The Civil Aviation (Air Traffic Services) Regulations

Section 1. Citation Section These Regulations may be cited as the Civil Aviation (Air Traffic Services) Regulations, 2018.

Section 2. Interpretation Section being in the aircraft;

Section 3. Application Section 3(1) These Regulations shall apply to a person providing air traffic services within designated air spaces and at an aerodrome. Section 3(2) These Regulations shall not apply to a person providing air traffic services in the course of his duties to state aircraft.

Section 4. Air Navigation Services Provider certificate Section A person who wishes to provide Air Traffic services shall have an Air Navigation Services Provider certificate issued in accordance with the Civil Aviation (Certification of Air Navigation Services) Regulations.

Section 5. Establishment of the ATS Provider Section 5(1) The Authority shall determine, those portions of the airspace and those aerodromes where air traffic services shall be provided including territories over which it has jurisdiction. Section 5(2) Air traffic services shall be provided in accordance with these regulations, except that, by mutual agreement, the Authority may delegate to another State the responsibility for establishing and providing air traffic services in flight information regions, control areas or control zones extending over the territory of Kenya. Section 5(3) Those portions of the airspace over the high seas or in airspace of undetermined sovereignty where air traffic services will be provided shall be determined on the basis of regional air navigation agreements. Section 5(4) Where Kenya has accepted the responsibility to provide air traffic services in such portions of airspace referred to in subregulation (3), the Authority shall arrange for those services to be established and provided in accordance with these Regulations. Section 5(5) When it has been determined that air traffic services will be provided, the Authority shall designate the Air Navigat...

Section 6. Objectives of air traffic services Section prevent collisions between aircrafts;

Section 7. Divisions of the air traffic services Section area control service;

Section 8. Determination of the need for air traffic services Section 8(1)(a) the type of air traffic involved; Section 8(1)(b) the density of air traffic; Section 8(1)(c) the meteorological conditions; and Section 8(1)(d) such other factors as may be relevant. Section 8(2) The requirement for aircraft to carry Airborne Collision Avoidance Systems (ACAS) whilst flying in a given area shall not be considered as a factor in determining the need for air traffic services in that area.

Section 9. Designation of the portions of the airspace and controlled aerodromes where air traffic services will be provided Section 9(1) When it has been determined that air traffic services will be provided in particular portions of the airspace or at particular aerodromes, those portions of the airspace or those aerodromes shall be designated in relation to the air traffic services that are to be provided. Section 9(2)(a) flight information regions; Section 9(2)(b) those portions of the airspace where it is determined that air traffic control service will be provided to IFR flights shall be designated as control areas or control zones; Section 9(2)(b)(i) those portions of the airspace where it is determined that air traffic control service will be provided to IFR flights shall be designated as control areas or control zones; Section 9(2)(b)(ii) those portions of controlled airspace wherein it is determined that air traffic control service will also be provided to VFR flights shall be designated as Classes B, C, or D airspace; Section 9(2)(b)(iii) where designated within a flight information region, control areas and control zones shall form part of that flight information region...

Section 10. Classification of airspaces Section 10(1) The Authority shall classify designated controlled airspace as specified in the First Schedule. Section 10(2) The Authority shall select airspace classes in accordance with the needs of the State. Section 10(3) The requirements for flights within each class of airspace shall be as set out in the First Schedule.

Section 11. Perfomance based navigation (PBN) operations Section 11(1) An air traffic services provider shall implement performance based navigation within designated airspaces and based navigation aerodromes in accordance with requirements prescribed by the Authority. Section 11(2) The Authority shall prescribe navigation specification requirements for PBN operations on the basis of regional Air Navigation Agreements. Section 11(3) In prescribing navigation specification requirements for PBN operations, the Authority shall consider any limitations arising from navigation infrastructure constraints or specific navigation functionality requirements. Section 11(4) Performance-based navigation operations shall be implemented. Section 11(5) The prescribed navigation specification shall be appropriate to the level of communications, navigation and air traffic services provided in the Nairobi Flight Information Region.

Section 12. Perfomance based communication (PBC) operations Section 12(1) The Authority shall prescribe Required Communication Performance- Performance Specifications when applying performance-based based communication (PBC). Section 12(2) Where applicable, the RCP specifications shall be prescribed on the basis of regional air navigation agreements. Section 12(3) The prescribed RCP specification shall be appropriate to the air traffic services provided in the airspace concerned.

