Prevention of Combating and Torture of Persons Act

11. Amendment of laws 12. Short title Schedule Definitions

1. In this Act, unless the context indicates otherwise— ‘‘accused person’’ means any person who has committed or allegedly committed an act of torture; ‘‘Constitution’’ means the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996; ‘‘Convention’’ means the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment adopted by the General Assembly of the United Nations on 10 December 1984 and ratified by the Republic on 10 December 1998; ‘‘court’’ means a court contemplated in section 166 of the Constitution; ‘‘public official’’ means any person holding public office and exercising or purporting to exercise a public power or a public function in terms of any legislation; ‘‘torture’’ has the meaning assigned to it in section 3; and ‘‘victim’’ means any person who has or has allegedly been subjected to an act of torture. Objects and interpretation of Act 2. (1) The objects of this Act are to— (a) give effect to the Republic’s obligations concerning torture in terms of the Convention, in particular— (i) the recognition that the equal and inalienable rights of all persons are the foundation of freedom, dignity, justice and peace in the world; the promotion of universal respect for human rights and the protection of human dignity; that no one shall be subjected to acts of torture; (ii) (iii) 5 10 15 20 25 30 (b) provide for the prosecution of persons who commit offences referred to in this 35 Act and for appropriate penalties; (c) provide for measures aimed at the prevention and combating of torture; and (d) provide for the training of persons, who may be involved in the custody, interrogation or treatment of a person subjected to any form of arrest, detention or imprisonment, on the prohibition and the combating of torture. (2) When interpreting this Act, the court must promote the values of Chapter 2 of the Constitution and the achievement of the objects referred to in subsection (1). Acts constituting torture

3. For the purposes of this Act, ‘‘torture’’ means any act by which severe pain or suffering, whether physical or mental, is intentionally inflicted on a person— (a) for such purposes as to— (i) obtain information or a confession from him or her or any other person; (ii) punish him or her for an act he or she or any other person has committed, (iii) is suspected of having committed or is planning to commit; or intimidate or coerce him or her or any other person to do, or to refrain from doing, anything; or 40 45 50 GOVERNMENT GAZETTE, 29 July 2013 Nmr 13 ya 2013: Molao wa Thibelo le Twantšho ya Tlaišo ya Batho, 2013 No. 36716 5 Nmr 13 ya 2013 5 Maatla a tiragatsˇo ya Bolaodi bakeng sa dinaga tsˇa ka ntle Dikoloto Go rakwa, go busˇetsˇwa goba go fedisˇwa Maikarabelo kakaretsˇo baKeng sa go godisˇa tsebo 6. 7. 8. 9.

