No action or other proceeding for damages may be commenced against any of the following persons for an act or omission done or omitted by the person in good faith in the execution or intended execution of any power or duty under this Act: 1. Members of the board of directors, officers and employees of the Board. 2. The chair, vice-chairs, members and employees of the Appeals Tribunal. 3. Persons employed in the Office of the Worker Adviser or the Office of the Employer Adviser. 4. Repealed: 2011, c. 11, s. 28 (1). 5. Physicians who conduct an assessment under section 47 (degree of permanent impairment). 6. Persons who are engaged by the Board to conduct an examination, investigation, inquiry, inspection or test or who are authorized to perform any function. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 179 (1); 2006, c. 19, Sched. M, s. 7; 2011, c. 11, s. 28 (1). Transition (1.1) Despite the repeal of paragraph 4 of subsection (1) by subsection 28 (1) of the Occupational Health and Safety Statute Law Amendment Act, 2011, no action or other proceeding for damages may be commenced against persons employed by a safe workplace association, a medical clinic or a training centre designated under section 6 for an act or omission done or omitted by the person in good faith in the execution or intended execution of any power or duty under this Act before the date on which subsection 28 (1) of the Occupational Health and Safety Statute Law Amendment Act, 2011 comes into force. 2011, c. 11, s. 28 (2). Exception (2) Subsection (1) does not relieve the Board of any liability to which the Board would otherwise be subject in respect of a person described in paragraph 1, 4, 5 or 6 of subsection (1). 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 179 (2). Liability of the Crown (3) Subsection (1) does not, by reason of subsection 8 (3) of the Crown Liability and Proceedings Act, 2019, relieve the Crown of liability in respect of a tort committed by a person described in paragraphs 2 and 3 of subsection (1) to which the Crown would otherwise be subject. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 179 (3); 2019, c. 7, Sched. 17, s. 169. Immunity for health care practitioners, etc. (4) No action or other proceeding may be commenced against a health care practitioner, hospital or health facility for providing information under section 37 or 47 unless he or she or it acts maliciously. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 179 (4). Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2006, c. 19, Sched. M, s. 7 - 22/06/2006 2011, c. 11, s. 28 (1, 2) - 01/04/2012 2019, c. 7, Sched. 17, s. 169 - 01/07/2019 Rules re witnesses and documents Compellability of witnesses 180 (1) The following persons are not compellable witnesses before a court or tribunal respecting any information or material furnished to or obtained, made or received by them while acting within the scope of their employment under this Act: 1. Members of the board of directors of the Board. 2. The chair, vice-chairs and members of the Appeals Tribunal. 3. Employees of the Board or of the Appeals Tribunal. 4. Persons employed in the Office of the Worker Adviser or the Office of the Employer Adviser. 5. Persons who are engaged by the Board or the Appeals Tribunal to conduct an examination, investigation, inquiry, inspection or test or who are authorized by the Board or the Appeals Tribunal to perform any function. 6. Health care practitioners providing information under section 37. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 180 (1); 2006, c. 19, Sched. M, s. 7; 2009, c. 33, Sched. 20, s. 4 (2). Production of documents (2) The Board, the members of the board of directors and the employees of, and persons engaged or authorized by the Board are not required to produce, in a proceeding in which the Board is not a party, any information or material furnished, obtained, made or received in the performance of the Board’s, member’s, employee’s or person’s duties under this Act. The same is true, with necessary modifications, if the Appeals Tribunal, the Office of the Worker Adviser or the Office of the Employer Adviser is not a party to a proceeding. 2000, c. 26, Sched. I, s. 1 (29); 2006, c. 19, Sched. M, s. 7. Exception (3) If the Board is a party to a proceeding, the members of the board of directors and employees of and persons engaged or authorized by the Board may be determined to be compellable witnesses. The same is true, with necessary modifications, if the Appeals Tribunal, the Office of the Worker Adviser or the Office of the Employer Adviser is a party to a proceeding. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 180 (3); 2006, c. 19, Sched. M, s. 7. Privileged reports (4) Information provided under section 37 or 47 is privileged and shall not be produced in any action or proceeding. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 180 (4). Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2000, c. 26, Sched. I, s. 1 (29) - 06/12/2000 2006, c. 19, Sched. M, s. 7 - 22/06/2006 2009, c. 33, Sched. 20, s. 4 (2) - 15/12/2009 Prohibition re disclosing information 181 (1) No member of the board of directors or employee of the Board and no person authorized to make an inquiry under this Act shall disclose information that has come to his or her knowledge in the course of an examination, investigation, inquiry or inspection under this Act Nor shall he or she allow it to be disclosed. Exception (2) The board member, employee or person may disclose information or allow it to be disclosed in the performance of his or her duties or under the authority of the Board. Same (3) No employer or employer’s representative shall disclose health information received from a health care practitioner, hospital, health facility or any other person or organization about a worker who has made a claim for benefits unless specifically permitted by the Act. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 181. Evidence of decisions 182 A document or extract that purports to be certified on behalf of the Board as a true copy shall be received in evidence in any proceeding as proof, in the absence of evidence to the contrary, of the document or extract without proof of the signature or the position of the person appearing to have signed the certificate. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 182. Voluntary pre-registration 182.1 (1) Before the first anniversary of the day section 9 of the Workplace Safety and Insurance Amendment Act, 2008 comes into force, the following persons may make and file with the Board a declaration in a form approved by the Board, in order to allow the Board to prepare for the implementation of sections 12.2 and 12.3: 1. Every independent operator who carries on business in construction. 2. Every sole proprietor who carries on business in construction and does not employ any workers. 3. Every partner in a partnership that carries on business in construction and does not employ any workers. 2008, c. 20, s. 9. Exempt home renovation work (2) Subsection (1) does not apply in respect of, (a) independent operators and sole proprietors described in clause 12.2 (8) (a); and (b) partners and executive officers described in clause 12.2 (8) (b). 2008, c. 20, s. 9. Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2008, c. 20, s. 9 - 01/01/2012 Deemed registration 182.2 Every person who has made and filed a declaration under subsection 182.1 (1) is deemed to have registered with the Board under section 12.3 on the first anniversary of the day section 9 of the Workplace Safety and Insurance Amendment Act, 2008 comes into force. 2008, c. 20, s. 10. Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2008, c. 20, s. 10 - 01/01/2013 Regulations 183 (1) Subject to the approval of the Lieutenant Governor in Council, the Board may make such regulations for carrying out this Act as may be considered expedient including regulations, (a) prescribing anything that must or may be prescribed under this Act other than anything in respect of which this Act expressly permits the Lieutenant Governor in Council to make a regulation; (b) prescribing the way in which payments received by a person under the Canada Pension Plan or the Quebec Pension Plan are to be taken into account when calculating the amount of the payments under the insurance plan to which the person is entitled. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 183 (1); 2007, c. 3, ss. 4, 5; 2007, c. 7, Sched. 41, s. 11; 2008, c. 20, s. 11 (1). Same, transitional matters (1.1) Subject to the approval of the Lieutenant Governor in Council, the Board may make regulations providing for any transitional matters that arise out of the implementation of the Workplace Safety and Insurance Amendment Act, 2008. 2008, c. 20, s. 11 (2). Same, identification of construction workers (1.2) Subject to the approval of the Lieutenant Governor in Council, the Board may, by regulation, establish a system to identify workers performing construction work. 2008, c. 20, s. 11 (2). Same (1.3) Without limiting the generality of subsection (1.2), the Board may, subject to the approval of the Lieutenant Governor in Council, make regulations, (a) requiring each employer carrying on business in construction to provide to the Board, at the prescribed intervals, (i) the name of each worker employed during a prescribed period, (ii) any identifying number, symbol or other particular assigned to the worker by the employer, (iii) information about the worker’s earnings during the prescribed period, and (iv) any other information relating to the worker’s employment during the prescribed period that is specified in the regulation; (b) requiring each worker in construction, (i) to carry or have available for inspection, at all times when performing construction work, an identification card approved by the Board, (ii) to produce the identification card for inspection on the request of the Board or of a person appointed or authorized by the Board, and (iii) to do anything else in connection with the identification system that is specified in the regulation. 2008, c. 20, s. 11 (2). Same, Schedules 1 and 2 (2) Subject to the approval of the Lieutenant Governor in Council, the Board may make regulations establishing Schedules 1 and 2 and, (a) adding classes of industries to Schedule 1 or Schedule 2, deleting classes from a schedule, redefining classes within a schedule or transferring classes from one schedule to the other; (b) including an industry in, or excluding it from, a class in whole or in part; (c) excluding a trade, employment, occupation, calling, avocation or service from an industry for the purposes of the insurance plan; (d) subdividing a class of employers into subclasses or groups according to the risk of the industry. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 183 (2). Same, Schedules 3 and 4 (3) Subject to the approval of the Lieutenant Governor in Council, the Board may make regulations establishing Schedules 3 and 4, setting out in the schedules descriptions of processes and specifying the occupational disease to which each process relates. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 183 (3). Declaration re disease (4) Subject to the approval of the Lieutenant Governor in Council, the Board may declare a disease to be an occupational disease for the purposes of this Act and may amend Schedule 3 or 4 accordingly. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 183 (4). Classes, etc. (5) A regulation may create different classes of persons, industries or things and may impose different requirements or create different entitlements with respect to each class. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 183 (5). Retroactivity (6) A regulation is, if it so provides, effective with reference to a period before it is filed. However, no regulation may be made effective as of a date before January 1, 1998. 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 183 (6). Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2007, c. 3, s. 4 - 04/05/2007; 2007, c. 3, s. 5 (3) - 01/07/2007; 2007, c. 7, Sched. 41, s. 11 - 01/07/2007 2008, c. 20, s. 11 (1, 2) - 01/01/2013 2010, c. 26, Sched. 21, s. 5 (1) - 01/01/2013 Regulations, additional indexing factor 184 (1) The Lieutenant Governor in Council may make regulations, (a) prescribing an additional indexing factor, to be expressed as a percentage, for the purposes of subsections 52.0.1 (1), 54 (4) and 111 (3); (b) prescribing a date for the purposes of subsections 52.0.1 (1), 54 (4) and 111 (3). 2024, c. 3, Sched. 4, s. 6. Same (2) The application of a prescribed additional indexing factor may be subject to any terms, restrictions, limitations, conditions or exclusions that are set out in the regulations. 2024, c. 3, Sched. 4, s. 6. Section Amendments with date in force (d/m/y) 2024, c. 3, Sched. 4, s. 6 – 01/05/2024 185 Omitted (enacts short title of this Act). 1997, c. 16, Sched. A, s. 185. ______________