Section 13. Perfomance based surveillance (PBS) operations Section 13(1) The Authority shall prescribe RSP specifications when applying performance-based surveillance (PBS). based surveillance Section 13(2) Where applicable, the RSP specifications shall be prescribed on the basis of regional air navigation agreements. Section 13(3) The prescribed RSP specification shall be appropriate to the air traffic services provided. Section 13(4) The ATS units shall be provided with equipment capable of performance consistent with the prescribed RSP specifications where applicable.

Section 14. Establishment and designation of the units providing air traffic services Section Flight information centers shall be established to provide flight information service and alerting service within flight information regions, unless the responsibility of providing such services within a flight information region is assigned to an air traffic control unit having adequate facilities for the discharge of such responsibility.

Section 15. Specifications for flight information regions, control areas and control zones Section 15(1) Where the delineation of airspace is to be provided in air traffic services, it shall be related to the nature of the route structure and the need for efficient service rather than to national boundaries. Section 15(2) Information regions shall be delineated to cover the whole of the air route structure to be served by such regions. Section 15(3) A flight information region shall include all airspace within its lateral limits except as limited by an upper flight information region. Section 15(4) Where a flight information region is limited by an upper flight information region, the lower limit specified for the upper flight information region shall constitute the upper vertical limit of the flight information region and shall coincide with a VFR cruising level as specified in the First Schedule to the Civil Aviation (Rules of the Air) Regulations, 2018. Section 15(5) Control areas including, inter alia , airways and terminal control areas shall be delineated so as to encompass sufficient air space to contain the flight paths of those IFR flights or portions thereof to which it i...

Section 16. Flight Information regions or control areas in the upper airspace Section Where it is desirable to limit the number of flight information regions or control areas through which high flying aircraft would otherwise have to operate, a flight information region or control area, as appropriate, shall be delineated to include the upper air space within the lateral limits of a number of lower flight information regions or control areas.

Section 17. Control zones Section 17(1) The lateral limits of control zones shall encompass at least Control zones those portions of the airspace, which are not within control areas, containing the paths of IFR flights arriving at and departing from aerodromes to be used under instrument meteorological conditions. Section 17(2) The lateral limits of a control zone shall extend to at least 9.3 km (5 NM) from the centre of the aerodrome or aerodromes concerned in the directions from which approaches may be made. Section 17(3) If a control zone is located within the lateral limits of a control area, it shall extend upwards from the surface of the earth to at least the lower limit of the control area. Section 17(4) If a control zone is located outside of the lateral limits of a control area, an upper limit shall be established. Section 17(5) If it is desired to establish the upper limit of a control zone at a level higher than the lower limit of the control area established above it, or if the control zone is located outside of the lateral limits of a control area, its upper limit shall be established at a level which can easily be identified by pilots. Section 17(6) When the limit in...

Section 18. Identification of air traffic service units and airspace Section 18(1) An area control centre or flight information centre shall be identified by the name of a nearby town or city or geographic feature. Section 18(2) An aerodrome control tower or approach control unit shall be identified by the name of the aerodrome at which it is located. Section 18(3) A control zone, control area or flight information region shall be identified by the name of the unit having jurisdiction over such airspace.

Section 19. Establishment and Identification of ATS routes Section 19(1) When ATS routes are established, a protected airspace Establishment along each ATS route and a safe spacing between adjacent ATS routes shall be provided. Section 19(2) When warranted by density, complexity or nature of the traffic, special routes shall be established for use by low-level traffic, including helicopters operating to and from helidecks on the high seas. Section 19(3) When determining the lateral spacing between routes in sub- regulation (2), account shall be taken of the navigational means available and the navigation equipment carried on board helicopters. Section 19(4) ATS routes shall be identified by designators. Section 19(5) Designators for ATS routes other than standard departure and arrival routes shall be selected in accordance with the principles specified in the Second Schedule. Section 19(6) Standard departure and arrival routes and associated procedures shall be identified in accordance with the principles specified in the Third Schedule.