10. Melawana 11. 12. Phetosˇo ya melao Thaetlele ye kopana Sˇetule Dihlalosˇo

1. Mo Molao wo, ntle le ge tshwaraganyo e hlalosˇa ka tsela ye nngwe— ‘‘molatofatsˇwa’’ e ra motho ofe goba ofe yo a dirilego molato goba yo a latofaditsˇwego ka go ba karolo ya tiragatsˇo ya tlaisˇo; ‘‘Molaotheo’’ e ra Molaotheo wa Rephabliki ya Afrika Borwa, 1996; ‘‘Khonfensˇene’’ Khonfensˇene ya Dinaga Kopano Kgahlanong le Tlaisˇo le swarompe ya batho le go hloka botho goba go nyenyefatsˇa goba Kotlo ye thomilwego ke kopano ya setsˇhaba kakaretsˇo ya Dinaga Kopano ka la 10 Desemere 1984 mme e thekgwa ke Rephabliki ka la 10 Desemere 1998; ‘‘kgorotsheko’’ e ra kgorotsheko ka ge e hlalosˇitsˇwe go karolo 166 ya Molaotheo; ‘‘mohlankedi wa setsˇhaba’’ e ra motho ofe goba ofe yo sˇomelago mmusˇo mme yo diragatsˇago goba yo ikemisˇeditsˇego go diragatsˇa maatla a setsˇhabeng goba mosˇomo wa setsˇhaba go ya ka molao ofe goba ofe; ‘‘tlaisˇo’’ e na le hlalosˇo yeo e hlalosˇitsˇwe go karolo 3; mme ‘‘motsˇwasehlabelo’’ e ra motho ofe goba ofe yo tlaisˇwago goba yo belaelwago gore o a tlaisˇwa. Maikemisˇetsˇo le hlathollo ya Molao 2. (1) Maikemisˇetsˇo a Molao wo ke go— (a) diragatsˇa tlamego ya Rephabliki malebana le tlaisˇo go ya ka Khonfesˇene, ka hlalosˇo— (i) temogo ya gore ditokelo tsˇa batho ka moka tsˇe lekanago ke motheo wa tokologo, serithi, toka le khutsˇo lefaseng; (ii) kgodisˇo ya hlompho gohle ya ditokelo tsˇa batho le tsˇhireletsˇo ya serithi sa batho; (iii) gore ga go motho yo a tla swarwa ka tsela ya tlaisˇo; (b) phethagaletsˇa botsˇhotsˇhisi bja batho bao ba dirago melato ye go bolelwago ka yona mo Molaong wo mme le dikotlo tsˇe swanetsˇego; (c) go phethagaletsˇa magato a maikemisˇetsˇo a go thibela le go lwantsˇha tlaisˇo; mme le (d) go phethagaletsˇa tlhako ya batho, bao ba lego kgolegong, bao ba botsˇolosˇwago goba go swarwa ga yo a swerwego ka tsela efe goba efe, go notlelwa goba kgolego, ka ga phedisˇo le twantsˇho ya tlaisˇo. (2) Ge go hlathollwa Molao wo, kgorotsheko e swanetsˇe go godisˇa ditaelo tsˇa Kgaolo 2 ya Molaotheo mme le katlego ya maikemisˇetsˇo a hlalosˇitsˇwego go karolwana (1). Ditiragalo tsˇe laetsˇago tlaisˇo

3. Bakeng sa mohola wa Molao wo, ‘‘tlaisˇo’’ e ra diragalo efe goba efe goba moo e lego gore kwesˇo bohloko goba tlaisˇego, e le ye bohloko goba ye amago hlaloganyo, e diragatsˇwa ka maikemisˇetsˇo, go motho— (a) bakeng sa mohola wa go— (i) hwetsˇa tshedimosˇo goba go bolela nnete ga gagwe goba ga motho ofe goba ofe; (ii) otla yena ka lebaka la tiragalo ye dirilwego ke yena goba ye dirilwego ke motho ofe goba ofe, o belaelwa gore o dirile molato goba o ikemisˇeditsˇe go dira molato; goba tsˇhosˇetsˇa goba go mo gapeletsˇa goba motho ofe goba ofe go dira goba go se dire, selo; goba (iii) 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 6 No. 36716 Act No. 13 of 2013 GOVERNMENT GAZETTE, 29 July 2013 Prevention of Combating and Torture of Persons Act, 2013 6 (b) for any reason based on discrimination of any kind, when such pain or suffering is inflicted by or at the instigation of, or with the consent or acquiescence of a public official or other person acting in an official capacity, but does not include pain or suffering arising only from, inherent in or incidental to lawful sanctions. Offences and penalties 4. (1) Any person who— (a) commits torture; (b) attempts to commit torture; or (c) incites, instigates, commands or procures any person to commit torture, is guilty of the offence of torture and is on conviction liable to imprisonment, including imprisonment for life. (2) Any person who participates in torture, or who conspires with a public official to aid or procure the commission of or to commit torture, is guilty of the offence of torture and is on conviction liable to imprisonment, including imprisonment for life. (3) Despite any other law to the contrary, including customary international law, the fact that an accused person— 5 10 15 (a) is or was a head of state or government, a member of a government or parliament, an elected representative or a government official; or (b) was under a legal obligation to obey a manifestly unlawful order of a 20 government or superior, is neither a defence to a charge of committing an offence referred to in this section, nor a ground for any possible reduction of sentence, once that person has been convicted of such offence. (4) No exceptional circumstances whatsoever, including but not limited to, a state of war, threat of war, internal political instability, national security or any state of emergency may be invoked as a justification for torture. (5) No one shall be punished for disobeying an order to commit torture. Factors to be considered in sentencing