Section 20. Establishment of change over points Section 20(1) Change-over points shall be established on ATS route segments defined by reference to very high frequency omni-directional change over radio ranges where this will assist accurate navigation along the route segments. Section 20(2) The establishment of change-over points shall be limited to route segments of 110 km (60 NM) or more, except where the complexity of ATS routes, the density of navigation aids or other technical and operational reasons warrant the establishment of change- over points on shorter route segments. Section 20(3) Unless otherwise established in relation to the performance of the navigation aids or frequency protection criteria, the changeover point on a route segment shall be the mid-point between the facilities in the case of a straight route segment or the intersection of radials in the case of a route segment which changes direction between the facilities.

Section 21. Establishment and identification of significant points Section 21(1) Significant points shall be established for the purpose of defining an ATS route or in relation to the requirements of air traffic and identification services for information regarding the progress of aircraft inflight. Section 21(2) Significant points shall be identified by designators. Section 21(3) Significant points shall be established and identified in accordance with the principles specified in the Fourth Schedule.

Section 22. Coordination between the operator and air traffic services Section 22(1) Air traffic services units shall have due regard for the requirements of the operators consequent on their obligations as specified in Civil Aviation (Operation of Aircraft) Regulations. Section 22(2) The ATS units shall make available to the operators or their designated representatives such information as may be available to enable them or their designated presentatives to carry out their responsibilities. Section 22(3) The ATS Units shall provide the operator or a designated representative whenever requested, with messages including position reports in so far as practicable in accordance with locally agreed procedures.

Section 23. Coordination between military authorities and air traffic services Section 23(1) Air traffic services authorities shall establish and maintain close cooperation with military authorities responsible for activities between military that may affect flights of civil aircraft. Section 23(2) Coordination of activities that are potentially hazardous to civil aircraft shall be effected in accordance with regulation 24. Section 23(3) Arrangements shall be made to permit information relevant to the safe and expeditious conduct of flights of civil aircraft to be promptly exchanged between air traffic services units and appropriate military units. Section 23(4) Air traffic services units shall, in accordance with locally agreed procedures, provide appropriate military units with pertinent flight plan and other data concerning flights of civil aircraft. Section 23(5) Air traffic services authorities shall designate any areas or routes where the requirements of Civil Aviation (Rules of the Air) regulations, 2018 concerning flight plans, two-way communications and position reporting apply to all flights to facilitate identification of civil aircraft. Section 23(6)(a) air traffic serv...

Section 24. Coordination of activities potentially hazardous to civil aircraft Section 24(1) The arrangements for activities potentially hazardous to civil aircraft, whether over the territory of Kenya or over the high seas, activities shall be coordinated with the appropriate air traffic services authorities. Section 24(2) The coordination shall be effected to permit timely promulgation of information regarding the activities in accordance with the Civil Aviation (Aeronautical Information Services) Regulations, 2018. Section 24(3) lf the appropriate ATS authority is not that of the State where the organization planning the activities is located, initial coordination shall be effected through the ATS authority responsible for the airspace over the State where the organization is located. Section 24(4) The objective of the coordination shall be to achieve the best arrangements which may avoid hazards to civil aircraft and minimize interference with the normal operations of such aircraft. Section 24(5)(a) the locations or areas, times and durations for the activities shall be selected as far as possible in order to avoid closure or realignment of established ATS routes, blocking of t...

Section 25. Aeronautical data Section 25(1) Determination and reporting of air traffic services-related aeronautical data shall be in accordance with the accuracy and integrity requirements specified in Tables I to 5 set out in the Fifth Schedule while taking into account the established quality system procedures. Section 25(2)(i) surveyed points; Section 25(2)(ii) calculated points derived from mathematical calculations from the known surveyed points of points in space or fixes; and Section 25(2)(iii) declared points. Section 25(3) The Air navigation Service Provider shall ensure that integrity of aeronautical data is maintained throughout the data process from survey or origin to the next intended user. Section 25(4)(a) routine data to avoid corruption throughout the processing of the data; Section 25(4)(b) essential data to ensure corruption does not occur at any stage of the entire process and may include additional processes as needed to address potential risks in the overall system architecture to further assure data integrity at this level; and Section 25(4)(c) critical data to assure corruption does not occur at any stage of the entire process and include additional integri...

Section 26. Coordination between meteorological and air traffic Section 26(1) Meteorological and air traffic services providers shall make arrangements to ensure that aircraft receive the most up-to-date between meteorological information for aircraft operations Section 26(2)(a) report if observed by air traffic services personnel or communicated by aircraft, such other meteorological elements as may be agreed upon in addition to using indicating instruments; Section 26(2)(b) report as soon as possible to the associated meteorological office meteorological phenomena of operational significance, if observed by air traffic services personnel or communicated by aircraft, which have not been included in the aerodrome meteorological report; and Section 26(2)(c) report as soon as possible to the associated meteorological office pertinent information concerning pre-eruption volcanic activity, volcanic eruptions and information concerning volcanic ash cloud. Section 26(3) Area Control Centers and Flight Information Centers shall report the information in subregulation (2)(c) to the associated Meteorological Watch Office and Volcanic Ash Advisory Centers. Section 26(4) Area control centers,...

Section 27. Coordination between aeronautical information services and air traffic services Section 27(1) Aeronautical information services and air traffic responsible for air traffic services shall make arrangements to ensure aeronautical information services units obtain information to enable them to provide up-to-date pre-flight information and to meet the need for in-flight information. Section 27(2)(a) information on aerodrome conditions: Section 27(2)(b) the operational status of associated facilities, services and navigation aids within their area of responsibility: Section 27(2)(c) the occurrence of volcanic activity observed by air traffic services personnel or reported by aircraft; and Section 27(2)(d) any other information considered to be of operational significance. Section 27(3) Before introducing changes to the air navigation system, due account shall be taken by the service responsible for such changes of the time needed by the aeronautical information service for the preparation, production and issuance of relevant material for promulgation and to ensure timely provision of the information to the aeronautical information service, close coordination between those se...

Section 28. Minimum flight altitudes Section 28(1) The Authority shall determine and promulgate minimum flight altitutdes for each Air Traffic Service route and control area. Section 28(2) The minimum flight altitudes determined in subregulation (1) shall provide a minimum clearance above the controlling obstacle located within the areas concerned.

Section 29. Services to aircraft in the event of an emergency Section 29(1) An aircraft known or believed to be in a state of emergency, including being subjected to unlawful interference, shall be given maximum consideration, assistance and priority over aircrafts as may be necessitated by the circumstances. Section 29(2)(a) on Mode A, Code 7700; Section 29(2)(b) on Mode A, Code 7500, to indicate specifically that it is being subjected to unlawful interference; Section 29(2)(c) activate the appropriate emergency or urgency capability of ADS-B or ADS-C; or Section 29(2)(d) transmit the appropriate emergency message via CPDLC. Section 29(3) Human Factors principles shall be observed in communications between Air Traffic Services units and aircraft in the event of an emergency. Section 29(4) The Air Traffic Services units shall attend promptly to requests by an aircraft when an occurrence of unlawful interference with the aircraft takes place or is suspected. Section 29(5) Information pertinent to the safe conduct of the flight as referred to in subregulation (4) shall be transmitted and the necessary action shall be taken to expedite the conduct of all phases of the flight, especial...

Section 30. Strayed and unidentified aircraft Section 30(1) An air traffic services unit shall take all necessary steps as outlined in subregulations (2) and (3) to assist strayed aircraft and to safeguard its flight as soon as the unit becomes aware of the strayed aircraft. Section 30(2)(a) attempt to establish two-way communication with the aircraft, unless such communication already exists; Section 30(2)(b) use all available means to determine its position; Section 30(2)(c) inform other ATS units into whose area the aircraft may have strayed or may stray, taking into account all the factors which may have affected the navigation of the aircraft in the circumstances; Section 30(2)(d) inform, in accordance with locally agreed procedures, appropriate military units and provide them with pertinent flight plan and other data concerning strayed aircraft; Section 30(2)(e) request from the units referred to in (c) and (d) and from other aircraft in flight every assistance in establishing communication with the aircraft and determining its position. Section 30(3)(a) advise the aircraft of its position and corrective action to be taken; and Section 30(3)(b) provide, as necessary, other AT...

Section 31. Interception of civil aircraft Section 31(1)(a) attempt to establish two-way communication with the intercepted aircraft via any means available, including the emergency radio frequency 121.5 MHz, unless such communication already exists; Section 31(1)(b) inform the pilot of the intercepted aircraft of the interception; Section 31(1)(c) establish contact with the intercept control unit maintaining two-way communication with the intercepting aircraft and provide it with available information concerning the aircraft; Section 31(1)(d) relay messages between the intercepting aircraft or the intercept control unit and the intercepted aircraft, as necessary; Section 31(1)(e) in close coordination with the intercept control unit take all necessary steps to ensure the safety of the intercepted aircraft; Section 31(1)(f) inform ATS units serving adjacent flight information regions if it appears that the aircraft has strayed from such adjacent flight information regions. Section 31(2)(a) inform the ATS unit serving the airspace in which the interception is taking place, providing this unit with available information that will assist in identifying the aircraft and requesting it t...