5. Any court that imposes a sentence in respect of any offence under this Act must, when considering the presence of aggravating circumstances and without excluding other relevant factors, take the following factors into account: (a) Any discrimination against the victim; (b) the state of the victim’s mental or physical health; (c) whether the victim had any mental or physical disability; (d) whether the victim was under the age of 18 years; (e) whether the victim was also the victim of a sexual act as contemplated in the Criminal Law (Sexual Offences and Related Matters) Amendment Act, 2007 (Act No. 32 of 2007); the use of any kind of weapon to harm, threaten or intimidate the victim; the infliction of serious mental or physical harm to the victim; the conditions in which the victim was detained; the role of the convicted person in the offence; previous convictions relating to the offence of torture or related offences; and the physical and psychological effects the torture had on the victim. (f) (g) (h) (i) (j) (k) 25 30 35 40 45 GOVERNMENT GAZETTE, 29 July 2013 Nmr 13 ya 2013: Molao wa Thibelo le Twantšho ya Tlaišo ya Batho, 2013 No. 36716 7 Nmr 13 ya 2013 7 (b) bakeng sa lebaka lefe goba lefe la kgethollo efe goba efe, ge hlokofatsˇo goba bosˇoro bjo hlolago fela ke goba mathomong a, goba ka tetla goba tsebo ya mohlankedi wa mmusˇo goba motho yo mongwe wa motswaoswere go bahlankedi, efela ga e akaretsˇe bohloko le tlaisˇego tsˇe hlolwago fela ke hlago goba bakeng sa tetla ya molao. Melato le dikotlo 4. (1) Motho ofe goba ofe yo a— (a) diragatsˇago tlaisˇo; (b) a lekago go diragatsˇa tlaisˇo; goba (c) hlohlago, thomago, laelago goba yo a dirago gore motho ofe goba ofe a diragatsˇe tlaisˇo, o na le molato wa tlaisˇo mme ge a tsˇhotsˇhiswa o tla isˇwa kgolegong, go akaretsˇwa go isˇwa kgolegong sa ruri. (2) Motho ofe goba ofe yo tsˇeyago karolo go tiragatsˇo ya tlaisˇo, goba yo thusˇago mohlankedi wa setsˇhaba go hwetsˇa tefelo ya goba go diragatsˇa tlaisˇo, o na le molato wa tlaisˇo mme ge a tsˇhotsˇhiswa go tla isˇwa kgolegong, go akaretsˇwa go isˇwa kgolegong sa ruri. (3) Ntle le Molao ofe goba ofe yo hlalosˇago ka tsela ye farolaganego, go akaretsˇwa molao wa boditsˇhabatsˇhaba wa tlaelo, nnete ya gore motho yo latofaditsˇwego— (a) ke goba e be e le hlogo ya pusˇo goba mmusˇo, leloko la mmusˇo goba Palamente, kemedi ye kgethilwego goba mohlankedi wa mmusˇo; goba (b) a be a le ka fase ga tlamego ya molao ya go obamela taelo ye bonalago gore ga se ya molao ya mmusˇo goba mogolo wa gagwe, ga se go ikemela go tatofatsˇo ya go dira molato wo go bolelwago ka wona go karolo ye, ebile ga se selo seo se ka thusˇago ka go fokotsˇa kotlo, ge setsˇe motho yoo a tsˇhotsˇhisˇeditsˇwe molato oo. (4) Ga go mabaka a kgethegilego ka tsela efe goba efe, go akaretsˇwa efela go sa felele go, seemo sa ntwa, tsˇhosˇetsˇo ya ntwa, seemo sa ka gare sa dipolotiki tsˇe sa sepelego ka tsela ya tshwanelo, tsˇhireletsˇego ya setsˇhaba goba seemo sefe goba sefe sa tsˇhoganyetsˇo ao a ka dirisˇwago bjalo ka mabaka a tlaisˇo. (5) Ga go motho o tla hwetsˇago kotlo bakeng sa go se obamela taelo ya go diragatsˇa tlaisˇo. Dilo tsˇe swanetsˇego go akanyisˇisˇwa ge go ahlolwa

5. Kgorotshekelo efe goba efe yeo e fago kotlo malebana le molato ofe goba ofe ka tlase ga Molao wo e swanetsˇe go, ge e elelwa go ba gona ga mabaka a mpefatsˇago seemo mme ntle le go kgetholla mabaka a mangwe a maleba, gopola mabaka a latelago: (a) Kgethollo efe goba efe go motsˇwasehlabelo; (b) (c) ge e ba motsˇwasehlabelo o be a na le bogole bofe goba bofe bja mogopolo seemo sa boitekanelo bja mogopolo le mmele sa motsˇwasehlabelo; goba mmele; (d) ge e ba motsˇwasehlabelo o ka fase ga mengwaga ye 18; (e) ge e ba motsˇwasehlabelo ebe e le motsˇwasehlabelo gape wa tiragalo ya thobalano bjalo ka ge go hlalosˇitsˇwe go the Criminal Law (Sexual Offences and Related Matters) Amendment Act, 2007 (Act No. 32 of 2007); tirisˇo ya sebetsˇwa sefe goba sefe go gobatsˇa goba go tsˇhosˇetsˇa motsˇwa- sehlabelo; (f) (g) go gobatsˇa go go sˇoro ga monagano goba mmele wa motsˇwasehlabelo; (h) maemo ao e lego gore motsˇwasehlabelo o be a swerwe ka ona; (i) (j) tema ya molatofatsˇwa molatong; ditatofatsˇo tsˇa nako ye fetilego tsˇe malebana le tatofatsˇo ya tlaisˇo goba melato ye malebana; le (k) ditlamorago tsˇe bonalago mme le tsˇe amago hlaloganyo tsˇeo di hlotsˇwego ke tlaisˇo go motsˇwasehlabelo. 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 8 No. 36716 Act No. 13 of 2013 GOVERNMENT GAZETTE, 29 July 2013 Prevention of Combating and Torture of Persons Act, 2013 Extra-territorial jurisdiction 8 6. (1) A court of the Republic has jurisdiction in respect of an act committed outside the Republic which would have constituted an offence under section 4(1) or (2) had it been committed in the Republic, regardless of whether or not the act constitutes an offence at the place of its commission, if the accused person— (a) (b) (c) is a citizen of the Republic; is ordinarily resident in the Republic; is, after the commission of the offence, present in the territory of the Republic, or in its territorial waters or on board a ship, vessel, off-shore installation, a fixed platform or aircraft registered or required to be registered in the Republic and that person is not extradited pursuant to Article 8 of the Convention; or (d) has committed the offence against a South African citizen or against a person who is ordinarily resident in the Republic. (2) If an accused person is alleged to have committed an offence contemplated in section 4(1) or (2) outside the territory of the Republic, prosecution for the offence may only be instituted against such person on the written authority of the National Director of Public Prosecutions contemplated in section 179(1)(a) of the Constitution, who must also designate the court in which the prosecution must be conducted. Liability