Section 32. Time in air traffic services Section 32(1) Air traffic services units shall use Coordinated Universal Time in air traffic Time (UTC) and shall express the time in hours and minutes and, when services required, seconds of the 24-hour day beginning at midnight. Section 32(2) Air traffic services units shall be equipped with clocks indicating the time in hours, minutes and seconds, clearly visible from each operating position in the unit concerned. Section 32(3) Air traffic services unit clocks and other time recording devices shall be checked as necessary to ensure correct time to within plus or minus 30 seconds of UTC. Section 32(4) Wherever data link communications are utilized by an air traffic services unit, clocks and other time-recording devices shall be checked as necessary to ensure correct time to within I second of UTC. Section 32(5) The correct time shall be obtained from a standard time station or, if not possible, from another unit which has obtained the correct time from such station. Section 32(6) Aerodrome control towers shall, prior to an aircraft taxiing for take-off, provide the pilot with the correct time, unless arrangements have been made for the pil...

Section 33. Establishment of requirements for carriage and operation of pressure-altitude reporting transponders Section The Authority shall establish requirements for carriage and operation of pressure-altitude reporting transponders within defined portions of airspace.

Section 34. Safety management Section 34(1) An air traffic services provider shall establish a safety management system in accordance with the Civil Aviation (Safety Management) Regulations. Section 34(2) Any significant safety-related change to the ATS system, including the implementation of a reduced separation minimum or a new procedure, shall only be effected after a safety assessment has demonstrated that an acceptable level of safety will be met and users have been consulted. Section 34(3) The ATS provider, when appropriate, shall ensure that adequate provision is made for post-implementation monitoring to verify that the defined level of safety continues to be met.

Section 35. Fatigue management Section 35(1) The Authority shall establish procedures for the purpose of managing fatigue in the provision of air traffic control services. Section 35(2) The procedures referred to in subregulation (1) above, shall be based upon scientific principles, knowledge and operational experience, with the aim of ensuring that air traffic controllers perform at an adequate level of alertness. Section 35(2)(a) scheduling limits in accordance with the Seventh Schedule; and Section 35(2)(b) conditions for managing fatigue in accordance with the Eighth Schedule when authorizing air traffic services providers to use a fatigue risk management system (FRMS). Section 35(3)(a) air traffic controller schedules commensurate with the service(s) provided and in compliance with the Scheduling Limits in subregulation (3(a) above; Section 35(3)(b) an FRMS, in compliance with conditions established by the Authority in accordance with subregulation (3)(b) above, for the provision of all air traffic control services; or Section 35(3)(c) an FRMS, in compliance with conditions established by the Authority in accordance with subregulation (3)(b) above, for a defined part of its ai...

Section 36. Horizontal reference system Section 36(1) World Geodetic System -1984 shall be used as the horizontal-reference system for air navigation, reference System. Section 36(2) Reported aeronautical geographical coordinates indicating latitude and longitude shall be expressed in terms of the World Geodetic System-1984 geodetic reference datum.

Section 37. Vertical reference system Section Mean Sea Level datum, which gives the relationship of gravity-related height or elevation to a surface known as the geoids shall be used as the vertical reference system for air navigation.

Section 38. Temporal reference system Section 38(1) The Gregorian calendar and Coordinated Universal Time shall be used as the temporal reference system for air navigation. Section 38(2) When a different temporal reference system is used, the temporal reference system shall be indicated in Part 1, Section 2.1.2 of the Aeronautical Information Publication.

Section 39. Language profeciency Section 39(1) An air traffic services provider shall ensure that air traffic controllers speak and understand the language(s) used for radiotelephony communications as specified in Civil Aviation (Personnel Licensing) Regulations, 2018. Section 39(2) The English language shall be used for communications between air traffic control units except when conducted in a mutually agreed language.