7. Nothing contained in this Act affects any liability which a person may incur under the common law or any other law. Expulsion, return or extradition 8. (1) No person shall be expelled, returned or extradited to another State where there are substantial grounds for believing that he or she would be in danger of being subjected to torture. (2) For the purpose of determining whether there are such grounds, all relevant considerations must be taken into account, including, where applicable, the existence in the State concerned of a consistent pattern of gross, flagrant or mass violations of human rights. General responsibility to promote awareness 9. (1) The State has a duty to promote awareness of the prohibition against torture, aimed at the prevention and combating of torture. (2) Without derogating from the general nature of the duty referred to subsection (1), one or more Cabinet members, designated by the President, must cause programmes to be developed in order to— (a) conduct education and information campaigns of the prohibition against torture aimed at the prevention and combating of torture; (b) ensure that all public officials who may be involved in the custody, interrogation or treatment of a person subjected to any form of arrest, detention or imprisonment, are educated and informed of the prohibition against torture; (c) provide assistance and advice to any person who wants to lodge a complaint 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 of torture; and train public officials on the prohibition, prevention and combating of torture. 45 (d) Regulations 10. (1) The Cabinet member responsible for the administration of justice may make regulations regarding any matter referred to in section 9(2), which are reasonably necessary or expedient to regulate in order to achieve the objects of this Act. (2) Any regulation contemplated in subsection (1) must be tabled in Parliament before 50 it is promulgated. GOVERNMENT GAZETTE, 29 July 2013 Nmr 13 ya 2013: Molao wa Thibelo le Twantšho ya Tlaišo ya Batho, 2013 No. 36716 9 Nmr 13 ya 2013 9 Maatla a tiragatsˇo ya bolaodi bakeng sa dinaga a ka ntle ga Rephabliki 6. (1) Kgorotsheko ya Rephabliki e na le maatla malebana le tiragalo ye dirilwego ka ntle ga Rephabliki woo o ka dirisˇwago molatong ka fase ga karolo 4(1) goba (2) ge o dirilwe mo Rephabliki, go sa kgathalatsˇege gore tiragalo ke molato lefelong leo e diragetsˇego gona, ge e le gore motho yo latofatsˇwago— (a) ke modudi wa mo Rephabliki; (b) ke moagi wa Rephabliki; (c) ke, morago ga go dira molato, a le gona lefelong la Rephabliki, goba mabopong a yona, goba ka gare ga sekepe, senamelwa, kgole le mabopo, lefelong le rilego goba sefofane se ngwadisˇitsˇwego goba se swanetsˇego go ngwadisˇwa mo Rephabliki mme motho yoo a neetsˇwego go ya ka sengwalwa 8 sa Khonfensˇene; goba (d) Go dirile molato kgahlanong le modudi wa mo Afrika Borwa goba kgahlanong le motho yo a agilego mo Rephabliki. (2) Ge motho yo latofaditsˇwego a belaelwa gore o dirile molato yo hlalosˇitsˇwego go karolo 4(1) goba (2) ka mo ntle ga Rephabliki, botsˇhotsˇhisi bja molato wo bo ka diragatsˇwa fela kgahlanong le motho yo ka tumelelo ka tsela ya lengwalo ya Molaodi wa Bosetsˇhaba wa Botsˇhotsˇhisi bja Mmusˇo bjo hlalosˇitsˇwego go karolo 179(1)(a) ya Molaotheo, yo gape a swanetsˇego go laela kgorotsheko yeo botsˇhotsˇhisi bo swanetsˇego go dirwa gona. 5 10 15 20 Dikoloto

7. Ga go selo mo Molao wo seo se amago maikarabelo ao motho a ka a rwesˇwago ka fase ga molao wa tlaelo goba molao ofe goba ofe. Go rakwa, go busˇetsˇwa goba go fedisˇwa 8. (1) Ga go motho yo tla rakwa, busˇetsˇwa goba go romelwa ka lebaka la molato Nageng ye nngwe moo go nago le mabaka a kwagalago a go dumela gore a ka ba kotsing ya go tlaisˇwa. (2) Bakeng sa go bona ge eba go na le mabaka, dilo ka moka di swanetsˇe go elelwa, go akaretsˇwa, mo go kgonagalago, go ba gona Mmusˇong yo amegago ka tatellano ya dikgatako tsˇe ntsˇi tsˇa ditokelo tsˇa batho. 25 30 Maikarabelo kakaretsˇo bakeng sa go godisˇa tsebo 9. (1) Mmusˇo o na le maikarabelo a go godisˇa tsebo ya phedisˇo ya tlaisˇo ye ikemisˇeditsˇego go thibela le go lwantsˇha tlaisˇo. (2) Ntle le go tloga go seemo kakaretsˇo sa tshwanelo ye go bolelwago ka yona go karolwana (1), leloko la Kabinete le tee goba a mabedi, ao a beilwego ke Mopresitente, a swanetsˇe go phethagaletsˇa gore mananeo a diragatsˇwe bakeng sa go— (a) dira masolo a thuto le tshedimosˇo a phedisˇo ya tlaisˇo ao a ikemisˇeditsˇego go thibela le go lwantsˇha tlaisˇo; (b) netefatsˇa gore bahlankedi ba mmusˇo ka moka bao ba ka tsˇwago ba le kgolegong, go nyakisˇisˇwa goba go swarwa ga motho yo a swerwego ka tsela efe goba efe, a notleletsˇwe goba a le kgolegong, ba rutegile mme ba tseba ka ga phedisˇo ya tlaisˇo; (c) go fa thusˇo le keletsˇo go motho ofe goba ofe yo batlago go dira ngongorego ka 35 40 tlaisˇo; gape tlhakisˇa bahlankedi ba mmusˇo ka ga phedisˇo, thibelo le twantsˇho ya tlaisˇo. (d) 45 Melawana 10. (1) Leloko la Kabinete le nago le maikarabelo a tshepedisˇo ya Toka le ka dira Melawana malebana le morero ofe goba ofe boletsˇwego go karolo 9(2), yeo e hlokegago goba e lego bohlokwa go ka laola bakeng sa go fihlelela maikemisˇetsˇo a Molao wo. (2) Molawana ofe goba ofe yo hlalosˇitsˇwego go karolwana (1) o swanetsˇe go 50 tsˇweletsˇwa Palamente pele e ka phatlalatsˇwa. 10 No. 36716 Act No. 13 of 2013 GOVERNMENT GAZETTE, 29 July 2013 Prevention of Combating and Torture of Persons Act, 2013 10 Amendment of laws

11. The laws specified in the Schedule are hereby amended to the extent indicated in the third column thereof. Short title

12. This Act is called the Prevention and Combating of Torture of Persons Act, 2013. 5 GOVERNMENT GAZETTE, 29 July 2013 Nmr 13 ya 2013: Molao wa Thibelo le Twantšho ya Tlaišo ya Batho, 2013 No. 36716 11 Nmr 13 ya 2013 11 Phetosˇo ya melao

11. Melao ye hlalosˇitsˇwego go Sˇetule e a fetosˇwa go fihlela ka moo go laeditsˇwego go Kholomo ya boraro. Thaetlele ye kopana

12. Molao wo o bitsˇwa Molao wa Thibelo le Twantsˇho ya Tlaisˇo ya Batho, 2013. 5 12 No. 36716 Act No. 13 of 2013 GOVERNMENT GAZETTE, 29 July 2013 Prevention of Combating and Torture of Persons Act, 2013 12 SCHEDULE Laws amended (Section 9) Number and year of law Short title Extent of amendment Act No. 51 of 1977 Criminal Procedure Act, 1977 Act No. 121 of 1998 Prevention of Organised Crime Act, 1998

1. The amendment of Schedule 1 and Parts II and III of Schedule 2, by the inclusion of the offences referred to in section 4(1) and (2) of the Prevention and Combating of Torture of Persons Act, 2013.

2. The amendment of Schedule 1 by the inclusion of the offences referred to in section 4(1) and (2) of the Prevention and Combating of Torture of Persons Act, 2013. GOVERNMENT GAZETTE, 29 July 2013 Nmr 13 ya 2013: Molao wa Thibelo le Twantšho ya Tlaišo ya Batho, 2013 No. 36716 13 Nmr 13 ya 2013 13 SˇETULU Melao e fetosˇitsˇwego (Karolo ya 9) Thaetlele ye kopana Bogolo bja phetosˇo Nomoro le ngwaga wa Molao Act No. 51 of 1977 Criminal Procedure Act, 1977 Act No. 121 of 1998 Prevention of Organised Crime Act, 1998

1. Phetosˇo ya Sˇetule 1 le Diripana II le III tsˇa Sˇetule 2, ka kakaretsˇo ya melato ye go bolelwago ka yona go karolo 4(1) le (2) tsˇa Molao wa Thibelo le Twantsˇho ya Tlaisˇo ya Batho, 2013.

2. Phetosˇo ya Sˇetule 1 ka kakaretsˇo ya melato ye go bolelwago ka yona go karolo 4(1) le (2) tsˇa Molao wa Thibelo le Twantsˇho ya Tlaisˇo ya Batho, 2013.