Section 40. Contingency arrangements Section 40(1) Air traffic services authorities shall develop and promulgate contingency plans for implementation in the event of disruption, or potential disruption, of air traffic services and related supporting services in the airspace for which they are responsible for the provision of such services. Section 40(2) The contingency plans shall be developed with the assistance of International Civil Aviation Organization in coordination with the air traffic services authorities responsible for the provision of services in adjacent portions of airspace and with airspace users concerned.

Section 41. Identification and delienation of prohibited restricted and danger areas Section 41(1) All prohibited, restricted or danger areas shall upon initial establishment, be given identification and full details and be delineation of promulgated by the Authority, prohibited, danger areas. Section 41(2) The identifications assigned shall be used to identify the area in all subsequent notifications pertaining to that area. Section 41(3)(a) nationality letters for location indicators assigned to the State or territory which has established the airspace; Section 41(3)(b) a letter P for prohibited area, R for restricted area and D for danger area as appropriate; and Section 41(3)(c) a number, unduplicated within the State or territory. Section 41(4) Identification numbers shall not be reused for a period of at least one year after cancellation of the area to which they refer to avoid confusion. Section 41(5) When a prohibited, restricted or danger area is established, the area shall be as small as practicable and be contained within simple geometrical limits, so as to permit ease of reference by all concerned.

Section 42. Instrument flight procedure design service Section The Authority shall ensure that an instrument flight procedure design service is in place in accordance with the Sixth Schedule.

Section 43. Application of Air traffic control service Section IFR flights in airspace Classes A, B, C, D and E;

Section 44. Provision of air traffic control service Section by an area control centre; or

Section 45. Operation of air traffic control service Section 45(1)(a) be provided with information on the intended movement of each aircraft, or variations there from, and with current information on the actual progress of each aircraft; Section 45(1)(b) determine from the information received, the relative positions of known aircraft to each other; Section 45(1)(c) issue clearances and information for the purpose of preventing collision between aircraft under its control and of expediting and maintaining an orderly flow of traffic; Section 45(1)(d) whenever an aircraft might otherwise conflict with traffic operated under the control of such other units; Section 45(1)(d)(i) whenever an aircraft might otherwise conflict with traffic operated under the control of such other units; Section 45(1)(d)(ii) before transferring control of an aircraft to such other units. Section 45(2) Information on aircraft movements, together with a record of air traffic control clearances issued to such aircraft, shall be so displayed as to permit ready analysis in order to maintain an efficient flow of air traffic with adequate separation between aircraft. Section 45(3)(a) all flights in airspace Classe...

Section 46. Separation minima Section 46(1)(a) the appropriate ATS authority following consultation with operators, for routes or portions of routes contained within the sovereign airspace of Kenya; Section 46(1)(a)(i) the appropriate ATS authority following consultation with operators, for routes or portions of routes contained within the sovereign airspace of Kenya; Section 46(1)(a)(ii) regional air navigation agreements for routes or portions of routes contained within airspace over the high seas; Section 46(1)(b) traffic passes from one into the other of the neighbouring airspaces; Section 46(1)(b)(i) traffic passes from one into the other of the neighbouring airspaces; Section 46(1)(b)(ii) routes are closer to the common boundary of the neighbouring airspaces than the separation minima applicable in the circumstances. Section 46(2)(a) to the ATS units concerned; and Section 46(2)(b) to pilots and operators through aeronautical information publications, where separation is based on the use by aircraft of specified navigation aids or specified navigation techniques.

Section 47. Responsibility for control Section 47(1) A controlled flight shall be under the control of only one air traffic control unit at any given time. Section 47(2) Responsibility for the control of all aircraft operating within a given block of airspace shall be vested in a single air traffic control unit. Section 47(3) The control of an aircraft or groups of aircraft may be delegated to other air traffic control units provided that coordination between all air traffic control units concerned is assured.

Section 48. Place or time of transfer Section The responsibility for the control of an aircraft shall be transferred from one air traffic control unit to another in accordance with the principles specified in the Ninth Schedule.

Section 49. Coordination of transfer Section 49(1) Responsibility for control of an aircraft shall not be transferred from one air traffic control unit to another without the consent of the accepting control unit. Section 49(2) The consent of the accepting control unit shall be obtained in accordance with the principles specified in the Ninth Schedule.

Section 50. Air traffic control clearance Section Air traffic control clearances shall be based solely on the requirements for providing air traffic control service.